1. INTRODUCTION

2. CLEMENTINE EDR IMAGE ARCHIVE

3. MISSION TIME LINE

4. THE SCIENTIFIC PAYLOAD

5. LUNAR ORBITAL DYNAMICS

6. INITIAL SCIENTIFIC RESULTS

APPENDIX I - Lunar Orbit Time Line

1. Introduction

During the past decade, the Department of Defense and the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization, BMDO (formally the Strategic Defense Initiative, SDIO) of the US Department of Defense (DOD) have invested heavily in space technology, focused on the development of lighter, more cost effective components and systems for spacecraft. In May of 1990, the NASA Discovery Science Working Group endorsed a study of incorporation of SDIO developed technology into civilian scientific missions. In September 1990, NASA Administrator Richard Truly formally inquired of Deputy Secretary of Defense Donald Atwood as to the possibility of utilizing the advanced, lightweight technologies being developed by the Department of Defense in a joint space exploration mission. After a six month effort by NASA, DOD, and industry, it was concluded that a mission to a near-Earth-asteroid was desirable and feasible from both organizations' standpoint. In addition to the scientific value of an asteroid flyby and of the potential benefit of technology transfer between the agencies for NASA, there was clear benefits to DOD. In early 1992 the mission was incorporated into the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization Sensor Integration Program. The mission was subsequently expanded by two months to include mapping of the Moon to demonstrate spacecraft and sensor performance prior to the demanding asteroid flyby mission. The interstage adapter of the spacecraft, housing the solid rocket motor, was also designated as a platform to remain in highly eccentric earth orbit as a radiation experiment platform and additional sensor target.

The Clementine spacecraft was built at the US Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC, and carried sensors, attitude control systems and software designed and built by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The USAF supplied advanced lightweight composite structures and the launch vehicle, a Titan II B refurbished ICBM. Several other organizations were involved, especially NASA with communications support, through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's (JPL) Deep Space network, and orbit determination and operations support from both the Goddard Space Flight Center and JPL. Supporting these laboratories were scores of industrial contractors, both large and small.

The spacecraft consists of an octagonal prism about 2 meters high. A 110-pound thruster for delta-V maneuvers is on one end of the prism and a high-gain fixed dish antenna is on the other end. The spacecraft propulsion system consists of a nonpropellant hydrazine system for attitude control and a bipropellant nitrogen tetraoxide and monomenthyl hydrazine system for the maneuvers in space. The bipropellant system had a total capability of about 1.9 km/s with about 550 m/s required for lunar insertion and 540 m/s for lunar departure. The power system consists of a gimbaled, single axis, GaAs/Ge solar array providing a total spacecraft power of 360 watts at 30 Vdc, with a specific power of 240 w/kg, based on lightweight construction. Two arrays of the rotating solar panels protrude from opposite sides; by rolling the spacecraft and rotating the panels, full solar illumination of the panels would be achieved. The solar array was used to charge a 15 A-h, 47-w hr/kg, Nihau common pressure vessel battery. The total mass of the spacecraft in the launch configuration was 1690 kg, with most of the weight in the solid rocket motor required for translunar insertion. The spacecraft dry mass is about 227 kg, with a roughly equal mass for liquid fuel. This weight was achieved by incorporating many of the previously discussed lightweight technologies.

The main instrumentation on Clementine consists of four cameras, one with a laser-ranging system. The cameras include an ultraviolet-visual (UV-VIS) camera, a long-wave infrared (LWIR) camera, the laser-ranger (LIDAR) high-resolution (HiRes) camera, and a near-infrared (NIR) camera. The spacecraft also has two star tracker cameras, used mainly for attitude determination, but they also serve as wide-field cameras for various scientific and operational purposes. The sensor package has a mass of 8 kg and represents the state-of-the-art at the initiation of the Clementine program. The sensors are all located on one side, 90 degrees away from the solar panels. Clementine has 12 small attitude control jets that were used to orient the spacecraft to point the cameras to desired targets. The attitude control system includes the two star tracker cameras and two lightweight inertial measurement units, based on a ring laser gyro and an interferometric fiber optic gyro. During initial deployment at low-earth-orbit, the full size spacecraft was 3-axis stabilized. The spacecraft was 3-axis stabilized in lunar orbit via reaction wheels, with a precision of 0.05 Deg. in control and 0.03 in knowledge.

The spacecraft data processing was performed by 3 computing systems. A MIL-STD-1750A computer with a capacity of 1.7 million instructions per second was used for save mode, attitude control system, and housekeeping operations. A reduced instruction set computer (RISC) 32-bit processor with 18 million instructions per second was used for image processing and autonomous operations. The Clementine mission represents the first long duration flight of a 32 bit RISC processor. Also incorporated is a state-of-the-art image compression system provided by the French Space Agency CNES. A data handling unit with its own microcontroller sequenced the cameras, operated the image compression system, and directed the data flow. During imaging operations, the data were stored in a 3 kg, 2 Gbit dynamic solid state data recorder and later transferred to the ground stations using a 128 kb/s downlink. The spacecraft was commanded from the ground using a 1 kb/s uplink from the NASA Deep Space Network and DOD stations. Demonstration of autonomous navigation including autonomous orbit determination was a major goal of the Clementine mission. Autonomous operations were conducted in lunar orbit.

2. Clementine EDR Image Archive

The Clementine EDR (Engineering Data Record) Image Archive will contain approximately 100 CD-ROM [actually 88] volumes for distribution to the science community. Each volume will contain approximately 3 lunar orbits but may vary in the number of orbits depending on the size of each orbit. The first volume in the series begins with orbit 32--the start of the lunar mapping phase of the mission. The Low Earth orbit, and earth phasing loop image data will be generated on the volumes at the end of the volume series.

Additional documentation exists on the CD-ROM volume series that describe the organization and content of the Clementine EDR Image Archive. Please see the EDRSIS and ARCSIS documents located in the <document> directory. The EDRSIS document provides a detailed description of the format of the image files that are contained in the archive. The ARCSIS document describes the organization of the volumes.

3. Mission Time Line

Clementine was launched on January 25, 1994 from Vandenburg Air Force Base aboard a Titan IIG rocket. After two Earth flybys, lunar insertion was achieved on February 19-th. Lunar mapping took place over approximately 2 months in two systematic mapping passes over the Moon (See Lunar Orbital Dynamics section for more details on systematic mapping and Appendix I showing a table of the Lunar orbit time lines.) Table 1 provides a synopsis of the mission time line.

