Loops, knots, gauge theories and quantum gravity Rodolfo Gambini and Jorge Pullin ; foreword by Abhay Ashtekar. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Cambridge monographs on mathematical physics ISBN 0-521-47332-2 (hc) 

Cravens D.L., "Electric Propulsion Study", Prepared for the Astronautics Laboratory, Air Force Space Technology Center, at Edwards AFB. August 1990. AL-TR-89-040 

Mead F.B. Jr, et al, Advanced Propulsion Concepts - Project Outgrowth, AFRPL-TR-72-31, (JUN 1972). 

Mead F.B. Jr, "Exotic Concepts for Future Propulsion and Space Travel", In Advanced Propulsion Concepts, 1989 JPM Specialist Session, (JANNAF) Chemical Propulsion Information Agency, CPIA Publication 528, p.93-99, (May 24, 1989). 

Talley R.L, "Twenty First Century Propulsion Concept", Veritay Technology Inc, East Amherst NY. Prepared for the Phillips Laboratory, Air Force Systems Command, Propulsion Directorate, Edwards AFB. May 1991. PL-TR-91-3009 

Talley R.L., 21st Century Propulsion Concept, AFAL-TR-88-031, Apr 88. 

Talley R.L., Final report on NYS contract no. (88)-166 of NYS Science and Technology Foundation with Veritay Technology, Inc., P.O. Box 305, East Amherst NY 14051. 

Forward R.L., 21st Century Space Propulsion Study, AL-TR-90-030, Final Report on Contract FO4611-87-C-0029, Air Force Astronautics Lab (AFSC), (Oct 1990). --AND-- Forward,R.L., 21st Century Space Propulsion Study (Addendum), PL-TR-91-3022, Final (Addendum), OLAC Phillips Lab, formally known as Air Force Astronautics Lab (AFSC), (June 1991).

Electric Propulsion Study by Dennis L. Cravens: 
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 
PREFACE ..................................................................... 1 
I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 2 
   1.1 Background and Theoretical Developments ............ 4 
   1.2 Measurement ......................................................... 6 
   1.3 Force Fields .......................................................... 8 
   1.4 Chirality - Odd Number Space-Like Dimensions .. 11 

II. THEORIES .......................................... 13 
   2.1 Introduction .................................. 13 
   2.2 General Framework of Theory ................... 14 
      2.2.1 Born - Infield ............................ 17 
      2.2.2 Lande' .................................... 19 
      2.2.3 Podolsky .................................. 20 
      2.2.4 Corben .................................... 21 
      2.2.5 Flint ..................................... 21 
      2.2.6 Ingraham .................................. 21 
      2.2.7 Arctan Potential .......................... 23
      2.2.8 Milne ..................................... 24 
      2.2.9 Williams .................................. 25 
   2.3 Development of 5-D EM Equations ............... 27 
      2.3.1 Modifications to Maxwell's Equations ...... 33 
      2.3.2 Lorentz Forces in 5-D ..................... 36 
      2.3.3 Wave Propagation in 5-Space ............... 38 
      2.3.4 Limits to Conversion Rates ................ 40 
      2.3.5 Reduction to Newton's Laws - PPN .......... 41
      2.3.6 Thermoelectric Potentials in Gravity Field. 43 
      2.3.7 Field Vectors and Equations in 5-D ........ 44 
   2.4 Conservation Laws ............................. 47 
      2.4.1 Conservation of Energy .................... 48 
      2.4.2 Conservation of Linear Momentum ........... 50 
      2.4.3 Conservation of Angular Momentum .......... 51 
      2.4.4 Conservation of Parity .................... 53 
      2.4.5 Conservation of Pseudovectors ............. 54 
      2.4.6 Conditions for Non-Conservations .......... 58 
   2.5 Vacuum Fluctuations ........................... 60 
   2.6 Quantum Considerations ........................ 62 
   2.7 Compatibility of 10-D String Theories ......... 68 
   2.8 Mach's Principle .............................. 69 
   2.9 Rosen's Bi-Metric Theory ...................... 72 
   2.10 Non-Conservation .............................. 74 
   2.11 Particles in 5-D Spaces ....................... 76 
III. EXPERIMENTS 
   3.1 Approach to Selection of Experiments .......... 78 
   3.2 Radiation Pressure ............................ 80 
   3.3 Biefeld-Brown Effects ......................... 83 
   3.4 Conductive Submarine .......................... 88 
   3.5 Gravitational Rotor ........................... 89 
   3.6 Spin Aligned Nuclei -- Magnetic and Rotational Alignment ............ 90 
   3.7 Non-Inductive Coils ........................... 94 
   3.8 EM Transparency of Conductive Media ........... 100 
   3.9 Magnetic Loop ................................. 101 
   3.10 Speed of Light in a Mass Flow ................. 103 
   3.11 Charged Torque Pendulum ....................... 105 
   3.12 Thermoelectric/Gravitational Effects .......... 107 
   3.13 Binary Pulsar ................................. 107 
   3.14 Proton Scattering ............................. 107 
   3.15 Inertial Mass Variation ....................... 107 
   3.16 An Improper Experiment ........................ 108 
IV. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................. 110 

AUTHOR(s): Woyk, E. 
TITLE(s): Gravitomagnetics in Stationary Media. In: The Astrophysical journal. SEP 20 1994 v 433 n 1 p 1 Page 357 

AUTHOR(s): Shahid-Saless, Bahman 
TITLE(s): Local gravitomagnetic perturbations of the lunar orbit. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. DEC 15 1992 v 46 n 12 Page 5404 

AUTHOR(s): Blockley, C.A. Stedman, G.E.
TITLE(s): Gravitomagnetic effects along polar geodesics about a slowly rotating spherical mass in the PPN formalism. In: Physics letters: [part A] JUL 09 1990 v 147 n 4 Page 161 

AUTHOR(s): Zhang, Xiao-He 
TITLE(s): Interactions of magnetohydrodynamic waves with gravitomagnetic fields, and their possible roles in black-hole magnetospheres. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. DEC 15 1989 v 40 n 12 Page: 3858 

AUTHOR(s): Khanna, Ramon Camenzind, Max 
TITLE(s): The Gravitomagnetic Dynamo Effect in Accretion Disks of Rotating Black Holes. In: The Astrophysical journal. NOV 10 1994 v 435 n 2 p 2 

AUTHOR(s): Casotto, S. Ciufolini, I. Vespe, F. 
TITLE(s): Earth satellites and gravitomagnetic field. In: Il nuovo cimento delle societa italiana di fisic MAY 01 1990 v 105 n 5 Page 589 

AUTHOR(s): Mashhoon, Bahram Paik, Jung Ho Will, Clifford M. 
TITLE(s): Detection of the gravitomagnetic field using an orbiting superconducting gravity gradiometer. Theoretical principles. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. MAY 15 1989 v 39 n 10 Page 2825 

AUTHOR(s): Nordtvedt, K. 
TITLE(s): Gravitomagnetic interaction and laser ranging to Earth satellites. In: Physical review letters. DEC 05 1988 v 61 n 23 Page 2647 

I have yet to track down an original document entitled: "The Flying Saucer: The Application of the Biefeld-Brown Effect to the Solution of Space Navigation" by Mason Rose. This 50's document details how a flying saucer operates. I have a copy of a re-write and it is outstanding. And I'm also looking for a document as seen on SIGHTINGS TV entitled: "PROJECT SILVER BUG" the 1955 USAF Flying Saucer Tests. Also, seeking a copy of PROJECT WINTERHAVEN by Thomas Townsend Brown on a MACH-3 Combat Disc. The British had a stake in as well as the USAF. It to is from the 1950's. -- James Hartman, CaluNET - Future Science Admin. 

Schilpp, Paul Arthur, 1897- ed. Albert Einstein: philosopher-scientist. [3d ed.] La Salle, Ill., Open Court [1970] xviii, 781 p. illus., facsim., ports. 25 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC16.E5 S3 1970 

This conference was held in tribute to Thomas Townsend Brown and I feel that it was a great success. About 15 speakers and 80 attendees provided a brief overview of Zero Point Energy theories, Free Energy devices, electrostatics theory, and antigravity experiments and documentation. Attendees came from as far away as California and Washington. The conference program advertised the following topics: "A Review of Advanced Energy Devices: Evidence, Promises, and Dangers" by Patrick Bailey (VP INE); "Thomas Townsend Brown's Electro-Gravities Research in the 1950's" by Tom Valone (Integrity Institute); "The Role of Electro-Statics" by Charles Yost (Electric Spacecraft Journal); "Thomas Townsend Brown's Research: A Challenge to Modern Science" by Elizabeth Rauscher (Tecnic Research Laboratories); "Electro-Gravitic Theory: Explaining the Operating Principle of Brown's Electric Disks" by Paul LaViolette (The Starburst Foundation); "A Panel Discussion on Biefeld-Brown and Beyond;" "Vortices in the Zero Point Energy" by Moray King; "Design of a Compact Marx Generator Triggered by a Blumlein Capacitor" by George Hathaway; "Thomas Townsend Brown's Final Gravito-Electric Research" by Josh Reynolds (New Wave Partners); "Townsend Brown Effects Reviewed" by Ron Kovac; "Pushing the Boundaries: Electro-Hydro Dynamic Potentials ..." by Henry Monteith, and "Gravity Drop Tests" by Don Kelly (SEA). - Patrick Bailey 

I have the audio tapes from the T.T. Brown conference, 11 tapes in all, and I got a lot of good information from it. - Bob Reim (reim@advantor.com) 

Partial biography of Thomas Townsend Brown: 1922-23, private research laboratory, Pasadena, California; 1924-25, special electronics research, Denison University, Department of Physics; 1926-30, private research laboratory (astrophysics), Zanesville, Ohio, in collaboration with Dr. Paul Biefeld, Swazey Observatory, Granville, Ohio; 1930-33, Naval Research Laboratory (radiation and spectroscopy), Washington, DC; ... 1938, Assistant Engineering Officer (Lt. jg USNR) shakedown cruise USS NASHVILLE to Europe; 1939-40, Materials and Processes Engineer (aircraft), Glenn L. Martin Company, Baltimore; 1940-41, Officer-in-charge (Lt. USNR), Magnetic and Acoustic Minesweeping, Research and Development, Bureau of Ships, Navy Department, Washington, D. C.; 1942-43, Officer-in- charge (Lt. Comdr. USNR), Atlantic Fleet Radar Materiel School and Gyro- compass School, Naval Operating Base, Norfolk, Virginia; 1944-45, Radar Consultant, Advanced Design Section, Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, Burbank, California; ... 
Also, there was a T.T. Brown on the Condon committee for UFO studies. And some of Brown's above described Navy duties are coincident with some of the times and places in stories about the Montauk Project/ Philadelphia Experiment. 

"I am still working on petroelectricity and the project is housed largely at Stanford Research Institute with additional assistance being provided by the University of California - Berkeley and the Ames Research center of NASA. Unfortunately, under the circumstances, while this project is being evaluated for funding by ERDA we should not and cannot publish details..." 

"Your next question concerns the airfoils. As far as I am aware, no rf is radiated. There is, of course, a static d.c. field which accompanies the airfoils in flight." 

I was in contact with Dr Brown in 1983 by phone and by mail. He died of lung cancer not long after in Oct of 1985. He told me that a lot of people including Bill Morre had attributed more to his work than he had really done. In particular, he was only marginally connected with the Philadelphia Experiment as such. His main theme of R&D was dielectrics and the Biefeld-Brown effect. He was not an electromagnetics man... only electrostatics. 

From 1983 to 1991 or so I was in frequent communication with J. Frank King who was TT Brown's boss at the Bahnson Co. J. Frank was a good man and a good friend of mine. He, too, died in Dec 1989. Before he died I was given rights to reproduce and share letters, files, drawings, patent submissions, films etc from his personal files on TT Brown, George Adamski, Dr Ilka, T Henry Moray and others.

J Frank warned me a long time ago to take what TT Brown said with a 'grain of salt' because Townsend had a habit of 'stretching the truth' a bit to get funding which he was always in need of.... So, I warn you now in good faith: If you seek lost or hidden technology in Brown's lab notes, I don't think you will find it there; however, I am prepared to make photocopies available to you. 

There are about 750 pages in all. I would need to charge you AUS$50 per notebook which would include the air mail charges as well. In US$ that would be about US$38 per notebook. The film is available as are the notebooks (I think) from The Electric Spacecraft Journal in the US (Charles Yost on 704-252-8083, FAX 202-683-3511. -- Stan Deyo 

"The Wizard of Electro-Gravity: The Man Who Discovered how UFOs are powered." by William L. Moore. In UFO Report magazine. Unfortunately the issue date is not on this copy, and the magazine is at work. 

A lot of the same information can be found in the book "The Philadelphia Experiment: Project Invisibility" by William L. Moore with Charles Berlitz. Chapter 10 "The Force Fields of Townsend Brown". These two items are the same, I just don't know which one came first. 

Also there is more than one book with the title "The Philadelphia Experiment". You want the one with ISBN 0-449-20526-6. 

"The Townsend Brown Electro-Gravity Device: A Comprehensive Evaluation by the Office of NAVAL Research" 15 September 1952. 

Such as "How I Control Gravity by T. Townsend Brown" from Science and Invention Magazine Aug. 1929. 

"Townsend Brown and his Anti-Gravity Discs" by Gaston Burridge in Fate Magazine. No issue date is visible. 

"Electrical Self-Potential in Rocks" by T.Townsend Brown, some time after 1/1976, but again no source is visible. 

"Another Step Toward Anti-Gravity" by Gaston Burridge in The American Mercury, June 1958, p77. 

"Towards Flight without Stress or Strain... or Weight" by Intel, Washington, D.C. [Doesn't make since but that is what it says.] 

Some one just on the list here just reinvented "The Fluid Pump" by T.Townsend Brown for the Whitehall-Rand Group, Washington DC 

Paper: hep-th/9210110 (Phys. Rev. D47, R5214 (1993).) 
From: pullin@mail.physics.utah.edu (Jorge Pullin) 
Date: Tue, 20 Oct 92 11:18:14 MDT 
QUANTUM EINSTEIN-MAXWELL FIELDS: A UNIFIED VIEWPOINT FROM THE LOOP REPRESENTATION, R. Gambini, J. Pullin, 13pp. no figures. 
We propose a naive unification of Electromagnetism and General Relativity based on enlarging the gauge group of Ashtekar's new variables. We construct the connection and loop representations and analyze the space of states. In the loop representation, the wavefunctions depend on two loops, each of them carrying information about both gravitation and electromagnetism. We find that the Chern-Simons form and the Jones Polynomial play a role in the model. 

Paper: gr-qc/9301012 
From: porrati@MAFALDA.PHYSICS.NYU.EDU (Massimo Porrati) 
Date: Wed, 13 Jan 93 20:17:21 -0500 
Massive Spin-5/2 Fields Coupled to Gravity: Tree-Level Unitarity vs. the Equivalence Principle, Massimo Porrati, 6 pages. I show that the gravitational scattering amplitudes of a spin-5/2 field with mass $m\ll M_{Pl}$ violate tree-level unitarity at energies $\sqrt{s}\approx\sqrt{mM_{Pl}}$ if the coupling to gravity is minimal. Unitarity up to energies $\sqrt{s}\approx M_{Pl}$ is restored by adding a suitable non-minimal term, which gives rise to interactions violating the (strong) equivalence principle. These interactions are only relevant at distances $d\lequiv 1/m$. 

Paper: gr-qc/9303014 
From: ISTVAN@RMK520.RMKI.KFKI.HU 
Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1993 16:24:01 +0100 (WET) 
MAXWELL FIELDS IN SPACETIMES ADMITTING NON-NULL KILLING VECTORS, by Istvan Racz, 7 pages,PACS numbers: 04.20.Cv, 04.20.Me, 04.40.+c 
We consider source-free electromagnetic fields in spacetimes possessing a non-null Killing vector field, $\xi^a$. We assume further that the electromagnetic field tensor, $F_{ab}$, is invariant under the action of the isometry group induced by $\xi^a$. It is proved that whenever the two potentials associated with the electromagnetic field are functionally independent the entire content of Maxwell's equations is equivalent to the relation $\n^aT_{ab}=0$. Since this relation is implied by Einstein's equation we argue that it is enough to solve merely Einstein's equation for these electrovac spacetimes because the relevant equations of motion will be satisfied automatically. It is also shown that for the exceptional case of functionally related potentials $\n^aT_{ab}=0$ implies along with one of the relevant equations of motion that the complementary equation concerning the electromagnetic field is satisfied. 

Paper: gr-qc/9310007 (Physica Scripta 48, 649 (1993)) 
From: harald@nordita.dk (Harald H. Soleng) 
Date: Mon, 4 Oct 93 13:18:04 +0100 
INVERSE SQUARE LAW OF GRAVITATION IN (2+1)-DIMENSIONAL SPACE-TIME AS A CONSEQUENCE OF CASIMIR ENERGY, H. H. Soleng, 10 pages, LaTeX, 
Report: UPR-0540-T, To appear in Physica Scripta. 
The gravitational effect of vacuum polarization in space exterior to a particle in (2+1)-dimensional Einstein theory is investigated. In the weak field limit this gravitational field corresponds to an inverse square law of gravitational attraction, even though the gravitational mass of the quantum vacuum is negative. The paradox is resolved by considering a particle of finite extension and taking into account the vacuum polarization in its interior. 