After successfully completing the Lunar mapping phase of the mission, Clementine suffered an on-board malfunction at 9:39 AM EST, Saturday, May 7, 1994. The result of the malfunction prevented Clementine from performing the planned close flyby of the near-Earth asteroid Geographos scheduled for August 1994. Preliminary analysis traced the cause of the malfunction to the on-board computer which controls most of thesatellite's systems including the attitude control thrusters. The computer activated several thrusters during a 20 minute telemetry interrupt with the ground station, thus depleting all the fuel in the Attitude Control System (ACS) tanks. With the depletion of the ACS tanks, the spacecraft was left spinning at 80 revolutions per minute with no remaining fuel left to despin the spacecraft.

Table 1 - Mission Time line Summary

3/24/1992 - Clementine Design Begins

1/25/1994 - Spacecraft launched at Vandenburg Air Force Base

2/ 3/1994 - Departure from low Earth orbit following an eight day checkout period

2/19/1994 - Following two phasing loop orbits, Clementine injected into lunar orbit. Lunar orbit shake down period begins.

2/26/1994 - Start of systematic mapping for first cycle.

3/26/1994 - First mapping cycle complete, start of second cycle

4/21/1994 - Second mapping cycle complete, begin special observations.

5/ 5/1994 - Leave Lunar Orbit

5/ 7/1994 - Clementine satellite suffered on-board malfunction that prevents planned close fly-by of the near-Earth asteroid Geographos

8/31/1994 - Planned Geographos Fly-by (not accomplished)

4. The Scientific Payload

UV-Visible Camera: The UV-Visible camera has a catadioptic telescope using fused silica lenses focusing onto a metachrome-coated CCD imager. Active wavelength response is limited on the short wavelength end by the transmission of fused silica and the optical blur of the lens. Wavelength response on the long end is limited by the response of the CCD. Six spectral bands can be selected from a filter wheel which is controlled through the same serial-addressable synchronous interface (SASI).

The Thomson focal plane array (FPA) used is a frame-transfer device, accomplishing electronic shuttering by rapidly shifting the active pixel area into the storage area, pausing for the (13-bit programmable) integration time, then rapidly shifting the captured image into a storage buffer from which the image is read out. Post-FPA electronics allow three gain states followed by 5 bits of offset that span 248 counts in the analog regime to augment the basic 8-bit A/D conversion. Gain is A/D digitization noise limited, so proper exposure is critical. Working against the day side of the Moon as a target, typical integration times were as short as several milliseconds in the lowest gain state (1000 electrons/bit) near sub-solar illumination points at the brighter spectral bands, increasing to 40 msec near the polar regions in the mid-gain setting for the weaker 415 and 1000 nm spectral bands. The UV-Visible Performance specifications are shown in Table 2.

Wide Field of View Star Trackers: The star tracker cameras have a concentric optics design with a fiber optic field flattener to couple the image surface to a CCD array. The CCD is kept cleared by continuously shifting lines and reading out pixels at the 5 MHz base rate, which is approximately 100 microseconds per line. Integration is accomplished by stopping this clearing process for the specific time (13-bit programmable), then proceeding with a second line-shifting operation into a readout buffer line and completing readout at 5 MHz. Camera electronics are identical to those of the UV-VIS camera, with the gain circuit resistors selected to be slightly more sensitive.

The primary function of the star tracker cameras was to provide stellar images that were processed against an onboard star catalog to find pointing, thus establishing absolute angular references for navigation. The scientific uses of the cameras were secondary. Only broad band operation was available. Owing to the line-transfer electronic shuttering, imaging was limited to dim targets such as the lunar surface illuminated by earth shine. System noise is about 1.0 bits rms at the highest sensitivity setting. The star tracker camera performance specifications are provided in Table 3.

High Resolution Imaging (HiRes) camera: The HiRes camera combines a lightweight beryllium telescope with an image intensifier-coupled frame transfer CCD imager. Image shuttering is accomplished through voltage gating of the image intensifier. Maximum integration time is 733 milliseconds in 10.67 microsecond increments. Spectral response is limited in the system by the S-2 photocathode between 0.4 and 0.8 microns. Five spectral bands can be selected from a filter wheel which is controlled through the same SASI interface. A sixth filter position is allocated to an opaque filter for the image intensifier's protection.

The post-FPA electronics circuitry is identical to that used in the UV-VIS camera. Images of the day side of the moon used intensifier gate times with relatively low gain settings on the order of 1 millisecond. Lifetime concerns about the photocathode and micro channel plates in the intensifier unit drove operational settings to low exposures. This resulted in photon shot noise significantly contributing to the overall noise in the HiRes sensor. The HiRes performance specifications are provided in Table 4.

Laser Rangefinder (LIDAR): The LIDAR unit shares the telescope of the HiRes camera, splitting the 1064 nm return signal from the NdYag source off to an avalanche photodiode (APD) detector with dichroic filter. The optics are non-imaging, providing an exit pupil through simple relay optics at the APD. The APD electronics includes a temperature compensation feature for the APD bias voltage and programmable thresholding of the output signal. The APD current is amplified and inverted to a voltage by a transimpedance amplifier with a gain of 230X, a low frequency cutoff of 3 MHz, and a high frequency cutoff of 23 MHz. The APD current is amplified, then discriminated for changes (increase) through 14 MHz discriminator. Voltage changes exceeding the programmed threshold are flagged as returns.

Range value is determined by the clock cycles since a laser output sampled start pulse is received. The clock counter has only 14 bits owing to the hardware availability limitations. In order to allow returns up to the 640 km maximum range required in the lunar mission, returns from the discriminator are binned 4 to a clock count, turning the 23 MHz response into a 40 meter height bin. Internal memory in the LIDAR unit saves up to 6 "returns" per laser firing, with up to 4 saved between programmable search range minimum/maximum values. Threshold is set for the best compromise between missed detection and false alarms.

The LIDAR components are summarized in Table 5.

Near Infrared Camera (NIR): The NIR camera uses a catadioptric lens with a 256x256 indium antimonide (InSb) FPA mechanically cooled to cryogenic temperature. The FPA operated at 70 plus-or-minus 0.5 K at the Moon and showed excellent stability over the more than 500 hours of operation in space. The lens design features all ZnSe refractive elements with a relay to provide an external pupil for 100% efficient cold shielding. This lens design was chosen for image quality and focus stability. Wavelength range was constrained by the optics and the InSb response to somewhat less that 1.0 to 5.5 microns. Six wavebands were selected by the NASA advisory committee, all falling well inside this range.