Paper: gr-qc/9310019 
From: rri!bri@rri.ernet.in (B.R.Iyer) Date: Tue, 12 Oct 93 12:44:52 
IST THE FRENET SERRET DESCRIPTION OF GYROSCOPIC PRECESSION B.R.Iyer and C.V.Vishveshwara , 37 pages, Paper in Latex. 
The phenomenon of gyroscopic precession is studied within the framework of Frenet-Serret formalism adapted to quasi-Killing trajectories. Its relation to the congruence vorticity is highlighted with particular reference to the irrotational congruence admitted by the stationary, axisymmetric spacetime. General precession formulae are obtained for circular orbits with arbitrary constant angular speeds. By successive reduction, different types of precessions are derived for the Kerr - Schwarzschild - Minkowski spacetime family. The phenomenon is studied in the case of other interesting spacetimes, such as the De Sitter and Godel universes as well as the general stationary, cylindrical, vacuum spacetimes.

Paper: gr-qc/9310030 
From: khatsymovsky 
Date: Thu, 21 Oct 93 16:39:25 +0100 
Can wormholes exist? V.Khatsymovsky, 10 pages, Plain LaTeX, preprint UUITP-20/1993 Renormalized vacuum expectation values of electromagnetic stress-energy tensor are calculated in the background spherically-symmetrical metric of the wormhole's topology. Covariant geodesic point separation method of regularization is used. Violation of the weak energy condition at the throat of wormhole takes place for geometry sufficiently close to that of infinitely long wormhole of constant radius irrespectively of the detailed form of metric. This is an argument in favour of possibility of existence of selfconsistent wormhole in empty space maintained by vacuum field fluctuations in the wormhole's background. 

Paper: hep-th/9402046 
From: LANDI@SUHEP.PHY.SYR.EDU 
Date: Tue, 08 Feb 1994 15:09:39 -0500 (EST) 
GRAVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETISM IN NONCOMMUTATIVE GEOMETRY, Giovanni Landi, Nguyen Ai Viet, Kameshwar C.Wali, 1 + 11 pages, 
Report # SU-4240-566, We present a unified description of gravity and electromagnetism in the framework of a Z2 noncommutative differential calculus. It can be considered as a ``discrete version" of Kaluza-Klein theory, where the fifth continuous dimension is replaced by two discrete points. We derive an action which coincides with the dimensionally reduced one of the ordinary Kaluza-Klein theory. 

Paper: gr-qc/9404016 
From: David Garfinkle 
Date: Sun, 10 Apr 1994 17:44:50 -0400 
Generating new magnetic universe solutions from old. By David Garfinkle and M.A. Melvin. 17 pages In this paper we apply the techniques which have been developed over the last few decades for generating nontrivially new solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations from seed solutions for simple spacetimes. The simple seed spacetime which we choose is the "magnetic universe" to which we apply the Ehlers transformation. Three interesting non-singular metrics are generated. Two of these may be described as "rotating magnetic universes" and the third as an "evolving magnetic universe." Each is causally complete - in that all timelike and lightlike geodesics do not end in a finite time or affine parameter. We also give the electromagnetic field in each case. For the two rotating stationary cases we give the projection with respect to a stationary observer of the electromagnetic field into electric and magnetic components. 

Paper: gr-qc/9404065 (Phys. Rev. D50 (1994) 6190) 
From: carroll@marie.mit.edu (Sean Carroll) 
Date: Sun, 1 May 1994 16:35:00 -0400 
Energy-Momentum Restrictions on the Creation of Gott Time Machines, by Sean M. Carroll, Edward Farhi, Alan H. Guth, and Ken D. Olum. Plain TeX, 41 pages incl. 9 figures. MIT-CTP #2252. The discovery by Gott of a remarkably simple spacetime with closed timelike curves (CTC's) provides a tool for investigating how the creation of time machines is prevented in classical general relativity. The Gott spacetime contains two infinitely long, parallel cosmic strings, which can equivalently be viewed as point masses in (2+1)-dimensional gravity. We examine the possibility of building such a time machine in an open universe. Specifically, we consider initial data specified on an edgeless, noncompact, spacelike hypersurface, for which the total momentum is timelike (i.e., not the momentum of a Gott spacetime). In contrast to the case of a closed universe (in which Gott pairs, although not CTC's, can be produced from the decay of stationary particles), we find that there is never enough energy for a Gott-like time machine to evolve from the specified data; it is impossible to accelerate two particles to sufficiently high velocity. Thus, the no-CTC theorems of Tipler and Hawking are enforced in an open (2+1)-dimensional universe by a mechanism different from that which operates in a closed universe. In proving our result, we develop a simple method to understand the inequalities that restrict the result of combining momenta in (2+1)-dimensional gravity. 

Paper: gr-qc/9405050 
From: MATSAS@IFT.UESP.ANSP.BR 
Date: Mon, 23 May 1994 15:01 BSC (-0300 C) 
DO INERTIAL ELECTRIC CHARGES RADIATE WITH RESPECT TO UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED OBSERVERS?, George E.A. Matsas, 6 pages (REVTEX 3.0), IFT-P017/94. 
We revisit the long standing problem of analyzing an inertial electric charge from the point of view of uniformly accelerated observers in the context of semi-classical gravity. We choose a suitable set of accelerated observers with respect to which there is no photon emission coming from the inertial charge. We discuss this result against previous claims [F. Rohrlich, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) vol: 22, 169 (1963)]. (This Essay was awarded a Honorable Mention for 1994 by the Gravity Research Foundation.) 

Paper: gr-qc/9406032 
From: wam@tdo-serv.lanl.gov (Warner A. Miller) 
Date: Mon, 20 Jun 94 14:44:42 MDT 
Spin Dynamics of the LAGEOS Satellite in Support of a Measurement of the Earth's Gravitomagnetism, Salman Habib, Daniel E. Holz, Arkady Kheyfets, Richard A. Matzner, Warner A. Miller and Brian W. Tolman, 16 pages, RevTeX, LA-UR-94-1289. (Part I of II, postscript figures in Part II). LAGEOS is an accurately-tracked, dense spherical satellite covered with 426 retroreflectors. The tracking accuracy is such as to yield a medium term (years to decades) inertial reference frame determined via relatively inexpensive observations. This frame is used as an adjunct to the more difficult and data intensive VLBI absolute frame measurements. There is a substantial secular precession of the satellite's line of nodes consistent with the classical, Newtonian precession due to the non-sphericity of the earth. Ciufolini has suggested the launch of an identical satellite (LAGEOS-3) into an orbit supplementary to that of LAGEOS-1: LAGEOS-3 would then experience an equal and opposite classical precession to that of LAGEOS-1. Besides providing a more accurate real-time measurement of the earth's length of day and polar wobble, this paired-satellite experiment would provide the first direct measurement of the general relativistic frame-dragging effect. Of the five dominant error sources in this experiment, the largest one involves surface forces on the satellite, and their consequent impact on the orbital nodal precession. The surface forces are a function of the spin dynamics of the satellite. Consequently, we undertake here a theoretical effort to model the spin ndynamics of LAGEOS. In this paper we present our preliminary results. 

Paper: gr-qc/9407003 
From: William Bruckman 
Date: Tue, 5 Jul 94 09:06:49 EDT 
Generation of Electro and Magneto Static Solutions of the Scalar-Tensor Theories of Gravity, William Bruckman, 28 pages, LaTeX. The field equations of the scalar-tensor theories of gravitation are presented in different representations, related to each other by conformal transformations of the metric. One of the representations resembles the Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory, and is the starting point for the generation of exact electrostatic and magnetostatic exterior solutions. The corresponding solutions for each specific theory can be obtained by transforming back to the original canonical representation, and the conversions are given for the theories of Jordan-Brans-Dicke, Barker, Schwinger, and conformally invariant coupling. The electrostatic solutions represent the exterior metrics and fields of configurations where the gravitational and electric equipotential surfaces have the same symmetry. A particular family of electrostatic solutions is developed, which includes as special case the spherically symmetric solutions of the scalar-tensor theories. As expected, they reduce to the well-known Reissner-Nordstrom metric when the scalar field is set equal to a constant. The analysis of the Jordan-Brans-Dicke metric yields an upper bound for the mass-radius ratio of static stars, for a class of interior structures. 

Paper: gr-qc/9407030 
From: Marco SISSA +39(40)3787522 
Date: Thu, 21 Jul 1994 15:10:04 +0200 
QUANTUM ELECTROMAGNETIC WORMHOLES AND GEOMETRICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE ELECTRIC CHARGE by Marco Cavaglia 13 pages, PLAIN TEX, 
Report No: SISSA 92/94/A (to appear in Phys. Rev. D15).
I present and discuss a class of solutions of the Wheeler-de Witt equation describing wormholes generated by coupling of gravity to the electromagnetic field for Kantowski-Sachs and Bianchi I spacetimes. Since the electric charge can be viewed as electric lines of force trapped in a finite region of spacetime, these solutions can be interpreted as the quantum corresponding of the Ein-stein--Rosen--Misner--Wheeler electromagnetic geon. 

Paper: gr-qc/9409060 (Annals of Physics vol. 240 432--458 (1995)) 
From: soleng@surya11.cern.ch (Harald SOLENG) 
Date: Thu, 29 Sep 94 14:01:03 +0100 
Modification of the Coulomb potential from a Kaluza-Klein model with a Gauss-Bonnet term in the action, by H. H. Soleng and O. Gron, 27 pages, compressed and uuencoded postscript file with unpacking instructions; major revision to section IV.D.2 on pages 15-16 ("Corrections to the Coulomb potential at short distances") and to the figure on page 27, to be published in The Annals of Physics (NY), NORDITA 94/50 In four dimensions a Gauss-Bonnet term in the action corresponds to a total derivative, and it does not contribute to the classical equations of motion. For higher-dimensional geometries this term has the interesting property (shared with other dimensionally continued Euler densities) that when the action is varied with respect to the metric, it gives rise to a symmetric, covariantly conserved tensor of rank two which is a function of the metric and its first and second order derivatives. Here we review the unification of General Relativity and electromagnetism in the classical five-dimensional, restricted (with g55 = 1) Kaluza-Klein model. Then we discuss the modifications of the Einstein-Maxwell theory that results from adding the Gauss-Bonnet term in the action. The resulting four-dimensional theory describes a non-linear U(1) gauge theory non-minimally coupled to gravity. For a point charge at rest, we find a perturbative solution for large distances which gives a mass-dependent correction to the Coulomb potential. Near the source we find a power-law solution which seems to cure the short-distance divergency of the Coulomb potential. Possible ways to obtain an experimental upper limit to the coupling of the hypothetical Gauss-Bonnet term are also considered. 

Paper: hep-th/9410046 
From: M.J. Duff 
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 94 13:04:15 
BST KALUZA-KLEIN THEORY IN PERSPECTIVE, M. J. Duff, 38 pages latex, NI-94-015 
The Kaluza-Klein idea of extra spacetime dimensions continues to pervade current attempts to unify the fundamental forces, but in ways somewhat different from that originally envisaged. We present a modern perspective on the role of internal dimensions in physics, focussing in particular on superstring theory. A novel result is the interpretation of Kaluza-Klein string states as extreme black holes.(Talk delivered at the Oskar Klein Centenary Nobel Symposium, Stockholm, September 19-21, 1994.) 

Paper: gr-qc/9509018
From: nunez@venus.fisica.unlp.edu.ar (NUNEZ Carlos) 
Date: Fri, 8 Sep 95 15:05:13 EST Title: 
On Pseudospherically Symmetric Repulsive Gravitational Field Authors: Luis A. Anchordoqui, Graciela S. Birman, Jose D. Edelstein and Carlos Nunez Report-no: La Plata-Th 95/23 The solution of Einstein vacuum equation, for a static pseudospherically symmetric system, is presented. It describes a singular solution that produces a repulsive gravitational field with an event horizon. We analyse particle motion in such a gravitational field and comment on some interesting features of the solution.

Sources: 
American Philosophical Society, Proceedings. Philadelphia, PA, years 1914-1929. Articles on Charles F. Brush's experiments. 

Electrical Experimenter. "Can Electricity Destroy Gravitation?", New York, March 1918. 

Electrical Experimenter. "Piggott's Electro-gravitation Experiment", Vol. 8, 1920. 

Hooper, William J., New Horizons in Electric, Magnetic, and Gravitational Field Theory, Principia College, Elsah, IL, 1974. 

The Scientific Papers of James Clerk Maxwell. Vol. II, W.D. Niven (ed.), Constable & Co., London, 1965. "Le Sage Theory of Gravitation". 

Transactions of the Academy of Science. "Nipher's Gravitation Experiments", Vol. 23, pp. 163-192+, St. Louis, 1916. 

US patent No. 1,006,786, Piggott. 3,518,462, Brown. 3,610,971, Hooper. 

Published Bimonthly AIAA Members $42.00 per year ($72.00 outside North America) Institutions $300.00 per year ($360.00 outside North America)

Holt presents a project using an already existing system known as the Coherent Field and Energy Resonance System (CoFERS) [probably located at Los Alamos Labs' High Magnetic Field Research Laboratory]. CoFERS utilizes a toroidal-shaped energy guide with megagauss magnetic field sources located along radius vectors equally spaced around the toroid. CoFERS is shaped like a thick flying disc. 

Holt goes on to say: "By converying an object's normal space-time energy pattern to an energy pattern which differs substantially from the normal pattern, the gravitational forces acting on the object are changed. The object's new pattern interacts with the surrounding space-time and virtual energy patterns, such that the interactive forces are substantially altered. The alteration of the characteristics of the continuous field of force results in the apparent motion of the object *through space-time*." [...] "Since the gravitational forces acting on the propulsion system can be quickly altered to achieve the desired motion, the *spacecraft* can make right-angle turns at very-high velocities without adversely affecting the crew or system elements. The effective gravitational field the *spacecraft/ aircraft* experiences can be nearly simultaneously reoriented at a 90- degree angle, resulting in a smooth continuous motion as far as the occupants are concerned." [ ... ] "The gravimagnetic system is perhaps best suited for use in and around ... a large mass such as the Earth." "While the gravimagnetic system is likely to be the first field-dependent propulsion system developed, the field resonance system will **bring stellar and galactic travel out of the realm of science fiction**. The field resonance system artificially generates an energy pattern which precisely matches or resonates with a virtual pattern associated with a distent space-time point. According to the model, if a fundamental or precise resonance is established, (using hydromagnetic wave fine-tuning techniques), the spacecraft will be very strongly and equally repelled by surrounding virtual patterns. At the same time, through the virtual many-dimensional structure of space-time, a very strong attraction with the virtual pattern of a distant space-time point will exist. ...this combination of very strong forces will result in the translocation of the spacecraft from its initial position through the many-dimensional virtual structure to the distant space-time point. [ ... ] "A space-time 'jump' already appears to be supported by astrophysical research." 

Should you wish the entirety of this report, "Prospects for a Breakthrough in Field Dependent Propulsion" by A.C. Holt, you can order it from AeroPlus Dispatch, 1722 Gilbreth Road, Burlingame, CA 94010; phone: (800)-662-AERO. The paper/conference number is AIAA-80-1233 (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, June 30-July 2, 1980 - 16th Annual Conference. -- Rich Boylan There is also a great article discussing the work of A.C. Holt in the Electric Spacecraft Journal: Issue No. 5, June 30, 1992. 

GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9602004
From: wells@cfaitamp2.harvard.edu (Jack Wells) 
Date: Thu, 1 Feb 1996 16:50:06 -0500 
Gravitational Interaction of Spinning Bodies, Center-of-Mass Coordinate and Radiation of Compact Binary Systems Author(s): I.B. Khriplovich, A.A. Pomeransky Spin-orbit and spin-spin effects in the gravitational interaction are treated in a close analogy with the fine and hyperfine interactions in atoms. The proper definition of the cener-of-mass coordinate is discussed. The technique developed is applied then to the gravitational radiation of compact binary stars. Our result for the spin-orbit correction differs from that obtained by other authors. New effects possible for the motion of a spinning particle in a gravitational field are pointed out. The corresponding corrections, nonlinear in spin, are in principle of the same order of magnitude as the ordinary spin-spin interaction. 

HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - THEORY, ABSTRACT HEP-TH/9601119 
From: gonzalez@fyma.ucl.ac.be 
Date: Tue, 23 Jan 1996 10:03:41 +0100 (MET) 
Spinning Relativistic Particle in an External Electromagnetic Field Author(s): M. Chaichian , R. Gonzalez Felipe , D. Louis Martinez The Hamiltonian formulation of the motion of a spinning relativistic particle in an external electromagnetic field is considered. The approach is based on the introduction of new coordinates and their conjugated momenta to describe the spin degrees of freedom together with an appropriate set of constraints in the Dirac formulation. For particles with gyromagnetic ratio $g=2$, the equations of motion do not predict any deviation from the standard Lorentz force, while for $g \neq 2$ an additional force, which corresponds to the magnetic dipole force, is obtained. 

HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - PHENOMENOLOGY, ABSTRACT HEP-PH/9601280
From: MAREK@taunivm.tau.ac.il 
Date: 16 Jan 96 19:19 IST 
The Strange Spin of the Nucleon Authors: John Ellis (CERN) , Marek Karliner (Tel-Aviv Univ.) Comments: Invited Lectures at the International School of Nucleon Spin Structure, Erice, August 1995. The recent series of experiments on polarized lepton-nucleon scattering have provided a strange new twist in the story of the nucleon, some of whose aspects are reviewed in these lectures. In the first lecture, we review some issues arising in the analysis of the data on polarized structure functions, focusing in particular on the importance and treatment of high-order QCD perturbation theory. In the second lecture some possible interpretations of the ``EMC spin effect" are reviewed, principally in the chiral soliton (Skyrmion) approach, but also interpretations related to the axial $U(1)$ anomaly. This lecture also discusses other indications from recent LEAR data for an $\bar{s} s$ component in the nucleon wave function, and discusses test of a model for this component. Finally, the third lecture reviews the implications of polarized structure functions measurements for experiments to search for cold dark matter particles, such as the lightest supersymmetric particle and the axion, after reviewing briefly the astrophysical and cosmological evidence for cold dark matter. 