Camera electronic programmable variables allow 4 integration times, 5 bits of gain, and 8 bits of offset. Gain states are spaced approximately evenly from 0.5 to 36 factors of voltage multiplication. Offset is subtracted before gain is applied with 0 V to full well range that can be set in 1/255 full well increments. The NIR camera performance specifications are shown in Table 6.

Longwave Infrared Camera (LWIR): The LWIR camera uses a catadioptric lens with a 128 x 128 mercury cadmium telluride (HCT) FPA. The FPA was mechanically cooled to cryogenic temperatures during operation with a temperature set point goal of 65 K. The optics design incorporates an internal relay with 100% cold shield efficiency. Wavelength ranges was controlled by the cold filter to 8.0 to 9.5 microns.

Camera electronic design is virtually identical to the NIR camera, with a minor alteration in line readout to compensate for the difference in column count between the two arrays (256 for the NIR, 128 for the LWIR). The NIR and LWIR cameras also share a common cryocooler and dewar design, with minor modifications made to accommodate cold shield and cold filter differences. The LWIR Performance Specifications are shown in Table 7.

Table 2 UV/Visible Performance Specifications

Focal Plane Array:

Type Si Charge Coupled Device

Thomson TH7863-CRU-UV

Pixel format 288x384

Pixel size 23x23 microns

Readout rate 4MHz

Optics:

Clear aperture 46nm

Speed F/1.96

Imaging:

Wavelength 0.3 to 1.1 microns

Field of view 4.2 deg. x 5.6 deg.

Pixel IFOV 255 microradians

Point spread 1.1 to 1.5 pixels

Filters 415nm cw (plus-or-minus 20 nm bw)

750nm (plus-or-minus 5)

900nm (plus-or-minus 10)

950nm (plus-or-minus 15)

1000nm (plus-or-minus 15)

400 to 950 broad band

Camera Electronics:

A/D resolution 8 bits

Frame rate 10 Hz

Readout time 27.4 ms

Integration time 0.2-733 ms

Digitization gain 150,350,1000 electrons/count

Offset control 248 gray levels

Power 4.5 W

Mechanical:

Mass 410 grams

Envelope 15.5cm x 11.7 cm x 10.4 cm

Common Module Filter Wheel System:

Type 6 position, 90 deg. stepper motor driven,

Hall effect position sensors

Step and Settle time < 250ms

Position repeatability < 10mr

Power 0.15 W quiescent, 11.0 W stepping

Table 3 Star Tracker Performance Specifications

Focal Plane Array:

Type Si Charge Coupled Device

Thomson TH7863

Pixel format 576x384

Pixel size 23x23 microns

Readout rate 5MHz

Optics:

Clear aperture 14nm

Speed F/1.3

Imaging:

Wavelength 0.5 to 1.1 microns

Field of view 43 deg. x 28 deg.

Pixel IFOV 1.3 microradians

Point spread 2 pixels

Camera Electronics:

A/D resolution 8 bits

Readout time 54.8 ms

Integration time 0.2-733 ms

Digitization gain 75, 150, 350 electrons/count

Offset control 248 gray levels

Power 4.5 W

Mechanical:

Mass 290 grams

Envelope 11.7 cm x 11.7 cm x 13.2 cm

Table 4 HiRes Imaging Receiver Performance Specifications

Focal Plane Array:

See UV/Visible specifications in Table 1, except arrays are not UV

enhanced.

Optics:

Clear aperture 131 nm

Speed F/9.5

Imaging:

Wavelength 0.4 to 0.8 microns

Field of view 0.4 deg. x 0.3 deg.

Pixel IFOV 18 microradians

Point spread 4 pixels

Filters 415 nm cw (plus-or-minus 20 nm bw)

560 nm cw (plus-or-minus 5)

650 nm cw (plus-or-minus 5)

750 nm cw (plus-or-minus 10)

400 to 800 nm broad band

Image intensifier:

Image intensifier module General Atomics 0131-Z12-2-009

Useful photocathode diameter 12 mm

Luminous gain 1000 fL/fC

Limiting resolution 40 lp/mm

Gain control 8 bits

Camera Electronics:

See UV/Visible specifications in Table 1

Power 9.5 W

Mechanical:

Mass 1120 grams

Envelope 17.0 cm x 18.1 cm x 36.4 cm

Table 5 LIDAR Components

Detector:

Type Si APD C30954E, 0.4 to 1.1 micron

Pixel format single APD

Pixel size 0.5 mm2

Pixel FOV 1.0 mrad diameter

APD gain 100 X nominal

Transimpedance amplifier 230 X gain; 3 MHz to 23 MHz response

Optics:

Shared path wit HiRes Camera. Dichroic beamsplitter. Exit pupil matched

to APD. Mass and envelope included in HiRes description.

Camera Electronics:

Range Resolution 40 meter

Detection signal derivative

Detection criteria programmable threshold (8 bits)

Laser Transmitter:

Wavelengths 532 nm/1064 nm

Pulse energy 171 mJ @ 1064, 9 mJ @ 532 nm

Pulse width < 10ns

Beam divergence < 500 mrad @ 064 nm, 4 mrad @ 532 nm

Shot profile Continuous @ 1 Hz, 400 shots @ 8 Hz

Laser Transmitter Optics:

Type 5X Galilean-type telescope

Clear Aperture 38 mm exit diameter

Start pulse detector Analog Modules, Inc. Model 754

Pockels cell driver Analog Modules, Inc. Model 824

Laser diode heater Minco Kapton film resistance type; 16C to 18C

Power 6.8 W at 1 Hz; 2.6 W quiescent

Laser Transmitter Mechanical:

Mass 635 grams laser head; 615 grams power supply

Envelope 13.3 cm x 15.2 cm x 3.9 cm high (power supply)

Table 6 NIR Performance Specifications

Focal Plane Array:

Type Amber PV InSb

Pixel format 256x256

Pixel size 38x38 microns

Non-operable pixels < 0.5%

FPA operating temp. 70 K

FPA well capacity 11.7 million electrons

Optics:

Clear aperture 29nm

Effective focal length 96 mm

Cold stop F/3.33, 6.0 mm diameter

Cold shield efficiency 100%

Imaging:

Field of view 5.6 deg. x 5.6 deg.

Pixel IFOV 400 x 400 microrad

Point spread > 50% energy in 30 micrometer slit

Filters 1100 nm (plus-or-minus 30 nm)

1250 nm (plus-or-minus 30 nm)

1500 nm (plus-or-minus 30 nm)

2000 nm (plus-or-minus 30 nm)

2600 nm (plus-or-minus 30 nm)

2690 nm (plus-or-minus 60 nm)

Camera Electronics:

A/D resolution 8 bits

Frame rate 7.1 Hz (single frame mode)

Integration times 11, 33, 57, and 95 ms

Digitization gain 0.5 to 36 X voltage multiplication

Offset control 8 bits

Power 13.0 W

Cryocooler:

Type Ricor K506B integral Stirling with

H-10 FPA temperature closed-loop

control electronics

Avg. power 11.0 W steady-state

Mechanical:

Mass 1920 grams

Envelope 10.4 cm x 11.5 cm x 36.5 cm long

Table 7 LWIR Performance Specifications

Focal Plane Array:

Type Amber PV HgCdTe

Pixel format 128x128

Pixel size 50x50 microns

Non-operable pixels < 5%

FPA operating temp. 65 K nominal

FPA well capacity 42 million electrons

Optics:

Equivalent clear aperture 29nm

Effective focal length 96 mm

Cold stop F/2.67, 7.47 mm diameter

Cold shield efficiency 100%

Imaging:

Field of view 1 deg. x 1 deg.

Pixel IFOV 143 x 143 microrad

Point spread > 60% energy in 79 micrometer slit

Camera Electronics:

A/D resolution 8 bits

Frame rate 52.9 Hz (single frame mode)

Pixel rate 500kHz

Integration times 0.115, 0.92, 2.30, and 4.60 ms

Digitization gain 0.5 to 36 X voltage multiplication

Offset control 8 bits

Power 13.0 W

Cryocooler:

See NIR cryocooler specifications in Table 5.

Mechanical:

Mass 2100 grams

Envelope 14.7 cm diameter x 36.1 cm long

Calibration Data:

Extensive pre-flight calibration data were acquired using an automated calibration facility at LLNL. In a typical calibration configuration, a sensor was mounted inside an environmental chamber whose temperature was set from -20 to 20 deg. C which were the expected operating temperatures for the mission. Depending on the measurement types, the sensors saw either a flat diffused light source or an off-axis collimator with various pinholes as the point source. A custom board controlled the sensor parameters from the host computers; the video signal was acquired using a commercial image processor. During data acquisition many thermal parameters such as FPA and chamber temperatures were monitored and recorded as part of the image structure. All calibration processes were fully automated enabling rapid data acquisition and minimization of operator error. Pre-flight calibration attempted to cover similar light levels expected from the lunar surface and spanning the same camera settings required for the lunar mapping phase.

The pre-flight calibration measurements included radiometric sensitivity; FPA uniformity; gain and offset scale factors; temporal/spatial noise; dark noise dependence on FPA temperatures, integration times or input voltage levels, spectral response of FPA; optical distortion map; point spread function; electronic warm-up time and cryocooler cool down time. For the thermally sensitive sensors such as LWIR camera, the noise measurement was performed using a vacuum chamber to simulate the space thermal environment.

Many pre-flight calibration coefficients were applied to lunar data showing reasonable agreement with expected performance. In-flight calibration data will allow minor corrections for vacuum flight condition and sensor degradation over mission lifetime to be added to the pre-flight calibration results. The final calibration is expected to be better than 5%.

Data Compression:

Data compression was done onboard using the CNES compression chip. The processing was performed on a completed, framed image prior to storage on the solid state data recorder (SSDR) when the appropriate compression flag is set.

The compression chip developed by MATRA under CNES specifications is used in two modes, which could be selected via a software uplink command. The first mode optimized rms error for a nominal compression. The second (JPEG) provided visual optimization at a fixed compression rate. In the first mode, blocks of 8x8 pixel 8-bit data are transformed to a best fit cosine series expansion in the orthogonal row and column directions. This algorithm tends to preserve high frequency information with less data loss than does JPEG at the same compression ratio for the lunar data. Total signal from the 8x8 block is preserved exactly. The nominal amount of compression was set by limiting the scene error induced by compression to a fraction of the camera's temporal noises.

Analysis of lunar images during the first part of the mission showed that the quantization matrix used by the chip was optimum for the imaging cameras. The HiRes camera, however, was operated in JPEG mode. The high frequency information in the HiRes scenes was spurious (it was caused by gain non-uniformity of the intensifier tube); eliminating high frequency content allowed higher compression without harming the information content of the scenes. The average compression rate for all images obtained during the mission was 5.5.

5. Lunar Orbital Dynamics

Based on the characteristics of the baseline sensor complement, the mapping of 100% of the lunar surface was done in two lunar days (two Earth months). During the nominal two month mapping mission, the required image overlap for the UV/VIS and NIR cameras was ~15% in the down track and ~10% in the cross track directions. This required that the periselene of the lunar orbit be maintained at an altitude of 425 plus-or-minus 25 km. In order to image 100% percent of the moon's surface during the two months, the spacecraft was required to be in a polar orbit. This requirement was satisfied with the inclination of the orbit at 90 degrees plus-or-minus 1 degree with reference to the lunar equator. To provide the necessary separation for the alternating imaging strips to cover the entire surface of the moon during the two months, the orbital period was approximately 5 hours. During this orbital period the moon rotated approximately 2.7 degrees beneath the spacecraft. The orbit also was a sufficiently long period to allow the transmission to Earth of data collected during the imaging phase of each orbit.

During the lunar mapping phase of the mission, there were four separate observational periods. The first, orbits 1-31, was a shakedown and testing period where the spacecraft observation sequences were tested and refined. Observations of special targets, such as Apollo landing sites, were additionally acquired during this period. The second period, orbits 32-168, was the first month's systematic mapping with periselene in the southern hemisphere. The third period, orbits 169-297, was the second month's systematic mapping with periselene at the northern hemisphere. In the fourth period, orbits 298-348, periselene remained in the northern hemisphere. In this period, observations were made to cover gaps in coverage, acquire observations of special targets, acquire stereo observations over Orientale Basin, and obtain calibration data. Clementine left lunar orbit soon after orbit 348.