A method is presented for generating mechanical spacecraft propulsion from unsymmetrical magnetic induction fields. It is based on an unsymmetrical three-dimensional loop antenna structure driven by a repetitively-pulsed high-current power supply. Antenna geometry is optimized for generating propulsive thrust rather than radiating electromagnetic energy. A magnetic field density gradient imbalances the magneto-mechanical forces that result from the interations of the internal magnetic induction field with the current in the conductors of the antenna structure. 

From Richard Feynman's Lectures on Physics we learn that there is intrinsic field energy and momentum density associated with a static electro-magnetic field configuration. When there is a change in the magnetic field, this field energy and momentum can be directly converted into kinetic energy and mechanical momentum. Feynman illustrates this with an electromagnetic carousel paradox. In this paradox, a dielectric disk (which is embedded with small charged spheres along its circumference) rotates without any apparent "counter" torque in the system. Before this rotation occurs, the dielectric disk is immersed in a static magnetic field. The subsequent rotation occurs as a consequence to reducing the previously static magnetic field to zero. The angular momentum and rotational kinetic energy comes directly from the initial static magnetic field.

"The Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Richard Feynman, R.B. Leighton, and M. Sands, Volume II p 17-6 

"Nonlinear Electromagnetic Propulsion System and Method", R.L. Schlicher Nineteenth Power Modulation Symposium of the IEEE, 1990 Page 139 

"Classical Electrodynamics" by C.D. Jackson, 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1975 

"The Feynman Lectures on Physics" Richard Feynman, R.B. Leighton, and M. Sands, Volume II p 27-9 

US Patent #5142861, "Nonlinear Electromagnetic Propulsion System", R.L. Schlicher et al. 1992 

AUTHOR: Graneau, Peter. 
TITLE: Ampere-Neumann electrodynamics of metals/Peter Graneau. 
PUBL.: Nonantuma, MA. : Hadronic Press, FORMAT: ix, 311 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. 
DATE: 1985 SUBJECT Metals--Electric properties--History. Free electron theory of metals--History. Electrodynamics--History. Electric conductors--History. 
ISBN: 0911767371 

AUTHOR: Graneau, Peter 
TITLE: Electromagnetic Jet Propulsion in the Direction of Current Flow In: Nature June 18, 1982 No 295 Page 311 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, P. 
TITLE(s): Ampere force calculation for filament fusion experiments. In: Physics letters. a MAR 22 1993 v 174 n 5/6 Page 421 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, P. 
TITLE(s): Comment on "The motionally induced back-EMF in railguns". In: Physics letters: [part A] DEC 02 1991 v 160 n 5 Page 490 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, Peter 
TITLE(s): The Difference between Newtonian and Relativistic Forces. In: Foundations of physics letters. OCT 01 1993 v 6 n 5 Page 491 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, P. 
TITLE(s): Electrodynamic momentum measurements. In: Journal of physics d: applied physics. DEC 01 1988 v 21 n 12 Page 1826 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, P. 
TITLE(s): Far-action versus contact action. In: Speculations in science and technology. 1990 v 13 n 3 Page 191 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, Peter 
TITLE(s): Inertia's Riddle. Summary: Inertia has been misunderstood ever since the time of Galileo says Dr. Graneau. In: Electronics world + wireless world. JAN 01 1990 v 96 n 1647 Page 60 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, P. 
TITLE(s): Longitudinal forces in Ampere's wire-arc experiment. In: Physics letters: [part A] MAY 08 1989 v 137 n 3 Page 87 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, P. Thompson, D.S. Morrill, S.L.
TITLE(s): The motionally induced back-emf in railguns. In: Physics letters: [part A] APR 30 1990 v 145 n 8/9 Page 396 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, Peter 
TITLE(s): Nonlocal Action in the Induction Motor. In: Foundations of physics letters. OCT 01 1991 v 4 n 5 Page 499 

AUTHOR(s): Graneau, P. Graneau, N. 
TITLE(s): The role of Ampere forces in nuclear fusion. In: Physics letters: [part A] MAY 04 1992 v 165 n 1 Page 1 

AUTHOR: Graneau, Peter. 
TITLE: Underground power transmission : the science, technology, and economics of high voltage cables / Peter Graneau. PUBL.: New York : Wiley, 
FORMAT: x, 515 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. 
DATE: 1979 SUBJECT: Electric cables Electric power transmission Electric lines--Underground 
ISBN: 0471057576

Crehore, Albert C. (Albert Cushing), b. 1868. The mystery of matter and energy; recent progress as to the structure of matter, by Albert C. Crehore ... New York, D. van Nostrand company, 1917 LC CALL NUMBER: QC173 .C8 SUBJECTS: Matter--Constitution. 

Crehore, Albert C. (Albert Cushing), b. 1868. The atom, by Albert C. Crehore ... New York, D. Van Nostrand company, 1920. xvi, 161 p. diagrs. 19 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC173 .C75 

The Anti-gravity handbook / compiled by D. Hatcher Childress. 1st ed. Stelle, Ill. : Adventures Unlimited Press, c1985 (1986 printing) 195 p. LC CALL NUMBER: QC178 .A58 1985 SUBJECTS: Antigravity. Childress, David Hatcher, 1957- ISBN: 0932813011 (pbk.) : $12.95 

Pages, Marcel J. J. Le defi de l'antigravitation: techniques antiponderales, utilisation de l'energie de l'espace [par] M. J. J. Pages. Paris, Chiron [1974] 306 p. LC CALL NUMBER: QC178 .P23 SUBJECTS: Antigravity. Force and energy. ISBN: 2702703097

It is not possible to give a simple argument of why diamagnetism can occur. it is strictly speaking a quantum effect. However, one can see that there might be diamagnetic tendencies if electric currents can flow within molecules. An increasing magnetic field always tends to induce currents to flow in such a way as to tend to prevent the increase in the field. This is (at least temporarily) a diamagnetic kind of effect. 

Thus the case where the relative magnetic permeablility u < 1, is connected with the flow of electric charges in a magnetic field. There is no analogous case with electric fields since isolated magnetic poles do no, so far as is known exist. - "The New Physics" edited by Paul Davies 

"What lies ahead for the synthesis of transuranium elements? Will there be more radioactive and extremely short-lived species such as 97 through 104? It now appears as if there is a chance of reaching a new zone of stability that might even include some none radioactive elements. Calculations with nuclear shell models have led to the expectation that element 114, with 114 protons and 184 neutrons (both magic numbers in the new shell theory) would be an island of stability in a sea of instability." 

I noted that some information was taken from an article in the April 1969 (pages 57-67) issue of "Scientific American" by Dr. Glenn Seaborg. In this article, there are excellent graphics showing the expected half-lives of all the heavyweights. They predict a fission half-life for the most stable isotope of 114 of 10 to the 16th years, and a alpha-decay half-life of 1,000 years. They didn't go into the same level of detail for 115, but it looks like the stuff would clock out considerably sooner by way of beta decay. 

BTW, according to the article, the proper terminology to denote an undiscovered element in a periodic column is the prefix "eka". Therefore element 115 should be eka-BISMUTH. Lose this Un-un-pentium crap! - Tom Mahood 

AUTHOR(s): Byrne, A. P. Birkental, U. Hubel, H. 
TITLE: High-Spin States in 205Bi. In: Zeitschrift fur Physik. A, Atomic nuclei 1989 v 334 n 3 Page: 247 

AUTHOR(s): Vezzoli, G.C. Chen, M.F. Craver, F. 
TITLE(s): Magnetically-related properties of bismuth containing high Tc superconductors. In: Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials. AUG 01 1990 v 88 n 3 Page 351 

AUTHOR(s): Bannerjee, D. Bhattacharya, R. 
TITLE(s): Magnetic Properties of Single Crystals of Bismuth Doped with Lead and Tin. In: Physica status solidi. b: basic research. JAN 01 1990 v 157 n 1 Page 443 

AUTHOR(s): Zhilyaev, I. N. 
TITLE(s): Observation of kinetic paramagnetic effect in bismuth in a transverse magnetic field. In: Soviet journal of low temperature physics. SEP 01 1988 v 14 n 9 Page 502 

AUTHOR(s): Mondal, M. Banik, S.N. Ghatak, K.P. 
TITLE(s): Effect of a quantizing magnetic field on the Einstein relation in bismuth. In: Canadian journal of physics. JAN 01 1989 v 67 n 1 Page 72 

AUTHOR(s): Zheng, Q. Zeng, Z. Lai, W. 
TITLE(s): The influence of Al on the electronic structure and magnetic properties of doped MnBi with huge enhancement of Kerr rotation. In: Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials. FEB 01 1992 v 104/107 p 2 Page 1019

Beck, Sherwin M. 
Measured electron conversion ratios for the 1064-keV gamma ray of bismuth-207, by Sherwin M. Beck. Washington, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; [for sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va.] 1970. 39 p. illus. 27 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: TL521 .A3525 no. 6057 SUBJECTS: Bismuth--Isotopes. Nuclear counters. NASA technical note, NASA TN D-6057 

F: Were you guys talking about nuclear powered flight at that time? 

S: Oh, we were possibly, yes, but I held, had certain ideas see, one of the problems today, we really don't know what gravity is. We don't know and I had an idea, I'm willing to work on it in one of my theses but then my professor didn't believe me, but I had determined that BISMUTH did not obey the laws of gravity. So I thought that, "Gee, there's a leak". I might be able to get nature to tell me something. So where exactly is Bismuth on the Periodic Table of Elements? Why directly above where 115 would fall if it exists. And the way the table works, (generally speaking) elements in the same column have similar properties. 

So, just what the hell was Sarabacher referring to? I don't know, but it's sure intriguing! It appears it was back when he was a grad student, in maybe the 30s or 40s. Whatever it was, it was at the very edge of the ability of equipment at the time. Does Bismuth possess any very subtle anomolous physical properties? -- Tom Mahood 

AUTHOR(s): Seliger, J. Blinc, R. 
TITLE(s): Orientation dependences of quadrupolar spin-lattice relaxation rates of spin-3/2 nuclei subject to a random two-site exchange in a high magnetic field: a theoretical study. In: Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Inst DEC 13 1993 v 5 n 50 Page: 9401

AUTHOR: Jefimenko, Oleg D. 
TITLE: Electricity and magnetism : an introduction to the theory of electric and magnetic fields / Oleg D. Jefimenko. EDITION: 2nd ed. PUBL.: Star City, W. Va. : Electret Scientific Co., 
DATE: 1989 
SUBJECT: Electromagnetism 
ISBN: 0917406081 

AUTHOR: Jefimenko, Oleg D. 
TITLE: Electrostatic motors; their history, types, and principles of operation (by) Oleg D. Jefimenko. With many illus., of which 57 are by David K. Walker. 
PUBL.: Star City (W. Va.) Electret Scientific Co. 
DATE: 1973 
SUBJECT: Electrostatic apparatus and appliances 

AUTHOR: Jefimenko, Oleg D. 
TITLE: Causality, electromagnetic induction, and gravitation: a different approach to the theory of electromagnetic and gravitational fields" b 
PUBL: Star City [West Virginia] : Electret Scientific Co.,
DATE: 1992. 
SUBJECTS: Electromagnetic fields. Gravitational fields. Causality. Maxwell Equations. 

AUTHOR(s): Jefimenko, Oleg D. 
TITLE(s): Direct calculation of electric and magnetic forces from In: American journal of physics. JUL 01 1990 v 58 n 7 Page 625 

AUTHOR(s): Jefimenko, Oleg D. 
TITLE(s): Direct calculation of the electric magnetic fields of an electric point charge moving with constant velocity. In: American journal of physics. JAN 01 1994 v 62 n 1 Page 79 

AUTHOR(s): Jefimenko, Oleg D. 
TITLE(s): Force exerted on a stationary charge by a moving electric current or by a moving magnet. In: American journal of physics. MAR 01 1993 v 61 n 3 Page 218 

AUTHOR(s): Jefimenko, Oleg D. 
TITLE(s): Retardation and relativity: The case of a moving line charge. In: American journal of physics. MAY 01 1995 v 63 n 5 Page 454 

AUTHOR(s): Jefimenko, Oleg D. 
TITLE(s): Retardation and relativity; Derivation of Lorentz-Einstein transformation from retarded integrals for electric and magnetic fields. In: American journal of physics. MAR 01 1995 v 63 n 3 Page 267 

AUTHOR(s): Jefimenko, Oleg D. 
TITLE(s): Solutions of Maxwell's equations for electric and magnetic fields in arbitrary media. In: American journal of physics. OCT 01 1992 v 60 n 10 Page 899