The best data for lunar mineral mapping is obtained if the solar phase angle is less than 30 degrees. The solar phase angle is defined as the angle between the vector to the Sun and the vector to the spacecraft from a point on the Moon's surface. To maximize the time period in which the solar phase angle is within 30 degrees, the plane of the lunar orbit should contain the Moon-Sun line half way through the two-month lunar mapping period. Therefore, insertion into the lunar orbit was selected so that, as the Moon-Sun line changes with Earth's motion about the Sun, the Moon-Sun line will initially close on the orbital plane, and then lie in the orbital plane half-way through the mapping mission. The angle between the Moon-Sun line and the orbital plane was close for approximately five weeks before becoming zero. Table 8 contains a list of Clementine's orbital parameters

Table 8 Clementine Orbital Parameters

Orbital Period: 4.970 hr < P < 5.003 hr

Radius of Periselene: 2138 km < radius < 2188 km

Eccentricity: 0.35821 < e < 0.37567

Right Ascension: -3 deg < Omega <+3 deg (J2000)

Inclination: 89 deg < i < 91 deg

Periselene: -28.4 deg < w < -27.9 deg (1st month)

29.6 deg < w < 29.2 deg (2nd month)

Orbit determination and monitoring was done on a continuous basis throughout the lunar pre-mapping phase. The gravitational potential field of the moon has not been fully mapped, and large lunar mass concentrations may have had a significant perturbation effect on the orbit. Maintenance burns were required to maintain the orbit within the required envelope. The number of these burns was minimized to avoid unnecessary disruptions to the systematic mapping. To this end, any required periapsis burns were performed away from periselene in the direction of the near pole.

Attitude measurement accuracy was necessary to determine spacecraft pointing to within 0.03 degree, 0.5 milliradians. This accuracy was achieved in real-time, in darkness or sunlight throughout the lunar mapping phase. The spacecraft was three-axis stabilized and capable of autonomous, open loop inertial pointing with an accuracy of 0.05 degree, 0.87 milliradian, or better. This accuracy was required to support use of the high resolution camera because of its narrow field of view for imaging selected target sites during the lunar mapping mission.

The spacecraft was able to execute controlled, relative pointing motion about a pointing vector for scanning across targets. The relative pointing was capable of controlled motion of 75 microradians.

During lunar imaging, the spacecraft had to maintain a NADIR pointing attitude. This required a greater than 180 degree rotation over the approximately 1.5-2.0 hour period during each lunar orbit. The spacecraft was also required to maintain an angular bias about the X-axis from NADIR to permit an imaging groundtrack parallel but offset from the NADIR groundtrack.

The spacecraft was required to point to the Earth center, and to a specified tracking station site on the Earth, for the dumping of data using the high-gain directional antenna.

To help accomplish attitude determination, the spacecraft had two inertial measurement units (IMU) and two star trackers. Because of a solar exclusion angle constraint, one of the two star trackers had to be covered during lunar orbit. To meet the aforementioned pointing requirements, during lunar orbit a star tracker image was processed and the spacecraft attitude knowledge was updated at 10 second intervals or less.

6. Initial Scientific Results

Over the course of 71 days in lunar orbit, Clementine systematically mapped the 38 million square kilometers of the Moon in eleven colors in the visible and near infrared parts of the spectrum (nearly 1,000,000 images). In addition, the spacecraft took 620,000 high resolution and about 320,000 mid-infrared thermal images, mapped the topography of the moon with a laser ranging experiment, improved our knowledge of the surface gravity field of the Moon through radio tracking, and carried a charged particle telescope to characterize the solar and magnetospheric energetic particle environment. All sensors on the spacecraft met or exceeded expectations of their performance. The first global color view of the Moon was acquired, major compositional provinces were identified, and geology and composition details were mapped.

The images from Clementine constitute the first color global digital data set of the Moon. The NASA Science Team advised the project on the selection of color filters for the two principal mapping cameras: the UV/Visible camera and the NIR camera. The color of the Moon in the visible to near-infrared part of the spectrum is sensitive to variations in both the composition of the surface material and the amount of time material has been exposed to space. The Clementine filters were selected to characterize the broad lunar continuum and to sample parts of the spectrum that are known to contain absorption bands diagnostic of iron-bearing minerals and plagioclase feldspar, the dominant mineral constituents of the lunar crust. By combining information obtained through several filters, multispectral image data are being used to map the distribution of rock and soil types on the Moon.

Clementine was successful in systematically mapping the Moon in these 11 colors at an average surface resolution of about 200 meters per pixel. The initial examination of the data attests to its excellent quality.

APPENDIX I - Lunar Orbit Time Line

The table shown below provides a timeline for each Clementine lunar orbit. The table shows the orbit number (ORB), Day of Year (DOY), Date, UTC, Longitude of orbit at the equator (LONG), and altitude at periapsis (ALT).