----------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Anti-Gravity Electronics", H. Aspden, Electroncis & Wireless World, Jan 1 1989, Vol 95 No 1635 Reinterpretation of Netwon's third law of motion suggests that it depends upon an electronic action. Electronic interaction therefore explains the paradoxical anti-gravity properties of the force precessed gyroscope. "The Anti-Gravity Puzzle", Mark Ander, Professional Pilot, Aug 1 1989 Exploring the possibility of exceptions to Newton's inverse-square law of gravity, scientists pursue evidence in strange locations. "The Latest Antigravity Gossip", Rock & Ice, Nov 1 1994 No 64 "Propulsion by Gyro", Eric Laithwaite, Space, Sep 1989 Vol 5 No 5 In an attempt to reveal the strange, hidden properties of gyroscopes, Professor Eric Laithwaite explains the physics behind the idea that a propulsion system could be built using gyros. ------------------------------------------------------------------ "Negative Mass in General Relativity", H. Bondi, Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol 29, July 1957, pp 423-428 "Looking for New Gravitational Forces with Antiprotons", M.M. Nieto and B.E. Bonner, Proceedings RAND Workshop on Anti Proton Science and Technology, World Scientific, Singapore, 1988 pp 328-341 "Negative and Imaginary Proper Masses", Y.P Terletskii, Paradoxes in the Theory of Relativity, Plenum, New York 1968, Chapter VI pp 83-115 "Gravitational Coupling of Negative Matter", A. Inomata and D. Peak, Nuovo Cimento, Vol B63 Sep 1969 pp 132-142 "Negative-Mass Lagging Cores of the Big Bang", B.D. Miller, Astrophysical Journal, Vol 208, Sep 1976 pp 275-285 "The Cosmological Term, the Shielding of Gravitation and the Negative Mass Hypothesis", A.A. Baranov, Izvestiya VUZ Fizika, Vol 14 Nov 1971 pp 118-120 "Negative Masses and the Energy-Sources of the Universe", Y.P. Terletskii, Experimentelle Technik der Physik, Vol 29 April 1981 pp 331-332 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ELECTROMAGNETIC-GRAVITATIONAL CONVERSION CROSS SECTIONS IN EXTERNAL ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste (Italy). LONG, HOANG NGOC SOA, DANG VAN TRAN, TUAN A. SEP. 1994 11 PAGES DE95-613589 IC-94/285 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 (US Sales Only) The classical processes: the conversion of photons into gravitons in the static electromagnetic fields are considered by using Feynman perturbation techniques. The differential cross sections are presented for the conversion in the electric field of the flat condenser and the magnetic field of the solenoid. A numerical evaluation shows that the cross sections may have the observable value in the present technical scenario. CASI Accession Number: N95-30637 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- I have an excerpt from a paper presented under the auspices of Northrop Corp. in 1968 that gives an idea of why you would want to bother with high voltage fields. To achieve the effects described involved relatively small high voltage. The true electrogravitational effects are significant at higher E field strength. In any case, this was only the state of the art in 1968. Their involvement in the B-2 began much later, after considerably more research. Electroaerodynamics In Supersonic Flow by M. S. Cahn and G. M. Andrew, Northrop Corporation, Hawthorne, California Presented at AIAA 6th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, January 22-24, 1968 - Tom Capizzi (tcapizzi@world.std.com) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ELECTRO-AERODYNAMICS: Electric charges are applied to high-speed vehicles for the purpose of reducing air drag or eliminating sonic booms. High-speed ions are projected forward from the leading edges of the craft, the corona glow propagates forward and repels air molecules away from the oncoming surfaces, thus a shock wave cannot be mechanically produced. Sources: Dudley, Horace C., Analog Science Fact & Fiction. "The Electric Field Rocket", November 1960. Product Engineering. "Sonic Boom Experiments", Vol. 39, New York, pp. 35-6, March 11, 1968. US Patent No. 3,095,167, Dudley. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The paper entitled the "U.S. Antigravity Squadron" paper appears with others in the book "ELECTROGRAVITICS SYSTEMS: Reports on a New Propulsion Methodology" edited by Thomas Valone (Washington, D.C.: Integrity Research Institute, 1994); ISBN 0-9641070-0-7. In addition to this paper, this book also includes the following: 1) The 1956 paper "Electrogravitics Systems" (prepared by the Special Weapons Study Unit of Aviation Studies Ltd., a UK-based aviation industry intelligence firm). It was declassified from a confidential status some time prior to 1985 and entered the public domain as a result of a request I placed through the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Technical Library. 2) The 1956 paper "The Gravitics Situation" (prepared by Gravity Rand Ltd., a division of Aviation Studies Ltd. This includes six appendices with papers by various authors including the text from T. Townsend Brown's 1929 gravitor patent. 3) A paper by Banesh Hoffman entitled "Negative Mass as a Gravitational Source of Energy in the Quasistellar Radio Sources. 4) A collection of diagrams copied from various patents by T. Townsend Brown. You may order a copy from: Starburst Publications, 1176 Hedgewood Lane, Schenectady NY 12309, USA Also available from Starburst Publications is the book "Subquantum Kinetics: The Alchemy of Creation" (ISBN 0-9642025-0-6). Subquantum kinetics is a new approach to microphysical theory that utilizes concepts from the fields of nonlinear chemical kinetics, irreversible thermodynamics, and general system theory, replacing the current mechanistic foundation of physics with a reaction-kinetic model. This new approach resolves a number of problems that plague classical and modern physics also may provide some insights into the electrogravitic connection that Brown was researching. In particular, chapter 9 gives some background information on Townsend Brown's electrogravitics. __________________________________________________________________ Scott, W.B. "Black World engineers, scientists encourage using highly classified technology for civil applications." Aviation Week & Space Technology, March 9, 1992, pp. 66,67. Brown, T.T. "How I Control Gravity." Science and Invention Magazine, August 1929. Reprinted in Psychic Observer 37(1) pp.14 - 18. Burridge, G. "Another Step Towards Antigravity." The American Mercury 86(6) (1958):77 - 82. Sigma, Rho, "Ether Technology: A Rational Approach to Gravity Control." Lakemont, GA: CSA Printing & Bindery, 1977, p. 44-49, quoteing a letter from T. Townsend Brown dated February 14, 1973. Intel. "Towards Flight Without Stress or Strain...Or Weight." Intervia Magazine 11(5) (1956):373-374 Rose, M. "The Flying Saucer: The Application of the Biefeld-Brown Effect to the Solution of the Problems of Space Navigation." University for Social reesearch, April 8, 1952. LaViolette, P.A. "An Introduction to Subquantum Kinetics: Part Journal of General Systems, Special Issue on Systems Thinking in Physics" 11(1985):295-328. LaViolette, P.A. "Subquantum Kinetics: The Alchemy of Creation." Schenectady, NY, 1994. LaViolette, P.A. "Beyond the Big Bang: Ancient Myth and the Science of Continuous Creation." Rochester, VT:Inner Traditions Intl., 1994. LaViolette, P.A. "A Theory of Electrogravtics." Electric Spacecraft Journal, Issue 8, 1993, pp. 33 - 36. LaViolette, P.A. "A Tesla Wave Physics for a Free Energy Universe." Proceedings of the 1990 International Tesla Symposium, Colorado Springs, CO: International Tesla Society, 1991, pp. 5.1 - 5.19. Aviation Studies (International) Ltd. "Electrogravitic Systems: An Examination of Electrostatic Motion, Dynaimc Counterbary and Barycentric Control." Report GRG 013/56 by Aviation Studies, Special Weapons Study Unit, London, February 1956. (Library of Congress No. 3,1401,00034,5879; Call No. TL565.A9). LaViolette, P. "Electrogravitics: Back to the Future." Electric Spacecraft Journal, Issue 4, 1992, pp. 23 - 28. LaViolette, P. "Electrogravtics: An Energy-Efficient Means of Spacecraft Propulsion." Explore 3 (1991): 76 - 79; idea No. 100159 submitted to NASA's 1990 Space Exploration Outreach Program. Aviation Studies (International) Ltd. "The Gravitics Situation". prepared by Gravity Rand Ltd. - a divison of Aviation Studies, London, December 1956. Northrup Studying Sonic Boom Remedy." Aviation Week & Space Technology, Jan. 22, 1968, p.21. Rhodes, L. "Ex-NASA Expert Says Stealth Uses Parts from UFO." Arkansas Democrat, Little Rock, AR., April 9, 1990. Scott, W.B. "Inside the Stealth Bomber" Tab/Aero Books: New York, 1991. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ One of the most famous researchers in this area is John Searl, who noticed that spinning metal would accumulate electrons on the rim, possibly through some kind of centrifugal thrust. The initial test was a metal disk attached to a breakaway coupling driven by a gasoline engine. It was carried out in the country and as the disk reached higher and higher speeds, tremendous electrostatic forces were generated which were estimated at 10 to the 6th volts! That's when the disk began to glow blue, broke the coupling, rose to about 30 feet, continued to accelerate, turned pink and shot off into space. Searl claims this happened with many of his early tests and as a result he lost the device each time. Later he learned how to control the device. The neat thing about it, the Searl disk is self-propelling using a magnetic drive. -- Jerry Decker ---------------------------------------------------------------------- THE SEARL EFFECT (The Introduction) [To contact WCVE write to: 23 Sesame Street Richmond VA, 23235 or phone: 804-320-1301 or fax: 804-320-8729] ------------------------- ANTIGRAVITY: The Dream made Reality [The Story of John R. R. Searl] by John A. Thomas Jr. Published by Direct International Science Consortium 13 Blackburn, Low Strand, Grahame Park Estate, London NW95NG England Available in this country through John A. Thomas, Jr. 373 Rock Beach Rd. Rochester, NY 14617-1316 Phone: (716) 467-2694 Thomas, John A., Jr. Antigravity : the dream made reality : the story of John R.R. Searl / by John A. Thomas Jr. London : Direct International Science Consortium, c1993. 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC178 .T46 1993 SUBJECTS: Searl, John R. R. (John Roy Robert), 1932-. Antigravity. ISBN: 1898827990 (spiral) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- NEXUS Magazine Volume 2, Number 17 P.O. Box 177 Kempton, IL 60946 Phone: (815) 252-6464 Fax: (815) 253-6300 Extraordinary Science Volume VI. Issue 2 ISSN 1043-3716 ________________________________________________________________ Aspden, Harold A. (1989). "The Theory of the Gravitation Constant," Physical Essays, Vol. 2, No. 2, pages 173-179. Aspden, Harold A. (1991). "The Theory of Antigravity," Physical Essays, Vol. 4, no. 1, pages 13-19. ------------------------------------------------------------------- Electrogravitic Systems: Reports on a New Propulsion Methodology by Thomas Valone, M.A., P.E. The Anti-Gravity Handbook by D. Hatcher Childress Ether-Technology: A Rational Approach to Gravity-Control by Rho Sigma ____________________________________________________________________ Sigma, Rho. Forschung in Fesseln : das Ratsel d. Elektro-Gravitation / von Rho Sigma. Wiesbaden-Schierstein : Ventla-Verl., 1972. 272 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: TL789 .S524 1972 SUBJECTS: Unidentified flying objects. Gravitation. ISBN: DM24.00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- There is also a good book written by an Aerospace Engineer who worked for General Electric, named John Ackerman. The book is called "To Catch a Flying Star". It is available from Univelt, Inc., P.O. Box 28130, San Diego, CA. 92128 ISBN 0-912183-03-9. AUTHOR: Ackerman, John. TITLE: To catch a flying star : a scientific theory of UFOs / by John Ackerman ; with a forward by Walter H. Andrus, Jr. PUBL.: San Diego, Calif. : Univelt, DATE: 1989 SUBJECT: UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECTS, SPACECRAFT, UFOs, INTERSTELLAR SPACECRAFT, INTERSTELLAR TRAVEL LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, ASTRONAUTICS FLIGHT CONTROL ISBN: 0912183039 (pbk.) ____________________________________________________________________ ELECTRIC SPACECRAFT JOURNAL $24 yr. US P.O. BOX 18387 $29 yr. Canada/Mexico Asheville, North Carolina 28814 $39 yr. other countries I highly recommend this semi-pro publication. Buy all the back issues too! It's not just 'counterbary', but has articles on energy anomalies, Tesla, unconventional hobby projects, unconventional physics, etc. SPACE ENERGY NEWS The Space Energy Association is dedicated PO Box 11422 to the pioneering work of several sci- Clearwater FL 34616 entists and inventors, including Nikola Suscription info:$35, 4 issu/yr Telsa, Viktor Schauberger, T. Henry Moray, Editors: Donald A. Kelly T.T. Brown, Alfred Hubbard, T.J.J. See, Michael Marino Erwin Saxl, Hans Coler and others. ________________________________________________________________________ "Antigravity" by R.M. Santilli The Institute for Basic Research, PO Box 1577 Palm Harbor FL 34682 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Recently I had read a book from Hans A. Nieper with the title "Konversion von Schwerkraft-Feld-Energie" (transformation of gravity field energy). This book tells from transformers of the types Fluxtransformer (electrodynamic system) and Capacitor Discharge (solid state method). My problem is that I find nowhere informations about these machines. So I hope that YOU can give me hints whre I can find informations (books, files,articles ...) about these machines and theories. I am also grateful for your opinions about these theory and these machines. -- Michael Bell Berlin, Germany Revolution in Technik, Medizin, Gesellschaft. English. Revolution in technology, medicine and society : conversion of gravity field energy / Hans A. Nieper. Extended ed. in English, 1. ed. Oldenburg : MIT Verlag, 1985. 384 p. : ill. ; 22 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: TJ163.7 .R4813 1985 SUBJECTS: Power (Mechanics)--Congresses. Translation of: Revolution in Technik, Medizin, Gesellschaft. Cover title: Dr. Nieper's Revolution in technology, medicine, and society. Includes proceedings of the Symposium on Energy Technology, Hannover, Nov. 27-28, 1980, and the First International Symposium on Non-Conventional Energy Technology, Oct. 23-24, Toronto, Oct. 23-24, 1981. ISBN: 392518807X ______________________________________________________________________ Nieper, Hans A. Zur Theorie der Schwerkraftwirkungen. In "Revolution in Technik Medizin Gesellschaft", Bearden, T. E. Maxwell's lost Unified Field Theory of Electromagnetics and Gravitation. In "New Energy Technology", pg. 25. Published by The Planetary Association for Clean Energy, nc. Ottawa/Hull, Canada. Bearden, Thomas E. (1988). "Maxwell's Original Quaternion Theory Was a Unified Field Theory of Electromagnetics and Gravitation," Proceedings of the International Tesla Society, 1988, ITS Books. Moretti, Angelo. Possibility of Non-Zero Mass in Synchrotron Radiation. In "What Physics for the next century?" pg. 397 - Inediti No. 59, Societ_Editrice Andromeda, Bologna Gunnufson, Craig. Neuere Neutrinomessungen aus der Sonne unterstuetzen eine neue Theorie. Lecture held at a congress on Gravity Field Energy in Toronto, Oct. 1981. In Nieper, "Revolution in Technik Medizin Gesellschaft", Illmer Verlag, Hannover Seike, Shinichi. Lecture held at Energy Symposium in Hannover, November 1980. In Nieper, Revolution in Technik Medizin Gesellschaft. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Anyone ever see Stan Deyo's book Cosmic Conspiracy? He talked about an ElectroGravitics society I think it was. These things must have some sort of high voltage resonating circuitry, in a round shape obviously. They can recharge over high power lines. They can apparently become invisible. They also must be able to change their mass so they can accelerate at very high rates. For anyone interested, he wrote a second book called "The Vindicator Scrolls" which contains more information. ------------------------------------------------------------ "Space Warps: A Review of One Form of Propulsionless Transport," _Journal of the British Interplanetary Society_ 42 (Nov. 1989): 533-542. "Negative Matter Propulsion," _Journal of Propulsion and Power_ 1 (Jan.-Feb. 1990): 28-37. ------------------------------------------------------------- Vonsovskii, S, Ferromagnetic Resonance, 1966. Feynman, R, Feynman Lectures on Physics, v2, 1964 Chikazumi, S, Physics of Magnetism, 1964 Soohoo, R, Microwave Magnetics, 1988 Herlach, F, Strong and Ultrastrong Magnetic Fields, 1985 --------------------------------------------------------------- [1] The Feynman Lectures on Physics, 1963, v1 chp13 p8. [2] Bottcher, C., Theory of Electric Polarization, 1973, v1 pp71,289. [3] Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, 1949, pp522-523. --------------------------------------------------------------------- Feynman's Lectures Vol II Chapter 10, Page 10-8, describes an electrostatic effect that may be related to the Biefeld-Brown effect. Feynman shows that a force results on a dielectric due to the gradient of the square of the electrical field. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- There have been quite a few people who have also looked at 'gravitationless' universes, such as: Ralph Juergens, 'Reconciling Celestial Mechanics', Pensee Fall 1992. C E R Bruce, A New Approach to Astrophysics and Cosmogony, London 1944 Problems of Atmospheric and Space Electricity, Elsevier, 1965 Eric Crew, Electricity in Astronomy, SIS Review, Vol 1 No 1-4. Earl Milton, Electric Stars in a Gravity-Less Electrified Cosmos SIS Review, Vol V, No 1. Ian Tresman London, UK --------------------------------------------------------------- AUTHOR: Driscoll, R.B. TITLE: Comments on the paper "Gravitational lift via the Coriolis force" by Leon R. Dragone. In: Hadronic journal. JUL 01 1988 v 11 n 4 Page: 177 ------------------------------------------------------------------ Paper: gr-qc/9503060 From: linet@ccr.jussieu.fr (Bernard LINET) Date: Thu, 30 Mar 1995 14:55:07 +0200 Title: Vacuum polarization induced by a uniformly accelerated charge Author: B. Linet Report-no: GCR-941003 We consider a point charge fixed in the Rindler coordinates which describe a uniformly accelerated frame. We determine an integral expression of the induced charge density due to the vacuum polarization at the first order in the fine structure constant. In the case where the acceleration is weak, we give explicitly the induced electrostatic potential. Paper: gr-qc/9504023 From: Mathias PILLIN Date: Mon, 17 Apr 1995 10:43:50 +0900 Title: Pure spin-connection formulation of gravity and classification of energy-momentum tensors Author: Mathias PILLIN Report-no: YITP/U-95-12 It is shown how the different irreducibility classes of the energy-momentum tensor allow for a pure spin-connection formulation. Ambiguities in this formulation especially concerning the need for constraints are clarified. Paper: gr-qc/9504041 From: SHORE@crnvma.cern.ch Date: Tue, 25 Apr 95 17:22:56 SET Title: ``Faster than Light'' Photons in Gravitational Fields -- Causality, Anomalies and Horizons Authors: G.M. Shore Report-no: SWAT-95/70 A number of general issues relating to superluminal photon propagation in gravitational fields are explored. The possibility of superluminal, yet causal, photon propagation arises because of Equivalence Principle violating interactions induced by vacuum polarisation in QED in curved spacetime. Two general theorems are presented: first, a polarisation sum rule which relates the polarisation averaged velocity shift to the matter energy-momentum tensor and second, a `horizon theorem' which ensures that the geometric event horizon for black hole spacetimes remains a true horizon for real photon propagation in QED. A comparision is made with the equivalent results for electromagnetic birefringence and possible connections between superluminal photon propagation, causality and the conformal anomaly are exposed. Paper: hep-th/9506035 From: Gary Gibbons Date (revised): Sun, 27 Aug 95 11:31:39 BST Title: Electric-Magnetic Duality Rotations in Non-Linear Electrodynamics Authors: G W Gibbons, D A Rasheed -- To appear in Nucl Phys B Report-no: DAMTP preprint # R95/46. We show that there is a function of one variable's worth of Lagrangians for a single Maxwell field coupled to gravity whose equations of motion admit electric-magnetic duality. Paper: gr-qc/9506053 From: ESPOSITO@napoli.infn.it Date: Mon, 26 Jun 1995 10:24:36 +0200 (CET-DST) Title: Euclidean Maxwell Theory in the Presence of Boundaries Author: Giampiero Esposito Comments: 18 pages, plain-tex, to appear in: Heat-Kernel Techniques and Quantum Gravity, Discourses in Mathematics and Its Applications, No. 4, edited by S.A. Fulling (Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 1995) Report-no: DSF preprint 95/31 This paper describes recent progress in the analysis of relativistic gauge conditions for Euclidean Maxwell theory in the presence of boundaries. The corresponding quantum amplitudes are studied by using Faddeev-Popov formalism and zeta-function regularization, after expanding the electromagnetic potential in harmonics on the boundary 3-geometry. This leads to a semiclassical analysis of quantum amplitudes, involving transverse modes, ghost modes, coupled normal and longitudinal modes, and the decoupled normal mode of Maxwell theory. Paper: gr-qc/9507050 From: Luis Octavio Pimentel Date: Tue, 25 Jul 1995 11:19:44 -0500 (CDT) Title: Electromagnetic Field in Some Anisotropic Stiff Fluid Universes Authors: Pimentel L O Report-no: UAMI-AG-95-29 The electromagnetic field is studied in a family of exact solutions of the Einstein equations whose material content is a perfect fluid with stiff equation of state (p = $\epsilon $ ). The field equations are solved exactly for several members of the family. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- El Escorial Summer School on Gravitation and General Relativity 1992: Rotating objects and relativistic physics: Proceedings of the El Escorial Summer School on Gravitation and General Relativity (1992) Held at El Escorial, Spain, 24-28 August 1992 / F.J. Chinea, L.M. Gonzalez-Romero, eds. Berlin ; New York : Springer-Verlag, c1993. 302p. LC CALL NUMBER: QC178 .E36 1992 SUBJECTS: Gravitational fields. General relativity. Astrophysics Chinea, F. J. (Francisco Javier), 1949- Gonzalez-Romero, L. M. (Luis Manuel), 1962- ISBN: 354057364X (Berlin : acid-free paper) : DM90.00 038757364X (New York : acid-free paper) : $62.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Propulsion Techniques: Action and Reaction", Peter J. Turchi, editor, Ohio State University This is the first of three volumes devoted to space propulsion part of a new series of titles with articles taken from the pages of Aerospace America. The three volume collection of over 150 articles rescues the insights, concerns and dreams of dozens of space propulsion experts for the next generation of aerospace scientists and engineers. Written by well-known figures in space propulsion, including Werner von Braun, Martin Summerfield, Ernst Stuhlinger and Jerry Grey, these books provide readily accessible source material for design courses in astronautical engineering. This first volume surveys the technologies of rocketry in the traditional categories of liquid, solid, hybrid, nuclear and electric propulsion. Historical trends and cycles are displayed in each category as articles describe concepts and progress from the early visions of Goddard, Oberth and Tsiolkovsky to proposed (and re-proposed) ideas for advanced space thrusters. In addition to descriptions of rocket engines of various types, including photon and laser propulsion, associated technologies for propellants and space-electrical power systems are discussed. Spring 1995, 350 pp, illus, Paperback ISBN 1-56347-115-9 (Available from the AIAA) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------I have a book from Russia that may interest you. Its in Russian and its called "Experimental Gravity", and is jointly authored by a father and son, S.M. Poliakov and O.M. Poliakov. It describes "gyro-gravity" and "ferromagnetic-gravity" and also how to produce gravity. It's 130 pages and contains a lot of pictures and diagrams and equations (that's about all I understand from it). To judge from the pictures the Russians must have conducted a lot of research in this topic (Many different devices are on the pictures). The question is now: How do I get a translator? -- David Jonsson ------------------------------------------------------------------------ INTRODUCTION TO EXPERIMENTAL GRAVITONICS Abstract of book by S.M.Poliakov and O.S.Poliakov The experiments part covers the following subjects: 1. Light-beam curvature and optical-radiation frequency shift is created and investigated in an artificial nonhomogeneous gravitational field. A new gravitational effect, named "quadrature" frequency shift in the curved light beam is predicted and calculated. 2. Magnetostriction is at last explained as a secondary gravitational effect. An equation derived for magnetostriction permits to calculate the magnetostriction curve. 3. The propagation velocity of gravitational radiation (generated by a laboratory source) was measured for "quadrupole" - 9x10E20 cm/s or squared light velocity. 4. It was demonstrated that gravitation is only one of NONLINEAR-MECHANICS EFFECT, that can be created in mechanical system or in ferromagnetic. The book was published at the author's expense in 1991. Most powerful experimental result described in this book is more than 1200 gramms of pulsed G-force. Several mechanical systems and systems using ferrites are detailed here. Second edition in English is ready for copy process (disket's text). Editors and investors are interested in joint project for publication can get direct contact with Dr. Poliakov by address: Moscow area, 141120, FRIAZINO, 60-let str., 1-167. Phone 7-095-4658822. Alexander V. Frolov P.O.Box 37, St.-Petersburg, 193024, Russia. E-mail: alex@frolov.spb.ru ______________________________________________________________________ Super-weapon designer Edward Teller has written an article entitled: "Electromagnetism and Gravitation", Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA Vol 74, No 4. P. 2664-2666. Teller's article is referenced in the book by the Poliakov brothers about Russian experiments in gravitation control. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ I wrote already about Poliakov's book "Experimental Gravitonics". He wrote it in 1991 and published in Russian. Now he have English version as MSDOS text on diskett. If you wish help for Dr.Poliakov, write for him and buy book in Russian or copy of text in English. Here is more information. -- Alex Frolov "Experimental Gravitonics" Spartak M. Poliakov, Oleg S. Poliakov Russia 141120 Moscow area, Friazino, 60-let SSSR str., 1 - 167. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 New notions of things forgotten long ago @1 Is the "light barrier" penetrable? p.7 @2 Energy relations and the mechanism of "C-barrier" penetration. p.10 Chapter 2 Microstructural models of the photon and electron @1 What do we know about the photon, an electromagnetic-radiation quantum? p.21 @2 Uniquanta parameters p.23 1. Uniquanta spin ( postulated ) p.23 a. Linear polarization Fig.8a p.25 b. Circularly polarized nonrotating photon Fig.8b. p.26 c. Circularly polarized rotating photon. P.26 2. Magnetic moment of a uniquantum (postulated) p.27 3. Uniquantum gravitational mass ( postulated ) p.27 4. Equivalent charge and radius of a uniquantum. p.27 5. Tangential velocity of uniquantum rotation p.29 6. Uniquantum magnetic field p.30 7. Gravitational constant of the uniquantum p.30 8. Gravitational field of the uniquantum p.31 @3 Photon model p.32 @4 Phenomenological microstructural model of the electron p.35 @5 Derivation of approximate gravitational equations of practical interest p.45 part 2 Experimental verification of new gravitational equations p.55 Chapter 1 Experimental verification of mechanical gravitational equations @1 Problems pertaining to the velocity of gravitational-radiation propagation p.56 @2 Principles of determining the propagation velocity of the unknow radiation from the measured momentum of recoil. p.59 @3 Description of the experimental set-up p.64 @4 Gyroscopic multipole "Buket" (Bouget) p.68 @5 Investigation of the effects of dummy shock rotation p.77 @6 The effect of shock braking of the rotating gyroscope p.79 @7 Quadrupole generator of directional gravitational radiation "Yoilka" (Fir) p.80 1. Swing of dummies p.82 2. Swing of gyroscopes p.83 3. Precession of dummies p.84 4. Precession of gyroscopes p.85 @8 Experimental results for the quadrupole generator p.86 @9 Mathematical model of the quadrypole generator p.89 @10 Questions of practical application of the results p.107 Chapter 2 Experimental verification of the natural relation between magnetism and gravitation, corollaries from the microstructural model of electron p.111 @1 Gravitational interpretation of magnetostriction p.114 Experimental results p.117 @2 Magnetostrictive curvature of optical beam p.118 Choice of the material for magnetogravioptical investigations p.121 Magnetic-gap parameters p.123 Experimental methods p.123 @3 Gravioptical effects in GRT p.126 @4 Gravitational frequency shift of optical relation in a nonhomogeneously -magnetized ferromagnetic material p.128 @5 Quadratic gravioptical effect p.130 @6 Some fantastic possibilities opening for modern fundamental science p131 @7 Generator of short gravitational pulses ( by ferromagnetics ) p.134 @8 Problem of gravitational receiver p.137 Conclusion p.139 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. H.E.Puthoff, The energetic vacuum: implications for energy research, Speculations in science and technology, vol.13, No.3, p.247. 2. Thomas Valone, Inertial propulsion... Newsletter of Planetary Association for Clean Energy, vol.7 No.1, p.6-12. Published by PACE, Inc. 100 Bronson Av.,Suite 1001, Ottawa, Ontario K1R 6G8, Canada. 3. Re NASA electrostatic levitation experiments and Thomas Townsend Brown's research look the Newsletter of Planetary Association for Clean Energy, vol.7 No.4.p.7. July, 1994. "Electrogravitics developments" reprinted from NEXUS Special. 4. "The Swiss Methernitha-Linden Converter", p.3-6. Space Energy Newsletter, June 1993, vol.4 No.2. Published by Space Energy Association, P.O.Box 11422, Clearwater, FL 34616, USA. My understanding of this electrostatic machine allows development of a simple scheme: self-rotating thanks to electrostatic forces disk and ordinary electrical generator connected with axis of disk. 5. Conception of Edmund Whittaker (papers of 1903-1904) is developed by T.E.Bearden in his book "Gravitobiology", published by Tesla Book Co., P.O.Box 121873, Chula Vista, CA 91912, USA. 6. P.D. Ouspensky, A New Model of the Universe, New York, 1971.p.433 in Russian edition of 1993. 7. Example of joint demonstration of "gravity/chronal/over-unit power" effect is invention of Ivan Stepanovitch Filimonenko of 1960. His version of cold fusion system produced: 1. Heat power 2. Motive force without fling back of mass 3. Influence on time-period of half-decay. Article of N.E.Zaev published in "Izobretatel i Razionalizator", Russia, No.1 1995, p.8-9. 8. Alexander V. Frolov, The Application of Potential Energy for Creation of Power, New Energy News, vol.2, No.1, May 1994. Published by Institute for New Energy, P.O.Box 58639, Salt Like City, UT 84158-8639, USA. 9. V.V.Lensky, General for Many-Polarity, Irkutsk, Russia, 1986. Published in Russian by Irkutsk University. 10. N.A.Kozyrev, Selected works, 1991, published by University of St.-Petersburg, in Russian. =================================================================== BEARDEN, THOMAS E., AND WALTER ROSENTHAL (1991). "ON A TESTABLE UNIFICATION OF ELECTROMAGNETICS, GENERAL RELATIVITY, AND QUANTUM MECHANICS," 26TH IECEC, VOL. 4, PAGES 487-492, AND ASSOCIATION OF DISTINGUISHED AMERICAN SCIENTISTS. BEARDEN, THOMAS (1992). "A REDEFINITION OF THE ENERGY ANSATZ, LEADING TO A FUNDAMENTALLY NEW CLASS OF NUCLEAR INTERACTIONS," 27TH IECEC, PAGES 4.303-4.310, AND ASSOCIATION OF DISTINGUISHED AMERICAN SCIENTISTS. GROTZ, TOBY (1992). "THE USE OF MIRROR IMAGE SYMMETRY IN COIL WINDING, APPLICATIONS AND ADVANTAGES IN MAGNETIC FIELD GENERATION," 27TH IECEC, PAGES 4.311-4.313. HATHAWAY, GEORGE D. (1991). "FROM ANTI-GRAVITY TO ZERO-POINT ENERGY: A TECHNICAL REVIEW OF ADVANCED PROPULSION CONCEPTS," AIDAA/AIAA/DGLR/JSASS 22ND INTERNATIONAL ELECTRIC PROPULSION CONFERENCE, VIAREGGIO, ITALY. LAVIOLETTE, PAUL A. (1991). "SUBQUANTUM KINETICS: EXPLORING THE CRACK IN THE FIRST LAW," 26TH IECEC, VOL. 4, PAGES 352-357. SURGALLA, LYNN A. (1991). "NONLINEAR DYNAMICS: MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS FOR 21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGY (A TUTORIAL FOR ENGINEERS)," 26TH IECEC, VOL. 4, PAGES 394-399. VALONE, THOMAS (1991). "NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY AND PROPULSION METHODS," 26TH IECEC, VOL. 4, PAGES 439-444. DEPALMA, BRUCE (1991). "MAGNETISM AS A DISTORTION OF A PRE-EXISTENT PRIMORDIAL ENERGY FIELD AND THE POSSIBILITY OF EXTRACTION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY DIRECTLY FROM SPACE," 26TH IECEC, VOL. 4, PAGES 429-432. VALONE, THOMAS (1991). "THE ONE-PIECE FARADAY GENERATOR: RESEARCH RESULTS," 26TH IECEC, VOL. 4, PAGES 473-478. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- AUTHOR :Znidarsic, Frank TITLE :Elementary antigravity / Frank Znidarsic. LANGUAGE :ENGLISH PUBLISHED :New York : Vantage Press ; 1989 PHYSICAL DESC :53 p. ; 21 cm. SUBJECT :Gravitation, Antigravity Title: THE SOURCE OF INERTIAL AND GRAVITATIONAL MASS Author: Frank Znidarsic P.E. FZNIDARS@GPU.COM, ELECTRICAL ENGINEER WITH THE PENN ELECTRIC CO. JOHNSTOWN, Pa. COMMENTS: 8 PAGES ASCII TXT FILE. NEW ENERGY PROJECT, Submitted to the Canadian Journal of Physics, July 94 resubmitted Jan 95 Texted in the DOS editor. (Available at Elektromagnum web site) Title: GENESIS OF AND ZERO POINT ENERGY Author: FZNIDARSIC@GPU.COM, F. Znidarsic Electrical Engineer with the Pennsylvania Electric Co. Johnstown Pa. Comments: ASCII *.TXT, 5 PAGES, Texted on DOS editor submitted to the Canadian Journal of Physics July 94, Resubmitted Jan 95 Report_no: Special Energy Prog. (Available at Elektromagnum web site) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Jackson text is entirely wrong if it does discuss magnetic fields without a potential - the electromagnetic 4-potential A always applies to the conservation of 4-momentum (energy and momentum) by electromagnetic interactions. See GRAVITATION by Misner, Thorne, and Wheeler. --------------------------------------------------------------------- The causative agent of gravitational gradients (Potential) was first enumerated G. L. Le Sage in 1784. H. A. Lorentz and G. H. Darwin evaluated Le Sage's postulate mathematically and rejected it when, as a result of their evaluation, it was found that although the postulated process could describe all observed gravitational phenomena (and inherently results is GR), the mechanism REQUIRED a continuous overall LOSS of energy (apparently disappearing into matter, in a clear violation of the conservation of energy). I could go on to suggest that mining this concept and process could lead one to significant "pay dirt" in terms of understanding how GR relates to QM. The kinetic model of Le Sage does lead to a valid model for physical processes. The key is Super-Fluid theory. Both GR and QM are fully described as well as why each dominates at the scales they do. Hemholtz proved that a superfluid vortex ring is infinitely stable and without a boundary dis-continuty can not be created or destroyed. Kelvin mathematically proved that the equations that describe small linear disturbances in a a superfluid vortex sponge are IDENTICAL to the equations that describe the propogation of light through space. A EXCELLENT book on this topic is "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity" by Sir Edmund Whitaker, Dover Reprint 1989 and I can not give any reference a higher recommendation. Why is this information not known, that sir is a very long and interesting story. - Paul Stowe ---------------------------------------------------------------------- For a much more current model, than LeSage, of a sink-source interpretation of gravity, see O.C. Hilgenberg's "Gravitation, Tromben, und Wellen in bewegten Medien" (1931), GieSmann & Bartsch. It's in German. It's in the National Union Catalogue. If you don't read German, then Carl Frederick Krafft's "Ether and Matter" (1945), Dietz Printing Co., contains some portions translated from Hilgenberg's work. Hilgenberg developed a quantum numbering system of the atoms based upon Krafft's ether-vortex atom model, entitled "Quantenzahlen, Wirbelring-Atommodelle und Heliumsechserring- Aufbauprinzip des Periodensystems der chemischen Elemente" Which means roughly: A Quantum Number, Vortex Atom model and Hexagonal-ring construction principle of the periodic system of the chemical elements. Krafft saw the quantization of energy as a logical consequence of a system of particles consisting of, basically, pumps, which could take in and give out energy and ether/space at limited rates, based on rotations of the various rings. In his model, as opposed to LeSage's, the flux terminates in what he called equipotential zones, much as one would see if two jets of water were to collide coaxially. So, the intake of two bodies "squirting" out ether, will be on the back sides of both bodies, and hence, they are pushed together. LeSage saw each body acting as sheilds to the ultramundane particles racing in all directions in space (cosmic rays forseen in the 18th century!) Thus the two bodies move into each others 'shadow'. Louis Kevran's work on low energy transmutations of the elements was predicted by Krafft's model. And there was a man named Nemos who claimed to have developed a television type microscope not limited by the optical paths of standard microscopes, and I have a photo he took which shows, it is claimed, the nucleous of an iron atom, as a collection of vortices arranged peripherally (non-coaxially). It's like looking down on pearl-like smoke rings connected by vibrating jets. It's an amazing photo(?) Krafft's prediction was that the proton and electron would be double vortex structures, and the neutron a triple vortex structure. The picture seems to confirm that. So much for my two bits. The work of Krafft is not heavily laden with math. The beauty of it to me is it can be visualized. (Note: Nemo's "microscope" may be based on the technology very recently developed which is known as magnetic microscopy.) I have a neat little book written by Carl Krafft, back in the 30s. He was an avid developer of an ether-vortex theory of atomic and gravitational forces. His theory was underpinned by the writings of O.C. Hilgenberg and Hermanne Fricke of Germany, pre-Nazi. Hilgenberg's views included a vertical ether sink as the cause of gravity, and the consequent development of mass in the enterior of the earth. Hence the earth expanded over time, with periodic explosive expansions and contractions. Meanwhile, Krafft developed the idea of combining vortices in face to face rolling contact, which provides four basic forms: single vortice=neutrino; double vortice, with rolling contact drawing ether into the periphery-proton; with rolling contact into the poles-electron; then the neutron which is three vortices combining forming a neutral, polarizeable particle drawing ether into one end, out the sides, in the sides out the other end. Krafft's books were