_{ORB  DOY  DATE UTC  LONG  ALT}

1 50 02/19/94 20:25:0 103.5 401.8

2 51 02/20/94 04:19:2 99.2  402.2

3 51 02/20/94 12:13:3 94.8  402.3

4 51 02/20/94 20:04:4 90.5 401.6

5 52 02/21/94 03:56:0 86.2 401.5

6 52 02/21/94 11:47:1 81.9 401.5

7 52 02/21/94 16:46:0 79.2 396.6

8 52 02/21/94 21:44:5 76.4 396.6

9 53 02/22/94 02:43:4 73.7 396.6

10 53 02/22/94 07:42:4 71.0 396.6

11 53 02/22/94 12:41:3 68.2 382.5

12 53 02/22/94 17:39:5 65.5 382.6

13 53 02/22/94 22:38:2 62.8 382.7

14 54 02/23/94 03:36:4 60.0 382.9

15 54 02/23/94 08:35:0 57.3 383.2

16 54 02/23/94 13:33:3 54.6 383.6

17 54 02/23/94 18:31:5 51.8 384.0

18 54 02/23/94 23:30:2 49.1 384.5

19 55 02/24/94 04:28:4 46.3 385.1

20 55 02/24/94 09:27:0 43.6 385.8

21 55 02/24/94 14:25:3 40.9 386.5

22 55 02/24/94 19:23:5 38.1 387.4

23 56 02/25/94 00:22:2 35.4 388.4

24 56 02/25/94 05:20:4 32.7 389.5

25 56 02/25/94 10:19:1 29.9 390.7

26 56 02/25/94 15:17:3 27.2 391.9

27 56 02/25/94 20:15:5 24.5 393.3

28 57 02/26/94 01:14:2 21.7 394.8

29 57 02/26/94 06:12:4 19.0 396.3

30 57 02/26/94 11:11:1 16.3 398.0

31 57 02/26/94 16:09:3 13.5 399.7

START OF SYSTEMATIC MAPPING

32 57 02/26/94 21:08:0 10.8 401.5

33 58 02/27/94 02:06:2 8.1 403.2

34 58 02/27/94 07:04:5 5.3 405.1

35 58 02/27/94 12:03:1 2.6 406.9

36 58 02/27/94 17:01:4 359.9 408.7

37 58 02/27/94 22:00:0 357.2 410.5

38 59 02/28/94 02:58:3 354.4 412.3

39 59 02/28/94 07:57:0 351.7 414.1

40 59 02/28/94 12:55:2 349.0 415.8

41 59 02/28/94 17:53:5 346.2 417.5

42 59 02/28/94 22:52:1 343.5 419.2

43 60 03/01/94 03:50:4 340.8 420.8

44 60 03/01/94 08:49:0 338.1 422.3

45 60 03/01/94 13:47:3 335.3 423.7

46 60 03/01/94 18:45:5 332.6 425.0

47 60 03/01/94 23:44:2 329.9 426.3

48 61 03/02/94 04:42:4 327.2 427.4

49 61 03/02/94 09:41:1 324.4 428.4

50 61 03/02/94 14:39:3 321.7 429.4

51 61 03/02/94 19:37:5 319.0 430.2

52 62 03/03/94 00:36:2 316.2 430.9

53 62 03/03/94 05:34:4 313.5 431.5

54 62 03/03/94 10:33:1 310.8 432.0

55 62 03/03/94 15:31:3 308.1 432.4

56 62 03/03/94 20:30:0 305.3 432.8

57 63 03/04/94 01:28:2 302.6 433.0

58 63 03/04/94 06:26:4 299.9 433.2

59 63 03/04/94 11:25:1 297.2 433.3

60 63 03/04/94 16:23:3 294.4 433.4

61 63 03/04/94 21:21:5 291.7 433.4

62 64 03/05/94 02:20:2 289.0 433.4

63 64 03/05/94 07:18:4 286.2 433.3

64 64 03/05/94 12:17:0 283.5 433.3

65 64 03/05/94 17:15:3 280.8 433.2

66 64 03/05/94 22:13:5 278.1 433.1

67 65 03/06/94 03:12:1 275.3 433.0

68 65 03/06/94 08:10:4 272.6 432.9

69 65 03/06/94 13:09:0 269.9 432.8

70 65 03/06/94 18:07:2 267.2 432.8

71 65 03/06/94 23:05:5 264.4 432.7

72 66 03/07/94 04:04:1 261.7 432.7

73 66 03/07/94 09:02:4 259.0 432.8

74 66 03/07/94 14:01:0 256.2 432.9

75 66 03/07/94 18:59:2 253.5 433.0

76 66 03/07/94 23:57:5 250.8 433.2

77 67 03/08/94 04:56:1 248.1 433.4

78 67 03/08/94 09:54:4 245.3 433.8

79 67 03/08/94 14:53:0 242.6 434.1

80 67 03/08/94 19:51:3 239.9 434.6

81 68 03/09/94 00:49:5 237.2 435.1

82 68 03/09/94 05:48:1 234.4 435.6

83 68 03/09/94 10:46:4 231.7 436.3

84 68 03/09/94 15:45:0 229.0 437.0

85 68 03/09/94 20:43:3 226.3 437.7

86 69 03/10/94 01:41:5 223.5 438.6

87 69 03/10/94 06:40:2 220.8 439.5

88 69 03/10/94 11:38:4 218.1 440.4

89 69 03/10/94 16:37:1 215.3 441.5

90 69 03/10/94 21:35:3 212.6 442.6

91 70 03/11/94 02:34:0 209.9 443.7

92 70 03/11/94 07:32:2 207.1 444.9

93 70 03/11/94 12:30:5 204.4 446.1

94 70 03/11/94 17:32:1 201.7 401.4

95 70 03/11/94 22:30:3 198.9 402.7

96 71 03/12/94 03:29:0 196.2 404.0

97 71 03/12/94 08:27:2 193.5 405.3

98 71 03/12/94 13:25:4 190.7 406.7

99 71 03/12/94 18:24:0 188.0 408.0

100 71 03/12/94 23:22:3 185.3 409.3

101 72 03/13/94 04:20:5 182.5 410.6

102 72 03/13/94 09:19:1 179.8 411.8

103 72 03/13/94 14:17:4 177.1 413.1

104 72 03/13/94 19:16:0 174.3 414.3

105 73 03/14/94 00:14:2 171.6 415.5

106 73 03/14/94 05:12:5 168.9 416.7

107 73 03/14/94 10:11:1 166.1 417.8

108 73 03/14/94 15:09:3 163.4 418.9

109 73 03/14/94 20:07:5 160.7 420.0

110 74 03/15/94 01:06:2 157.9 421.0

111 74 03/15/94 06:04:4 155.2 422.0

112 74 03/15/94 11:03:0 152.5 422.9

113 74 03/15/94 16:01:3 149.7 423.8

114 74 03/15/94 20:59:5 147.0 424.7

115 75 03/16/94 01:58:1 144.3 425.5

116 75 03/16/94 06:56:3 141.6 426.3

117 75 03/16/94 11:55:0 138.8 427.0

118 75 03/16/94 16:53:2 136.1 427.7

119 75 03/16/94 21:51:4 133.4 428.3

120 76 03/17/94 02:50:0 130.6 428.9

121 76 03/17/94 07:48:2 127.9 429.4

122 76 03/17/94 12:46:5 125.2 429.8

123 76 03/17/94 17:45:1 122.5 430.2

124 76 03/17/94 22:43:3 119.7 430.6

125 77 03/18/94 03:41:5 117.0 430.9

126 77 03/18/94 08:40:1 114.3 431.1

127 77 03/18/94 13:38:4 111.5 431.3

128 77 03/18/94 18:37:0 108.8 431.4

129 77 03/18/94 23:35:2 106.1 431.5

130 78 03/19/94 04:33:4 103.4 431.6

131 78 03/19/94 09:32:0 100.6 431.6

132 78 03/19/94 14:30:3 97.9 431.6

133 78 03/19/94 19:28:5 95.2 431.5

134 79 03/20/94 00:27:1 92.4 431.5

135 79 03/20/94 05:25:3 89.7 431.4

136 79 03/20/94 10:23:5 87.0 431.3

137 79 03/20/94 15:22:1 84.3 431.3

138 79 03/20/94 20:20:3 81.5 431.2

139 80 03/21/94 01:19:0 78.8 431.1

140 80 03/21/94 06:17:2 76.1 431.1

141 80 03/21/94 11:15:4 73.3 431.0

142 80 03/21/94 16:14:0 70.6 431.0

143 80 03/21/94 21:12:2 67.9 431.1

144 81 03/22/94 02:10:4 65.1 431.2

145 81 03/22/94 07:09:0 62.4 431.3

146 81 03/22/94 12:07:3 59.7 431.5

147 81 03/22/94 17:05:5 56.9 431.7

148 81 03/22/94 22:04:1 54.2 432.0

149 82 03/23/94 03:02:3 51.5 432.4

150 82 03/23/94 08:00:5 48.7 432.8

151 82 03/23/94 12:59:1 46.0 433.4

152 82 03/23/94 17:57:3 43.3 434.0

153 82 03/23/94 22:56:0 40.5 434.7

154 83 03/24/94 03:54:2 37.8 435.5

155 83 03/24/94 08:52:4 35.1 436.4

156 83 03/24/94 13:51:0 32.3 437.4

157 83 03/24/94 18:49:2 29.6 438.5

158 83 03/24/94 23:47:5 26.9 439.8

159 84 03/25/94 04:46:1 24.1 441.1

160 84 03/25/94 09:44:3 21.4 442.5

161 84 03/25/94 14:42:5 18.7 444.0

162 84 03/25/94 19:41:2 15.9 445.6

163 85 03/26/94 00:39:4 13.2 447.2

164 85 03/26/94 06:36:5 11.3 1007.9

165 85 03/26/94 13:00:1 9.5 449.8

166 85 03/26/94 17:59:0 6.8 448.6

167 85 03/26/94 22:58:0 4.0 447.3

168 86 03/27/94 03:56:5 1.3 446.0

169 86 03/27/94 08:55:5 358.6 444.7

170 86 03/27/94 13:54:5 355.8 443.3

171 86 03/27/94 18:53:4 353.2 447.8

172 86 03/27/94 23:52:1 350.4 446.4

173 86 03/28/94 04:50:4 347.7 445.1

174 87 03/28/94 09:49:1 345.0 443.8

175 87 03/28/94 14:47:4 342.2 442.5

176 87 03/28/94 19:46:1 339.5 441.3

177 87 03/29/94 00:44:3 336.8 440.0

178 88 03/29/94 05:43:0 334.0 438.9

179 88 03/29/94 10:41:3 331.3 437.8

180 88 03/29/94 15:40:0 328.5 436.7

181 88 03/29/94 20:38:3 325.8 435.7

182 88 03/30/94 01:36:5 323.1 434.8

183 89 03/30/94 06:35:2 320.3 434.0

184 89 03/30/94 11:33:5 317.6 433.2

185 89 03/30/94 16:32:1 314.8 432.5

186 89 03/30/94 21:30:4 312.1 431.9

187 89 03/31/94 02:29:1 309.4 431.3

188 90 03/31/94 07:27:4 306.6 430.8

189 90 03/31/94 12:26:0 303.9 430.4

190 90 03/31/94 17:24:3 301.1 430.1

191 90 03/31/94 22:22:5 298.4 429.8

192 90 04/01/94 03:21:2 295.7 429.5

193 91 04/01/94 08:19:5 292.9 429.3

194 91 04/01/94 13:18:1 290.2 429.2

195 91 04/01/94 18:16:4 287.5 429.0

196 91 04/01/94 23:15:0 284.7 428.9

197 91 04/02/94 04:13:3 282.0 428.8

198 92 04/02/94 09:11:5 279.3 428.8

199 92 04/02/94 14:10:2 276.5 428.7

200 92 04/02/94 19:08:5 273.8 428.7

201 92 04/03/94 00:07:1 271.1 428.6

202 93 04/03/94 05:05:4 268.4 428.6

203 93 04/03/94 10:04:0 265.6 428.5

204 93 04/03/94 15:02:3 262.9 428.4

205 93 04/03/94 20:01:0 260.2 428.3

206 93 04/04/94 00:59:2 257.5 428.1

207 94 04/04/94 05:57:5 254.7 428.0

208 94 04/04/94 10:56:2 252.0 427.7

209 94 04/04/94 15:54:4 249.3 427.5

210 94 04/04/94 20:53:1 246.6 427.2

211 94 04/05/94 01:51:4 243.8 426.9

212 95 04/05/94 06:50:0 241.1 426.6

213 95 04/05/94 11:48:3 238.4 426.2

214 95 04/05/94 16:47:0 235.7 425.8

215 95 04/05/94 21:45:2 232.9 425.4

216 95 04/06/94 02:43:5 230.2 425.0

217 96 04/06/94 07:42:2 227.5 424.5

218 96 04/06/94 12:40:5 224.8 424.0

219 96 04/06/94 17:39:1 222.0 423.4

220 96 04/06/94 22:37:4 219.3 422.8

221 96 04/07/94 03:36:1 216.6 422.2

222 97 04/07/94 08:34:4 213.9 421.5

223 97 04/07/94 13:33:0 211.1 420.8

224 97 04/07/94 18:31:3 208.4 420.1

225 97 04/07/94 23:30:0 205.7 419.4

226 97 04/08/94 04:28:3 203.0 418.6

227 98 04/08/94 09:26:5 200.2 417.9

228 98 04/08/94 14:25:2 197.5 417.0

229 98 04/08/94 19:23:5 194.8 416.2

230 98 04/09/94 00:22:2 192.1 415.4

231 99 04/09/94 05:20:5 189.3 414.6

232 99 04/09/94 10:19:1 186.6 413.7

233 99 04/09/94 15:17:4 183.9 412.8

234 99 04/09/94 20:16:1 181.1 412.0

235 99 04/10/94 01:14:4 178.4 411.1

236 100 04/10/94 06:13:1 175.7 410.3

237 100 04/10/94 11:11:4 172.9 409.4

238 100 04/10/94 16:10:0 170.2 408.6

239 100 04/10/94 21:08:3 167.5 407.7

240 100 04/11/94 02:07:0 164.7 406.9

241 101 04/11/94 07:05:3 162.0 427.7

242 101 04/11/94 12:04:0 159.3 426.9

243 101 04/11/94 17:02:3 156.5 426.1

244 101 04/11/94 22:01:0 153.8 425.2

245 101 04/12/94 02:59:3 151.1 424.4

246 102 04/12/94 07:58:0 148.3 423.6

247 102 04/12/94 12:56:3 145.6 422.8

248 102 04/12/94 17:55:0 142.9 422.0

249 102 04/12/94 22:53:3 140.1 421.3

250 102 04/13/94 03:52:0 137.4 420.5

251 103 04/13/94 08:50:3 134.7 419.9

252 103 04/13/94 13:49:0 131.9 419.2

253 103 04/13/94 18:47:2 129.2 418.6

254 103 04/13/94 23:45:5 126.5 418.1

255 103 04/14/94 04:44:2 123.7 417.5

256 104 04/14/94 09:42:5 121.0 417.1

257 104 04/14/94 14:41:2 118.3 416.6

258 104 04/14/94 19:39:5 115.5 416.3

259 105 04/15/94 00:38:1 112.8 415.9

260 105 04/15/94 05:36:4 110.1 415.6

261 105 04/15/94 10:35:1 107.3 415.3

262 105 04/15/94 15:33:4 104.6 415.1

263 105 04/15/94 20:32:1 101.9 414.9

264 106 04/16/94 01:30:4 99.1 414.7

265 106 04/16/94 06:29:1 96.4 414.6

266 106 04/16/94 11:27:3 93.7 414.5

267 106 04/16/94 16:26:0 90.9 414.4

268 106 04/16/94 21:24:3 88.2 414.3

269 107 04/17/94 02:23:0 85.5 414.2

270 107 04/17/94 07:21:3 82.8 414.2

271 107 04/17/94 12:19:5 80.0 414.1

272 107 04/17/94 17:18:2 77.3 414.1

273 107 04/17/94 22:16:5 74.6 414.1

274 108 04/18/94 03:15:2 71.9 414.0

275 108 04/18/94 08:13:4 69.1 414.0

276 108 04/18/94 13:12:1 66.4 413.9

277 108 04/18/94 18:10:4 63.7 413.9

278 108 04/18/94 23:09:1 61.0 413.8

279 109 04/19/94 04:07:3 58.2 413.6

280 109 04/19/94 09:06:0 55.5 413.5

281 109 04/19/94 14:04:3 52.8 413.3

282 109 04/19/94 19:03:0 50.1 413.1

283 110 04/20/94 00:01:3 47.3 412.8

284 110 04/20/94 04:59:5 44.6 412.4

285 110 04/20/94 09:58:2 41.9 412.0

286 110 04/20/94 14:56:5 39.2 411.6

287 110 04/20/94 19:55:2 36.4 411.1

288 111 04/21/94 00:53:5 33.7 410.5

289 111 04/21/94 05:52:2 31.0 409.8

290 111 04/21/94 10:50:5 28.3 409.1

291 111 04/21/94 15:49:1 25.6 408.3

292 111 04/21/94 20:47:4 22.8 407.4

293 112 04/22/94 01:46:1 20.1 406.5

294 112 04/22/94 06:44:4 17.4 405.5

295 112 04/22/94 11:43:1 14.7 404.4

296 112 04/22/94 16:41:4 11.9 403.2

297 112 04/22/94 21:40:1 9.2 402.0

START OF POST-MAPPING ACTIVITIES

298 113 04/23/94 02:38:4 6.5 400.8

299 113 04/23/94 07:37:1 3.7 399.5

300 113 04/23/94 12:35:4 1.0 398.2

301 113 04/23/94 17:34:1 358.3 396.8

302 113 04/23/94 22:32:5 355.6 395.4

303 114 04/24/94 03:31:2 352.8 394.0

304 114 04/24/94 08:29:5 350.1 392.6

305 114 04/24/94 13:28:2 347.4 391.2

306 114 04/24/94 18:26:5 344.6 389.8

307 114 04/24/94 23:25:2 341.9 388.4

308 115 04/25/94 04:23:5 339.2 387.1

309 115 04/25/94 09:22:2 336.4 385.8

310 115 04/25/94 14:20:5 333.7 384.5

311 115 04/25/94 19:19:2 330.9 383.3

312 116 04/26/94 00:17:5 328.2 382.1

313 116 04/26/94 05:16:2 325.5 381.0

314 116 04/26/94 10:14:5 322.7 380.0

315 116 04/26/94 15:13:2 320.0 379.0

316 116 04/26/94 20:11:5 317.2 378.1

317 117 04/27/94 01:10:2 314.5 377.4

318 117 04/27/94 06:08:4 311.8 376.7

319 117 04/27/94 11:07:1 309.0 376.0

320 117 04/27/94 16:05:4 306.3 375.5

321 117 04/27/94 21:04:1 303.5 375.0

322 118 04/28/94 02:02:4 300.8 374.6

323 118 04/28/94 07:01:1 298.1 374.3

324 118 04/28/94 11:59:3 295.3 374.0

325 118 04/28/94 16:58:0 292.6 373.8

326 118 04/28/94 21:56:3 289.9 373.6

327 119 04/29/94 02:55:0 287.1 373.5

328 119 04/29/94 07:53:2 284.4 373.3

329 119 04/29/94 12:51:5 281.7 373.3

330 119 04/29/94 17:50:2 278.9 373.2

331 119 04/29/94 22:48:4 276.2 373.1

332 120 04/30/94 03:47:1 273.5 373.1

333 120 04/30/94 08:45:4 270.7 373.0

334 120 04/30/94 13:44:1 268.0 373.0

335 120 04/30/94 18:42:3 265.3 372.9

336 120 04/30/94 23:41:0 262.6 372.8

337 121 05/01/94 04:39:3 259.8 372.7

338 121 05/01/94 09:38:0 257.1 372.6

339 121 05/01/94 14:36:2 254.4 372.4

340 121 05/01/94 19:34:5 251.7 372.2

341 122 05/02/94 00:33:2 248.9 371.9

342 122 05/02/94 05:31:5 246.2 371.6

343 122 05/02/94 10:30:2 243.5 371.2

344 122 05/02/94 15:28:5 240.8 370.9

345 122 05/02/94 20:27:2 238.0 370.5

346 123 05/03/94 01:25:4 235.3 370.1

347 123 05/03/94 06:24:1 232.6 369.6

348 123 05/03/94 11:22:4 229.9 369.1

349 123 05/03/94 16:21:1 227.2 368.5

350 123 05/03/94 21:19:4 224.4 367.9