all self published. -- Roger Cathey ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Is there anyone out there who is familiar with modern Kaluza-Klein theory? Or even with the kind Kaluza got Einstein to buy into in 1921 or whenever it was...? This is supposed to unify gravity and electromagnetics in a five-dimensional model. Would it not predict the kind of effects Brown was experimenting with, if true? -John Sangster Kaluza and Klein had the idea of extending GR to 5 dimensions. When they did Maxwell's eqns. just sort of pop out. Unfortunately the weak and strong nuclear forces don't. So people try expanding GR into 10, 11 or even 26. It's interesting to do the reverse. Expand Maxwell's eqns. into 5 dimensions. I did it and soon I'll (hopefully) give some details. But essentially you get two out of three of Newton's gravitational equations. You get something similar to the third eqn. but I haven't convinced myself that mine is a generalization of Newton's. -Ray Cote, KSC Kaluza-Klein theories are an attempt to give a general relativistic explaination for all the forces of nature not just gravity. The original Kaluza-Klein idea was hatched in 1920 by Kaluza and in 1926 by Klein. The basic idea is that there are 4 space dimensions and 1 time dimension (a 5 dimensional maifold) rather than the 3 space dimensions and 1 time dimesnions that there appear to be. Then generalizing Einsteins field equations to this 5 dimensional space (and making the assumption that one of the dimensions gets "curled" up or "compactified") you find that you get Einsteins 4D field equations plus Maxwell's equations. The way that this happens is one of the most beautiful aspects of this theory, and it really makes you (or at least it makes me) think that there should be at least some aspect of this theory that has some correspondence in reality. Kaluza-Klein theories were revived in the mid seventies by A. Chodos (I think) who showed how you can incorparte all the interactions that we know about now (the strong and the weak forces which weren't unified with gravity in Kaluza's original theory, which only unified EM and gravity) by taking spacetime to be 11 dimensional (10 space dimensions and 1 time). I can't really think of a good laymans intro to Kaluza-Klein, but there is a Physics Report in 1985 and 1986 that gives a review of Kaluza-Klein theories by Bailin and Love (?). And there is a Frontiers of Physics book edited by T. Appelquist which reprints most of the important articles on the subject. - Doug Singleton ------------------------------------------------------------ "The Possibly Unifying Effect of the Dynamic Theory", May 1983, by P.E. Williams This is part of a series of works by Williams. The novel aspect of the work it that Williams starts from thermodynamics instead of the usual general relativistic and Newtonian approach. Williams develops the 5-D field equations and the neo-coulombic potential. The equations allow for inductive coupling between the electric and gravitational fields. -- Dennis Cravens ------------------------------------------------------------------ Kaku, Michio. Hyperspace : a scientific odyssey through parallel universes, time warps, and the 10th dimension / Michio Kaku. New York : Oxford University Press, LC CALL NUMBER: QC793.3.F5 K35 1994 *CIP SUBJECTS: Kaluza-Klein theories. Superstring theories. Hyperspace. ISBN: 0195085140 (alk. paper) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ THE INTERACTION OF MAGNETIZATIONS WITH AN EXTERNAL ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD AND A TIME-DEPENDENT MAGNETIC AHARONOV-BOHM EFFECT Joint Inst. for Nuclear Research, Dubna (USSR). AFANASEV, G.N. NELHIEBEL, M. STEPANOVSKIJ, YU. P. AB(Technische Univ., Vienna, Austria.) AC(Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine.) 1994 20 PAGES DE95-613463 JINR-E-2-94-297 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 (US Sales Only) We investigate how the choice of the magnetization distribution inside the sample affects its interaction with the external electromagnetic field. The strong selectivity to the time dependence of the external electromagnetic field arises for the particular magnetizations. This can be used for the storage and ciphering of information. We propose a time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm-like experiment in which the phase of the wave function is changed by the time-dependent vector magnetic potential. The arising time-dependent interference picture may be viewed as a new channel for the information transfer. CASI Accession Number: N95-30368 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- AUTHOR :Doughty, Noel A. (Noel Arthur) TITLE :Lagrangian interaction : an introduction to relativistic symmetry in electrodynamics and gravitation / Noel A. Doughty. PUBLISHED :Sydney ; Readwood City, Calif. : Addison-Wesley, c1990. DESC :xix, 569 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. SUBJECT :Electrodynamics, Gravitation, Relativity, Symmetry ------------------------------------------------------------------------ GENERALIZED HALL ACCELERATION FOR SPACE PROPULSION SASOH, AKIHIRO AATohoku University, Sendai, Japan In: International Symposium on Space Technology and Science, 18th, Kagoshima, Japan, May 17-22, 1992. Vols. 1 & 2 . A95-82299 Tokyo, Japan ISTS Editorial Board 1992 6 PAGES 1992 p. 403-408 The operation characteristics of electric propulsion devices which utilize Hall effect have been generalized. The electrostatic acceleration is enhanced by thermoelectric effect; an ion kinetic energy can be higher than that associated with the electrostatic potential. Depending on the extent of this effect, there exist two acceleration modes, an electrostatic and an electrostatic/electrothermal hybrid one, the latter characterized by low voltage. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACTS OF THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY: vol. 12 (1991)p.572 Abstract *91T-81-200 by Alexander Abian: "The inertia of Time and the energy spent on moving Time forward" vol. 13 (1992)p.344 Abstract *92T-81-79 by Alexander Abian: "The universal Time" vol. 15 (1994)p.437 Abstract *94T-81-92 by Alexander Abian "Time has inertia. Equivalence of Time and mass" vol. 15 (1994)p.585 Abstract *94T-81-164 by Alexander Abian "Time has inertia. Equivalence of Time and mass. How to measure the mass of Time" _____________________________________________________________________________ Look up a paper published by Miguel Alcubierre in Classical and Quantum Gravity 11 (1994) pp. L73-L77. It's titled "The Warp-Drive: Hyper-Fast Travel within General Relativity". If you can follow a lot of math (or at least the gist of it) it is fascinating. -Ian McBride "The Warp drive: hyper-fast travel within general relativity" by: Miguel Alcubierre Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Wales, College of Cardiff, PO Box 913, Cardiff CFI 3YB, UK Article taken from the May 1994 issue of "Classical and Quantum Gravity", a scientific magazine wich you are not likely to find at your local newsagent. ABSTRACT. It is shown how, within the framework of general relativity and without the introduction of wormholes, it is possible to modify a spacetime in a way that allows a spaceship to travel with an arbitarily large speed. By a purely local expansion of spacetime behind the spaceship and an opposite contraction in front of it, motion faster than the speed of light as seen by observers outside the disturbed region is possible. The resulting distortion is reminicent of the 'warp drive' of science fiction. However, just as happens with wormholes, exotic matter will be needed in order to generate a distortion of spacetime like the one discussed here. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anomalous Info Nexus S P A C E D R I V E S PO Box 228 Kingston Springs, TN Introductory Reading List U S A 37O82-O228 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Anomalous Info Nexus, 615.952.5638, 3/12/24/96/14.4 Kbps v.32bis, for Space Drive Info, Files, and graphics. Correy, Lee, STAR DRIVER, Del Ray Books, New York, 1976, # 28994 (Fiction) Clarke, Arthur C., PROFILES OF THE FUTURE, Bantam Books, New York 1964, # H2734, pp. 46-6O, 235 Clarke, Arthur C., RENDEVOUS WITH RAMA, Ballantine Books New York 1974, # 24175, pp. 113-4, 2O7-8, 265-6 (Fiction) Davis, William O., Jr., "The Fourth Law Of Motion," ANALOG, May 1962, pp. 83-1O4 Dean, Norman L., "System For Converting Rotary Motion Into Unidirectional Motion," (Dean Drive) U.S. Patent # 2,886,976 Electric Spacecraft Journal, 73 Sunlight Dr, Leicester, NC 28748, 704.683.0313 Voice / 704.683.3511 FAX / 615.952.5638 BBS Published since 1991, Quarterly, Subscription Rate: $24/Yr (Only U.S. publication dedicated to Space Drives R&D) Forward, Robert L., "Spin Drive To The Stars," ANALOG, Apr 1981, pp. 64-7O Harrison, Harry, THE DALETH EFFECT, Berkley SF Books, New York, 1977, # S188O, (Fiction) Kidd, Alexander D. (Aka Sandy), "Gyroscopic Apparatus", U.S. Patent # 5,O24,112 Pournelle, Jerry, A STEP FARTHER OUT, Ace Books, New York, 1983, #78586, pp. 17O-187, 229-238 Sellings, Arthur, THE QUY EFFECT, Berkley SF Books, New York, 1967, # X135O, (Fiction) Stine, G. Harry, "Detesters, Phasers, and Dean Drives," ANALOG, Jun 1976, pp. 68-8O Thornson, Brandson R., "Apparatus For Developing A Propulsive Force," U.S. Patent # 4,631,971 David Jonsson Voice&Fax +46-18-24 51 52 P.O Box 353 Postal giro 499 40 54-7 S-751 06 UPPSALA Internet E-mail t89djo@tdb.uu.se SWEDEN ++++++Cold EMISSION before the end of the century++++++ ___________________________________________________________________________ AUTHOR: Terletskii, IAkov Petrovich, 1912- Paradoksy teorii otnositelnosti. Russian/English TITLE: Paradoxes in the theory of relativity, by Yakov P. Terletskii. With a foreword by Banesh Hoffmann. PUBL.: New York, Plenum Press, 1968 NOTES: Translation of Paradoksy teorii otnositelnosti. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS AND SEMICLASSICAL GRAVITY THEORY PH.D. THESIS Tufts Univ., Medford, MA. KUO, CHUNG-I. 1994, 119 PAGES Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. DA9419336 Semiclassical gravity theory should serve as a working model before the final theory of quantized gravity is known, or as an approximation for manageable calculations even when the final theory is known. We deal with the important issue of the applicability of the semiclassical theory of gravity, specifically considering the effects of quantum fluctuations of the matter fields and the induced metric perturbations. The quantum fields with negative energy densities are proposed to be the cases where the semiclassical theory is no longer valid. We start with a discussion of the basic notions and developments of semiclassical gravity theory, and continue with a discussion of the establishment of a meaningful measurement of the deviation from semiclassical theory. The measure is a normalized dispersion of the energy density. The non-positive-definiteness of the energy density of quantum fields is derived and discussed. Important cases, like squeezed states and the Casimir effect, which exhibit negative energy densities, are discussed and the deviations from semiclassical theory are checked. A test particle method using a generalized Langevin equation is formulated for the physical description of systems for which the semiclassical theory can not be used. Quantum fields around straight infinite cosmic string is another example of where the negative energy densities may arise. We examine the validity of semiclassical theory for this case. The Casimir force due to the zero-point fluctuations of the electromagnetic fields in the presence of a conducting plate is another case where the quantum fluctuations are large and naive classical consideration should be modified. Using the test particle method, we are able to show that it is a relaxation phenomenon and that a notion of effective temperature can be associated with it. CASI Accession Number: N95-29527 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ELECTROMAGNETIC-GRAVITATIONAL CONVERSION CROSS SECTIONS IN EXTERNAL ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste (Italy). LONG, HOANG NGOC SOA, DANG VAN TRAN, TUAN A. SEP. 1994 11 PAGES DE95-613589 IC-94/285 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 (US Sales Only) The classical processes: the conversion of photons into gravitons in the static electromagnetic fields are considered by using Feynman perturbation techniques. The differential cross sections are presented for the conversion in the electric field of the flat condenser and the magnetic field of the solenoid. A numerical evaluation shows that the cross sections may have the observable value in the present technical scenario. CASI Accession Number: N95-30637 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- THE PHYSICS OF TACHYONS. 3: TACHYON ELECTROMAGNETISM DAWE, ROSS L. HINES, KENNETH C. University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia 1994 34 PAGES Australian Journal of Physics (ISSN 0004-9506) vol 47, no 4 1994 p 431-464 Research supported by the ARC and the University of Melbourne HTN-95-01061 A new formulation of the theory of tachyons using the same two postulates as in special relativity is applied to electro-magnetism. Tachyonic transformations of the electromagnetic fields E and B are rigorously derived from Maxwell's equations and are shown to be the same as for bradyonic transformations. Tachyonic tranformations of current density, charge density, scalar and vector potentials are also derived and discussed. Tachyonic optics and the four-potential of a moving tachyonic charge are also discussed, along with generalized four-vector transformations and electromagnetic four-tensors in extended relativity. Use is made of a switching principle to show how tachyons automatically obey the law of conservation of electric charge in any inertial reference frame, even though the observed tachyon electric charge is not an invariant between observers. The electromagnetic field produced by a charged tachyon takes the form of a Mach cone, inside which the electromagnetic field is real and detectable, while outside the cone the field generated by the tachyon is imaginary and undetectable. CASI Accession Number: A95-90247 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Franklin, Allan, 1938- The rise and fall of the "Fifth Force" : discovery, pursuit, and justification in modern physics / Allan Franklin. New York : American Institute of Physics, c1993. 141 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC6 F673 1993 SUBJECTS: Physics--Methodology. Gravitation. Michlo, George, 1942- The push of gravity / George Michlo ; illustrated by Warwick Humphries. 1st ed. New York : Vantage Press, c1993. xv, 101 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC178 .M49 1993 SUBJECTS: Gravitation. ISBN: 0533091330 Doughty, Noel A. (Noel Arthur) Lagrangian interaction : an introduction to relativistic symmetry in electrodynamics and gravitation / Noel A. Doughty. Sydney ; Readwood City, Calif. : Addison-Wesley, c1990. xix, 569 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC631 .D68 1990 SUBJECTS: Electrodynamics. Gravitation. Relativity. Symmetry. ISBN: 0201416255 (U.S.) : $33.95 Alexander, S. Gravity and inertia : the mechanism / by S. Alexander. Santa Barbara, Calif. : G.E.C. Research, c1985. 64 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC178 .A44 1985 SUBJECTS: Gravitation. Inertia (Mechanics) ISBN: 0939525054 Harrigan, Gregory Leo, 1919- The great gravity myth / Gregory Leo Harrigan. 2nd ed., rev. and enl. Minneapolis : Shanty Press, 1991. p. cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC178 .H28 1991 *CIP - NOT YET IN LC* SUBJECTS: Gravitation--Miscellanea. Serendipity in science. ISBN: 0916403033 (lib. bdg.) : $8.95 Soldano, B. A. A new look at Maxwell's equations and the permittivity of free space / by B.A. Soldano. Greenville, S.C., U.S.A. : Grenridge Pub., 1982. 50 p. LC CALL NUMBER: QB341 .S65 1982 SUBJECTS: Gravitation. Maxwell equations. Gallimore, J. G. Transverse paraphysics : the new science of space, time, and gravity control J.G. Gallimore. Millbrae, Calif. : Tesla Book Co., 1982. ix, 359 p. LC CALL NUMBER: QC173.59.S65 G35 1982 SUBJECTS: Space and time. Gravitation. Mancini Ridolfini, Niccolo. Elettricita e magnetismo; rotazione elettro-magnetica gravitazionale. Bologna, L. Cappelli, 1931. vii, 506 p. illus. 25 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC518 .M36 SUBJECTS: Electromagnetic theory. Space and time. Gravitation. King, Moray B. Tapping the zero-point energy / Moray B. King. Provo, UT : Paraclete Pub., c1989. iii, 169 p. : ill. ; 22 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC178 .K5575 1989 SUBJECTS: Antigravity. Radiation. Electromagnetics. Force and energy. ISBN: 0962335606 : $9.95 The Large N expansion in quantum field theory and statistical physics : from spin systems to 2-dimensional gravity / editors, Edouard Brezin, Spenta R. Wadia. Singapore ; River Edge, NJ : World Scientific, c1993. xiv, 1130 p. LC CALL NUMBER: QC174.45 .L37 1993 SUBJECTS: Quantum field theory. String models. Gauge fields (Physics) ISBN: 9810204558 Magnetic susceptibility of superconductors and other spin systems / edited by Robert A. Hein, Thomas L. Francavilla, and Donald H. Liebenberg. New York : Plenum Press, c1991. xx, 606 p. : ill. ; 26 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC611.97.M34 M34 1991 SUBJECTS: Superconductors--Magnetic properties--Magnetic susceptibility United States. Office of Naval Research. Office of Naval Research Workshop on Magnetic Susceptibility of Superconductors and Other Spin Systems (1991 : Coolfont, W. Va.) "Proceedings of the Office of Naval Research Workshop on Magnetic Susceptibility of Superconductors and Other Spin Systems, held May 20-23, 1991, in Coolfont, Berkeley Springs, West Virginia"--T.p. verso. ISBN: 0306441977 Spin waves and magnetic excitations / volume editors, A.S. Borovik-Romanov, S.K. Sinha. Amsterdam ; New York : North-Holland ; New York, N.Y. : Sole distributors for the U.S.A. and Canada, Elsevier Science Pub. Co., 1988. LC CALL NUMBER: QC762 .S66 1988 SUBJECTS: Spin waves. Magnons. Dielectrics--Magnetic properties. Metals--Magnetic properties. Modern problems in condensed matter sciences ; v. 22 ISBN: 0444870687 (v. 1) Aono, Osamu, 1937- Rotation of a magnetic field / Osamu Aono and Ryo Sugihara. Nagoya, Japan : Institute of Plasma Physics, Nagoya University, 1986. 6 p. ; 30 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC717.6 .N35 no. 792 (ALTERNATE CLASS QC754.2.M3) SUBJECTS: Magnetic fields. Electrodynamics. Research report (Nagoya Daigaku. Purazumu Kenkyujo) ; IPPJ-792. Handbook of electron spin resonance : data sources, computer technology, relaxation, and ENDOR / edited by Charles P. Poole, Jr. and Horacio A. Farach. New York : American Institute of Physics, c1994. x, 660 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC762 .H32 1994 SUBJECTS: Electron paramagnetic resonance. Electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy. Relaxation phenomena. ISBN: 1563960443 (acid-free) Mims, W. B. The linear electric field effect in paramagnetic resonance / W. B. Mims. Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1976. 339 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC762 .M55 SUBJECTS: Electron paramagnetic resonance. Electric fields. ISBN: 0198519443 : L9.75 Morrison, Clyde A. (Clyde Arthur), 1926- Angular momentum theory applied to interactions in solids / C.A. Morrison. Berlin ; New York : Springer-Verlag, c1988. 159 p. ; 25 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QD475 .M68 1988 SUBJECTS: Crystal field theory. Angular momentum. ISBN: 0387189904 (U.S. : pbk.) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mirman, R. Massless representations of the Poincare Group : electromagnetism, gravitation, quantum mechanics, geometry / R. Mirman. Commack, N.Y. : Nova Science Publishers, 1995. p. cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC20.7.G76 M57 1995 *CIP - NOT YET IN LC* SUBJECTS: Representations of groups. Poincare series. Electromagnetism. Gravitation. Quantum theory. Geometry. Mathematical physics. ISBN: 1560722592 Antunez de Mayolo, Santiago, 1887-1967. The neutral element base of matter and probable cause of gravitation / Santiago Antunez de Mayolo. Lima, Peru : Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 1948. 36 p. : ill. ; 22 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: MLCS 94/12050 (Q) SUBJECTS: Nuclear physics. Matter--Constitution. Translation of "Work presented in Spanish to the IV. South American Chemistry Congress, Santiago, Chile, March 1948." Ciufolini, Ignazio, 1951- Gravitation and inertia / Ignazio Ciufolini and John Archibald Wheeler. Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, c1995. xi, 498 p. LC CALL NUMBER: QC173.59.G44 C58 1995 SUBJECTS: Geometrodynamics. General relativity. Gravitation. Inertia. ISBN: 0691033234 (acid-free paper) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ TITLE: Excalibur Briefing AUTHOR: Thomas E. Bearden COPYRIGHT DATE: 1980, 1988 PUBLISHER: Strawberry Hill Press/A Walnut Hill Book ISBN# 0-89407-060-6 PURCHASED FROM: Tesla Book Co. or Fry's INC. INQ. COMMENTS .... According to the front and rear covers this book explains paranormal phenomena and the interaction of mind and matter. There are 4 chapters plus a glossary and bibliography. 332 pages, 42 photographs, and 40 illustrations. Chapter one is called... A Sampling of Specific Paranormal Phenomena. Some of the subjects in this chapter are...Remote Viewing The Moray Radiant Energy Device, Thought Photography, Pavlita's Psychotronic Generators, UFO's, Kirlian Photograpy, Psychic Surgery Chapter Two is called...A Theoretical Background for Understanding PT, UFO's and PSI Phenomena...Some of the subjects are.... Unexplained Mysteries of Physics, Two Slit Experiment, Radionics, Biofields and Maverick Worlds Chapter Three is called...New Military Applications of PSI Research Some of the subjects covered are...Background to Psychotronic Research in the U.S and the U.S.S.R., Radiation of the U.S. Embassy, Hyperspace Howitzer operation, Virtual States and Hyperspaces, Feynman diagrams The Neurophone, Soviet Woodpecker signals The last chapter covers Soviet Phase Conjugate Directed Energy Weapons (Weapons that use time reversed Electromagnetic Waves) The Glossary is about 30 pages long and is very useful. Bearden, T. E. (Thomas E.), 1930- Excalibur briefing / Thomas E. Bearden ; foreword by John White ; special drawings by Hal Crawford. San Francisco : Strawberry Hill Press, c1980. LC CALL NUMBER: BF1999 .B387 1980 SUBJECTS: Occultism. Unidentified flying objects. ISBN: 0894070150 (pbk.) : $8.95 -------------------------------------------------------------------- TITLE: Magnetism:An Introductory Survey AUTHOR: E.W. Lee COPYRIGHT DATE: 1963,1970 PUBLISHER: Dover Publications Inc. New York ISBN# 0-486-24689-2 PURCHASED FROM: Lindsay Publications COMMENTS .... Paperback, 280 pages, Some photographs and Illustrations Some of subjects covered are....Atomic Theory of Matter, Earth's Magnetism History of Magnetism, Magnetism in Scientific Research, Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism -------------------------------------------------------------------- TITLE: Tesla: The Lost Inventions AUTHOR: George Trinkhaus COPYRIGHT DATE: 1988 PUBLISHER: High Voltage Press ISBN# N/A PURCHASED FROM: Lindsay Publications COMMENTS .... Paper, 33 Pages, 42 Illustrations. Describes Tesla's lost inventions in plain, easy to understand English. According to the author, patents are hard to understand. In the illustrations he shows the patent number. Some of the inventions include... Disk Turbine Rotary Engine Magnifying Transmitter Transport Free Energy Receiver -------------------------------------------------------------------- TITLE: Tesla: Man out of Time AUTHOR: Margaret Cheney COPYRIGHT DATE: 1981 PUBLISHER: Laurel Book by Dell Publishing Co. ISBN# 0-440-39077-X PURCHASED FROM: Tesla Book Co. or Lindsay Publications COMMENTS .... Paperback 320 Pages, 8 Pages of Rare Photographs Good biography of Tesla. 30 Chapters plus Reference Notes. Chapter 29 deals with Tesla's papers and what may have happened to them after he died. -------------------------------------------------------------------- TITLE: The Cosmic Conspiracy AUTHOR: Stan Deyo COPYRIGHT DATE: 1978 PUBLISHER: West Australian Texas Trading ISBN# 0-908477-00-7 PURCHASED FROM: Tesla Book Co. COMMENTS .... Paperback 200 Pages. The book is divided into 3 sections with each section containing at least 6 chapters. Plus there are 7 Appendices. At the end of each section there is a Suggested reading list for that section. Section One deals with research into Electro- Gravitic Propulsion Tesla, Weather Warfare, Conspiracys. Section Two deals with Mysticism and Numerology, mystery schools, Illuminati Section Three deals with Religious Ideas In the appendices there are articles on Townsend Brown, Einstein's Relativity error, Michelson Morley experiment, Electo-Dynamic Propulsion, Practical Ion Craft. Very fascinating book. -------------------------------------------------------------------- TITLE: The Philadelphia Experiment: Project Invisibilty AUTHOR: William L. Moore, Charles Berlitz COPYRIGHT DATE: 1979 PUBLISHER: Fawcett Crest New York ISBN# 0-449-24280-3 PURCHASED FROM: Waldenbooks COMMENTS .... Paperback 288 pages. Book on the alleged Navy experiment to make a ship invisible; to radar or optically or both. Supposedly the ship not only became invisible but dematerialized and rematerialized at a distant location, then re-materialized at the original location (Philadelphia Navy Yard). Plus there were severe side effects to the crew members. Some of the crew were said to have disappeared into another dimension. Some never to return. Chapter 9 (The Unexpected Key) is very interesting because it describes an interview with a scientist who was involved with the Philadelphia experiment when it was being planned. _______________________________________________________________________ The best introduction to dyads and dyadic analysis in electromagnetism in my opinion is the following book: Hollis C Chen, Theory of Electromagnetic Waves: A Coordinate-Free Approach (1983, McGraw-Hill; 1992, TechBooks). _______________________________________________________________________ It's already a proven fact that angular momentum will generate an opposing force to gravity in the way you describe. This is a purely General Relativistic effect. There's an article in the 1988 Foundations of Physics "An Exact Solution to Einstein's Field Equations: Gravitational Force Can Also Be Repulsive!" It requires an immensely huge angular momentum to get any decent repulsion, such that you're not going to get it by any mechanical means ____________________________________________________________________ For those of you who are not familiar with the obscure aspects of General Relativity, hopefully this will steer you in the right direction for further research and knowledge. Non-Newtonian gravitational fields, which may be either attractive or repulsive, can be generated from three effects. These are that of rotating masses, moving masses, or fluctuating masses relative to a stationary, non-rotating body. These effects are similar to centrifugal, Coriolis, and other inertial forces and were first described by W. de Sitter in 1916 and Hans Thirring in 1918. Dr. Robert L. Forward published his Guidelines to Antigravity in March 1963 in the American Journal of Physics. Dr. Forward is an expert in General Relativity and Gravity Research and studied under Weber at the University of Maryland. In his guidelines article, he discusses the dipole effect of gravity as predicted by General Relativity. Unfortunately, the forces generated are extremely weak without very dense mass or extremely high angular velocities. I suggest that everyone with an interest in such aspects obtain a copy of this article and read it through before passing any judgements as to these forces existing or being generated! -- Phillip Carpenter ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Might a mass (gravitational charge) in motion also produce another type of field much like a magnetic one? Something like this is "gravitomagnetic effect" is theoretically predicted. If you were in such a field, it would simply give the impression that you were in a locally rotating frame of reference, so moving objects would experience coriolis forces, even when you were not rotating relative to distant reference points. As the effect is of the order of v1 v2/c^2 where v1 is the speed of the gravitational source and v2 is the speed of the test object, it is extremely small and has not yet been measured. Note also that a rotating massive object is expected to give rise to a similar field in the same way as a current loop gives rise to a magnetic field. This is known as the Lense-Thirring effect. A first-order Special Relativity approximation (which only applies for a locally inertial frame of reference where space isn't significantly curved) is simply that the rotation field is (v1 x g)/c^2 where g is the Newtonian acceleration vector v1 is the velocity of the source object. The acceleration that field generates for a body moving with velocity v2 is v2 x (v1 x g)/c^2. Note for comparison that the magnetic field is B = (v1 x E)/c^2 so the magnetic force is q v2 x (v1 x E)/c^2. The gravitational rotation field calculated in this way is equal to 2w where w is the apparent angular velocity of rotation. It is hoped that "conscience-guided" satellite experiments may confirm this effect within a few years, but at present there are too many other disturbances which make it too difficult to measure such a small effect. The rotation field, whether caused by a linearly moving mass or a rotating object, only affects moving masses. However, there is of course a much stronger associated acceleration field which affects all masses. From the subjective point of view, the acceleration field may appear to be partly linear acceleration and partly "centrifugal" force associated with rotary motion, but this is a higher-order effect. -- Jonathan Scott ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Some scientists in Boulder, CO (USA) have suceeded in cooling down matter into the elusive Bose-Einstein condensate. The kinetic energy of the atoms in this state have been removed. If you could maintain this state in stable form and spin it, the angular momentum would repel the earth and lift many times its own mass. Outside of the atmosphere, this could produce the desired gravitational dipole effect. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bonaldi, M., et al., "Inertial and Gravitational Experiments With Superfluids: A Progress Report," Proceedings of the Fourth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, Elsevler Science Publishers B.V., 1985, pp. 1309-1317. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Title: ANGULAR MOMENTUM PARADOXES WITH SOLENOIDS AND MONOPOLES In: Phys.Lett.118B:385,1982 Date/Source: August 1982 Fermilab Library: FERMILAB-PUB-82/53-THY -- Preprint -- Available Title: Long range effects in asymptotic fields and angular momentum of classical field electrodynamics Date/Source: February 1995 Fermilab Library: CALL NUMBER DESY-95-035 -- Preprint -- Available Title: Angular Momentum Authors: Brink, D. M. (David Maurice), and G.R. Satchler Date/Source: Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1993. Fermilab Library: CALL NUMBER QC793.3.A5 B75 1993 -- Book -- Available -------------------------------------------------------------------------- AUTHOR(s): Hayasaka, Hideo Takeuchi, Sakae TITLE: Gravitation and Astrophysics. Summary: Anomalous weight reduction on a gyroscope's right rotations around the vertical axis on the Earth. In: Physical review letters. DEC 18 1989 v 63 n 25 Page 2701 AUTHOR(s): Starzhinskii, V.M. TITLE: An exceptional case of motion of the Kovalevskaia gyroscope. In: PMM, Journal of applied mathematics and mechanic 1983 v 47 n 1 Page 134 ------------------------------------------------------------------- From: sphinx@world.std.com (John Sangster, SPHINX Technologies) Subject: Weight Reduction in Spinning Masses Date: Fri, 3 Nov 1995 06:04:35 GMT Recently Hideo Hayasaka and Sakae Takeuchi of the Engineering Faculty at Tohoku University in Japan have published an experimental result of this sort. They found that gyroscopes spinning clockwise as seen from above, at their location, exhibited a decrease in relative mass of 5.07 x 10^-5 and 4.22 x 10^-5 respectively for the two gyroscope configurations studied. (Weight was multiplied by 1-e where e is the relative factors given above, if I haven't botched up in my arithmetic.) The effect as plotted in the paper I saw appears to be perfectly linear to within reasonable experimental error, thus giving a rotational velocity at which the weight would go to zero which I made out to be 3.27 MHz (million rotations per second) in the first case and 3.95 MHz in the second. That was with CLOCKWISE rotation as seen from above. With COUNTERclockwise rotation, the same experimental setup showed ZERO EFFECT. Zip. Nada. Nichts. Nyechevo. You get the idea. For one thing, this result makes it almost certain that they are NOT dealing with bad lab technique. Not to mention the fact that they spent nearly a year and a half going over and over their setup and trying to answer all objections by the reviewers of their Physical Review Letters paper (it eventually appeared in PRL (63 2701)). As far as I know, nobody has published a theoretical model that accounts for these observations. The idea of a physical phenomenon that appears only in one direction of rotation is rather unprecedented. I know of only one other mathematical/physical phenomenon that does this, and I'm trying to understand how the two might be related, but without success as yet. -- John Sangster ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Physicist Alex Harvey wrote an article about the Hayakawa-Taguechi experiment. The article was published in: Nature, Aug 23 1990, Vol 346 Page 705 You'll also find other references there. Harvey shows mathematically that an angular momentum vector aligned antiparallel to the local gravitational field violates the equivalence principle. He also shows that the path of a spinning body under gravity need not be geodesic. Here are two "holes" in GR that seem to account for the behavior of H & T's gyros. New experiments should be designed to force the asymmetry to appear, as predicted by theory, rather than passively leave the results to chance. There is a dimensional error of Hayasaka and Takeuchi which CAN be corrected by supplying a quantity that restores proper dimensionality. In simplest terms, H and T's result looks like: { deltaN = - (proportionality constant) m w r } where deltaN is the weight change in Newtons, m is the mass of the rotor in kg, w is the rotation frequency in angular units and r is the radius of the rotor in meters. The units of the missing quantity are radians per second. The rotation, w, has already been counted. The missing quantity is the precession, Wp. With clockwise rotation, the vector J points down the spin axis, while the precession vector, Wp, points up the spin axis. Physicist Alex Harvey, writing about H and T's results, confirmed that there is no (symmetrical) weight gain, no effect at all, with counter-clockwise rotation, J (up). In this case, says Harvey, "[J] is parallel to the gravitational field." -- laradex3@sj.znet.com AUTHOR(s): Harvey, Alex TITLE(s): Complex Transformation of the Kasner Metric. In: General relativity and gravitation. OCT 01 1989 v 21 n 10 Page 1021 AUTHOR(s): Harvey, Alex TITLE(s): Cosmological models. In: American journal of physics. OCT 01 1993 v 61 n 10 Page 901 AUTHOR(s): Harvey, Alex TITLE(s): Identities of the scalars of the four-dimensional Riemannian manifold. In: Journal of mathematical physics. JAN 01 1995 v 36 n 1 Page 356 AUTHOR(s): Harvey, Alex TITLE(s): Will the Real Kasner Metric Please Stand Up. In: General relativity and gravitation. DEC 01 1990 v 22 n 12 Page 1433 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- > Maybe I've missed it, but I've looked seriously, and there seems > to be no information in undergraduate or graduate level physics > reference books which mentions the relationship between > macroscopic and microscopic angular momentum -- much less > provides any analysis or explanation linking quantum angular > momentum to macroscopic angular momentum. You're catching on. The subject of compound angular momentum, or internal and external angular momentum, or intrinsic and extrinsic angular momentum has been a repressed subject for about 2 and half decades. Add to that list, spherical pendulums, Coriolis effect, except as applied to balistics and meteorology as used by the US military, and Shafer's pendulum, that neat little device used as the artifical horizon of aircraft. > How does quantum angular momentum become organized from a > microscopic to a macroscopic level? Has anyone ever published > any work about this? I can't find any. There isn't any that I know of, though back in the late fifties, there was a fellow named Edward Condon at the University of Colorado who was fairly proficient on the subject. So much so that he wrote the rotational dynamics section, called noninertial dynamics at the time, of the reference "The Handbook of Physics" which he also co-edited (Chapter 5). I don't recall offhand who the publisher was (Harcourt/Brace?), though it was endorsed by the American Institute of Physics. Later, when Mr Condon was the head of the USAF project 'Blue Book', he labored to supress his own work when the directive was handed down from the Navy's Turtle Island project. -- James Youlton ------------------------------------------------------------------------ In the Barnett effect a long iron cylinder, when rotated at high speed about its longitudinal axis, is found to develop a measurable component of magnetization, the value of which is proportional to the angular speed. The effect is attributed to the influence of the impressed rotation upon the revolving electronics systems due to the mass property of the unpaired electrons within the atoms. -- Henry Wallace ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Barnett, S.J., "Magnetization By Rotation," The American Physical Society, Second Series, vol. VI, No. 2, Jun., 1915, pp. 171-172. Barnett, S.J., "Magnetization By Rotation," The Physical Review, Second Series, vol. VI., No. 4, Oct., 1915, pp. 239-270. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The Barnett Effect is known to me as the effect of a change in volume of a magnetic material in response to a change in it's magnetization strength. If a ferrite material is exposed to a higher magnetization field (more current through the coil) the ferritd will change in volume. I was not aware that this has anything to do with alignment to a spinning axis. For further information about this aspect of the Barnett effect, see: Ref. Handbook of Magnetic Phenomena, by Harry S Burk, Van Nostrand Reinhold 1986 Page 262. -- William Clymer ------------------------------------------------------------------- Magnetic systems with competing interactions : frustrated spin systems / edited by H.T. Diep. Singapore ; River Edge, N.J. : World Scientific, c1994. xiv, 335 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC754.2.S75 M34 1994 SUBJECTS: Magnetization. Rotational motion. Spin waves. Ferromagnetism. CONTENTS: Nonlinear phenomena and chaos in magnetic materials / P.E. Wigen -- Some nonlinear effects in magnetically ordered materials / H. Suhl -- Spin-wave instability processes in ferrites / M. Chen & C.E. Patton -- Spin-wave dynamics in a ferrimagnetic sphere: experiments and models / P.H. Bryant, D.C. Jeffries, & K. Nakamura -- Spin-wave auto-oscillations in YIG spheres driven by parallel pumping and subsidiary resonance / S.M. Rezende & A. Azevedo -- Strong chaos in magnetic resonance / M. Warden -- Magnetostatic modes in thin films / R.D. McMichael & P.E. Wigen -- Fractal properties in magnetic crystal / H. Yamazaki -- Spin-wave envelope solitons in magnetic films / A.N. Slavin, B.A. Kalinikos, & N.G. Korshikov. ISBN: 9810210051 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hence the Wilson-Blackett proportionality between the angular momentum of planets, stars etc and their magnetic moment. For more information see Science News Aug 6 '94 p82. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- AUTHOR(s): Bloxham, Jeremy Gubbins, David TITLE(s): The Evolution of the Earth's Magnetic Field. Summary: The origin of the field has fascinated more than a dozen generations of physicists. Molten iron in the outer core, driven by convection and influenced by the earth's rotation, acts as a dynamo that generates the field. Now historical records of magnetic-field changes yield new insights into the process and into how the field may behave in the future. In: Scientific American. DEC 01 1989 v 261 n 6 Page 68 AUTHOR(s): Malov, I.F. TITLE(s): Angle between the magnetic field and the rotation axis in pulsars. In: Soviet astronomy. MAR 01 1990 v 34 n 2 Page 189 AUTHOR(s): Marsheva, N. M. TITLE(s): Permanent rotation of a heavy rigid body in a magnetic field. In: Moscow university mechanics bulletin. 1989 v 44 n 1 AUTHOR(s): Vitale, S. Bonaldi, M. Falferi, P. TITLE: Magnetization by rotation and gyromagnetic gyroscopes. Summary: We discuss how the general phenomenon of magnetization by rotation may be used probe the angular velocity of the laboratory with respect to a local frame of inertia. We show that gyroscope with no moving parts based on this pheno- In: Physical review B: Condensed matter. JUN 01 1989 v 39 n 16 p B Page 11993 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONDENSED MATTER THEORY, ABSTRACT COND-MAT/9509141 From: Erwin Frey Date: Fri, 22 Sep 1995 09:43:52 +0200 Critical Dynamics of Magnets Authors: Erwin Frey , Franz Schwabl (TU Muenchen) Comments: Review article (154 pages, figures included) We review our current understanding of the critical dynamics of magnets above and below the transition temperature with focus on the effects due to the dipole--dipole interaction present in all real magnets. Significant progress in our understanding of real ferromagnets in the vicinity of the critical point has been made in the last decade through improved experimental techniques and theoretical advances in taking into account realistic spin-spin interactions. We start our review with a discussion of the theoretical results for the critical dynamics based on recent renormalization group, mode coupling and spin wave theories. A detailed comparison is made of the theory with experimental results obtained by different measuring techniques, such as neutron scattering, hyperfine interaction, muon--spin--resonance, electron--spin--resonance, and magnetic relaxation, in various materials. Furthermore we discuss the effects of dipolar interaction on the critical dynamics of three--dimensional isotropic antiferromagnets and uniaxial ferromagnets. Special attention is also paid to a discussion of the consequences of dipolar anisotropies on the existence of magnetic order and the spin--wave spectrum in two--dimensional ferromagnets and antiferromagnets. We close our review with a formulation of critical dynamics in terms of nonlinear Langevin equations. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Paper: cond-mat/9501029 From: Kazuhiro Kuboki Date: Mon, 09 Jan 1995 10:40:11 EST Title: Proximity-induced time-reversal symmetry breaking at Josephson junctions between unconventional superconductors Author: Kazuhiro Kuboki and Manfred Sigrist We argue that a locally time-reversal symmetry breaking state can occur at Josephson junctions between unconventional superconductors. Order parameters induced by the proximity effect can combine with the bulk order parameter to form such a state. This property is specifically due to the intrinsic phase structure of the pairing wave function in unconventional superconductors. Experimental consequences of this effect in high-temperature superconductors are examined. Paper: cond-mat/9501088 From: David Benedict Bailey Date: Thu, 19 Jan 1995 11:34:10 -0800 (PST) Title: Gapless Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking Superconductivity Authors: A. M. Tikofsky and D. B. Bailey We consider a layered superconductor with a complex order parameter whose phase switches sign from one layer to the next. This system is shown to exhibit gapless superconductivity for sufficiently large interlayer pairing or interlayer hopping. In addition, this description is consistent with experiments finding signals of time-reversal symmetry breaking in high-temperature superconductors only at the surface and not in the sample bulk. Paper: cond-mat/9501133 From: ioffe@physics.rutgers.edu (Lev Ioffe) Date: Mon, 30 Jan 95 08:59:22 EST Title: On the spin density wave transition in a two dimensional spin liquid. Authors: B. L. Altshuler, L. B. Ioffe, A. I. Larkin, A. J. Millis. Strongly correlated two dimensional electrons are believed to form a spin liquid in some regimes of density and temperature. As the density is varied, one expects a transition from this spin liquid state to a spin density wave antiferromagnetic state. In this paper we show that it is self-consistent to assume that this transition is second order and, on this assumption, determine the critical behavior of the 2p_F susceptibility, the NMR rates T1 and T2 and the uniform susceptibility. We compare our results to data on high Tc materials. Paper: gr-qc/9502041 From: Barry Haddow Date: Fri, 24 Feb 1995 18:59:15 (GMT) Title: Purely Magnetic Spacetimes Author: Barry Haddow (Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland) Purely magnetic spacetimes, in which the Riemann tensor satisfies R_{abcd}u^bu^d=0 for some unit timelike vector u^a, are studied. The algebraic consequences for the Weyl and Ricci tensors are examined in detail and consideration given to the uniqueness of u^a. Some remarks concerning the nature of the congruence associated with u^a are made. Paper: cond-mat/9502103 From: deb@rri.ernet.in (Debnarayan Jana) Date: Fri, 24 Feb 95 11:23:21+050 Title: Universal Diamagnetism of Charged Scalar Fields Authors: Debnarayan Jana We show that charged scalar fields are always diamagnetic, even in the presence of interactions and at finite temperatures. This generalises earlier work on the diamagnetism of charged spinless bosons to the case of infinite degrees of freedom. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ "CP Violation and Antigravity Revisited", G. Chardin, Nuclear Physics, Jun 7 1993, Vol 558 "Equivalence Principal Violation, Antigravity and Anyons Induced by Gravitational Chern-Simons Couplings", S. Deser, Classical and Quantum Gravity, 1992, Vol 9 Supp "The Arguments Against Antigravity and the Gravitational Acceleration of Anti-Matter", Michael Martin, Physics Reports, Jul 1 1991, Vol 205 "Empirical Limits to Antigravity", Ericson & Richter, Europhysics Letters, Feb 15 1990, Vol 11 no 4 "Chern-Simons Quantizations of (2+1) Anti-de Sitter Gravity on a Torus", K. Ezawa, Classical and Quantum Gravity, Feb 1 1995 Vol 12 No 2 "Green's Function for Anti-de Sitter Space Gravity", Gary Kleppe, Physical Review d: Particles, Fields, Gravity; Dec 15 1994 Vol 50 No 12 "Lowest Eigenvalues of the Energy Operator for Totally Anti Symmetric Massless Fields of the N-Dimensional Anti-de Sitter Group", R.R. Metsaev, Classical and Quantum Gravity, Nov 1 1994, Vol 11 No 11 "The Positivity of Energy for Asymptotically Anti-de Sitter Spacetimes", E. Woolgar, Classical and Quantum Gravity, Jul 1 1994, Vol 11 No 7 "Vacuum Polarization Near Asymptotically Anti-de Sitter Black Holes in Odd Dimensions", Shiraishi & Maki, Classical and Quantum Gravity, Jul 1 1994, Vol 11 No 7 "Strong Anti Gravity: Life in the Shock Wave", Fabbrichesi & Roland, Nuclear Physics B, Dec 21 1992, Vol 388 No 2 "Global Solutions of Yang-Mills Equations on Anti-de Sitter Spacetime", Choquet-Bruhat, Classical and Quantum Gravity, Dec 1 1989, Vol 6 No 12 "The Scalar Wave Equation on Static de Sitter and Anti-de Sitter Spacetimes", D. Polarski, Classical and Quantum Gravity, Jun 1 1989 "Lehman Representation of the Spinor Two-Point Function in Anti-de Sitter Space", E. Gath, Classical and Quantum Gravity, May 1 1989, Vol 6 no 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dr. Bernhard Haisch has modeled inertial mass as deriving from an accelerated body's interaction with the zero point field (ZPF), consonant with a large body of refereed physics literature. Haisch in Feb 1994 Phys. Rev. A Science vol 263 p 612 Scientific American vol 270, p 30 New Scientist 25 Feb 1995 p 30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Gravity as a Zero-Point-Fluctuation Force," H.E. Puthoff, Physical Review A: General Physics. Mar 1 1989, Vol39 No 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- The 4 February 1994 issue of Science magazine has an article about a new theory of inertia. A recent paper by Bernhard Haisch, Alfonso Rueda and Hal Puthoff in the 1 Feb 1994 issue of Physical Review A, based on earlier work by Andrei Sakharov, derives inertia from quantum electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations. The idea is that if inertia is due to some strange quantum EM effects, it might be understood and controlled, and even neutralized. Haisch is at the Lockheed Palo Alto laboratories, Rueda, at Cal. State. Long Beach, and Puthoff at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Austin Texas. Needless to say, this new theory is serious, but very controversial physics. A test is planned later this year at the SLAC linear accelerator by exposing a high energy electron beam to terawatt laser. Keep tuned! -- John H. Chalmers Jr -------------------------------------------------------------------------- A recent controversial theory of Austin Institute for Advanced Study physicist Hal Puthoff and his collaborators Haisch and Rueda appears to explain gravity as not an intrinsic property of matter but as an indirect consequence of Maxwellian electromagnetic radiation, namely that (as earlier suggested by the late Russian dissenter Sakharov) gravity is a "shadow effect" similar to the Casimir Effect of quantum electrodynamics. Bass points out that if the Haisch-Puthoff-Rueda theory is correct then Hodowanec's idea of tapping the earth's gravity field in some electromagnetic way not hitherto suggested is conceivable. - Joel McClain ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Puthoff and his collaborators have gone so far as to use SED (Stochastic Electro-Dynamics) to _explain_ both gravitational & inertial mass and to show their equivalence, and to derive Newton's F = Ma, and to derive Mach's principle (without which Einstein admitted that no theory of gravity could claim to be complete), and to derive Dirac's "cosmological numerical coincidences" as inevitabilities, and to derive Newtonian gravity, and to derive the Newton-Cavendish parameter G!!! -- Robert Bass ------------------------------------------------------------------------- It is an amazing coincidence that the total Newtonian gravitational potential energy of any object due to all masses in the universe is equal in magnitude to its total energy, at least to within a small factor, considering that this involves an expression involving multiple factors of the order of 10 to the 40th power. This was pointed out by Dirac in his Large Numbers Hypothesis, and used as part of a beautiful illustrative theory by Dennis Sciama [1], in which he constructs a theory of gravity closely analogous to the classical theory of electromagnetism, and shows that inertia can be directly attributed to the gravitational effect of accelerating relative to the gravitational potential sources of the whole universe (or indeed of accelerating the whole universe relative to the object, because in Sciama's theory, the two points of view are equivalent). This theory is obviously consistent with Mach's Principle (which is effectively that inertial motion is in some sense relative to the rest of universe). Sciama's theory is only a simplified approximation, but it is so neat that it seems likely that some similar principle must apply also within General Relativity. However, one of its most basic implications is that the gravitational "constant" G would depend on the distribution of matter in the universe, which seems to be in direct conflict with GR. I personally think GR is probably not quite right. -- Jonathan Scott [1] D.W.Sciama, "On the Origin of Inertia", M.N.R.A.S. Vol. 113, p34, 1953. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9412012 From: "Haret Rosu" Date: 3 Dec 94 19:36:00 CST Classical and quantum inertia: a heuristic introduction, Author(s): Haret C. Rosu Report: IFUG-27/94, Comments: 20 pages, LaTex 11pt, no figures. A non-technical discussion of the problem of inertia is provided both in classical physics and in the quantum world. After briefly reviewing the classical formulations (WEP, EEP, and SEP), I pass to a presentation of the equivalence statements for quantum vacuum states. One can also find a number of related comments and suggestions. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Krech, Michael. The Casimir effect in critical systems / Michael Krech. Singapore ; River Edge, NJ : World Scientific, c1994. x, 253 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC173.4.C74 K74 1994 SUBJECTS: Critical phenomena. Casimir effect. ISBN: 9810218451 Cavity quantum electrodynamics/edited by Paul R. Berman. Boston : Academic Press, c1994. xvi, 464 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC446.2 .C38 1994 SUBJECTS: Quantum optics. Quantum electrodynamics. Casimir effect. ISBN: 0120922452 (alk. paper) Long-range Casimir forces : theory and recent experiments on atomic systems Edited by Frank S. Levin and David A. Micha. New York : Plenum Press, c1993. LC CALL NUMBER: QC680 .L63 1993 SUBJECTS: Casimir effect. ISBN: 0306443856 Physics in the making : essays on developments in 20th century physics: in honour of H.B.G. Casimir on the occasion of his 80th birthday/ edited by A. Sarlemijn and M.J. Sparnaay. Amsterdam : North-Holland; New York, N.Y., U.S.A. : Sole distributors for the U.S.A. and Canada, Elsevier Science Pub. Co., 1989. xiv, 361 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC7 .P48 1989 SUBJECTS: Casimir, H. B. G. (Hendrik Brugt Gerhard), 1909- Casimir, H. B. G. (Hendrik Brugt Gerhard), 1909- Sarlemijn, Andries, 1936- Sparnaay, M. J. (Marcus Johannes) ISBN: 0444881212 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Edwards-Casimir Quantum Vacuum Drive -- A hypothetical drive exploiting the peculiarities of quantum mechanics by restricting allowed wavelengths of virtual photons on one side of the drive (the bow of the ship); the pressure generated from the unrestricted virtual photons toward the aft generates a net force and propels the drive. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- CONDENSED MATTER, ABSTRACT COND-MAT/9505108 From: moraes@guinness.ias.edu (Fernando Moraes) Date: Tue, 23 May 95 17:12:35 EDT Enhancement of the magnetic moment of the electron due to a topological defect Author(s): Fernando Moraes (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton) In the framework of the theory of defects/three-dimensional gravitation, it is obtained a positive correction to the magnetic moment of the electron bound to a disclination in a dielectric solid. With the disclination modelled as a parallel plate casimir effect. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - THEORY, ABSTRACT HEP-TH/9212077 From: milton@phyast.nhn.uoknor.edu (Kim Milton) Date: Fri, 11 Dec 92 16:13:13 CST MAXWELL-CHERN-SIMONS CASIMIR EFFECT, KIMBALL A. MILTON, DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY, UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA In odd-dimensional spaces, gauge invariance permits a Chern-Simons mass term for the gauge fields in addition to the usual Maxwell-Yang-Mills kinetic energy term. We study the Casimir effect in such a (2+1)-dimensional Abelian theory. For the case of parallel conducting lines the result is the same as for a scalar field. For the case of circular boundary conditions the results are completely different, with even the sign of the effect being opposite for Maxwell-Chern-Simons fields and scalar fields. We further examine the effect of finite temperature. The Casimir stress is found to be attractive at both low and high temperature. Possibilities of observing this effect in the laboratory are discussed. GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9303038 PHYS. REV. D 48, 776 (1993) FROM: LFORD@PEARL.TUFTS.EDU Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1993 17:47 EDT MOTION OF INERTIAL OBSERVERS THROUGH NEGATIVE ENERGY, BY L.H. FORD AND THOMAS A. ROMAN, Recent research has indicated that negative energy fluxes due to quantum coherence effects obey uncertainty principle-type inequalities of the form $|\Delta E|\,{\Delta \tau} \lprox 1\,$. Here $|\Delta E|$ is the magnitude of the negative energy which is transmitted on a timescale $\Delta \tau$. Our main focus in this paper is on negative energy fluxes which are produced by the motion of observers through static negative energy regions. We find that although a quantum inequality appears to be satisfied for radially moving geodesic observers in two and four-dimensional black hole spacetimes, an observer orbiting close to a black hole will see a constant negative energy flux. In addition, we show that inertial observers moving slowly through the Casimir vacuum can achieve arbitrarily large violations of the inequality. It seems likely that, in general, these types of negative energy fluxes are not constrained by inequalities on the magnitude and duration of the flux. We construct a model of a non-gravitational stress-energy detector, which is rapidly switched on and off, and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of such a detector. GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9304008 PHYS. REV. D 47, 4510 (1993). FROM: LFORD@PEARL.TUFTS.EDU Date: Tue, 6 Apr 1993 12:56 EDT SEMICLASSICAL GRAVITY THEORY AND QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS, BY CHUNG-I KUO AND L. H. FORD. We discuss the limits of validity of the semiclassical theory of gravity in which a classical metric is coupled to the expectation value of the stress tensor. It is argued that this theory is a good approximation only when the fluctuations in the stress tensor are small. We calculate a dimensionless measure of these fluctuations for a scalar field on a flat background in particular cases, including squeezed states and the Casimir vacuum state. It is found that the fluctuations are small for states which are close to a coherent state, which describes classical behavior, but tend to be large otherwise. We find in all cases studied that the energy density fluctuations are large whenever the local energy density is negative. This is taken to mean that the gravitational field of a system with negative energy density, such as the Casimir vacuum, is not described by a fixed classical metric but is undergoing large metric fluctuations. We propose an operational scheme by which one can describe a fluctuating gravitational field in terms of the statistical behavior of test particles. For this purpose we obtain an equation of the form of the Langevin equation used to describe Brownian motion. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - PHENOMENOLOGY, ABSTRACT HEP-PH/9307258 From: langfeld@ptsun1.tphys.physik.uni-tuebingen.de (Kurt Langfeld) Date: Tue, 13 Jul 93 08:04:30 +0200 CASIMIR EFFECT OF STRONGLY INTERACTING SCALAR FIELDS, BY K. LANGFELD, F. SCHMUSER, AND H. REINHARDT Non-trivial $\phi ^{4}$-theory is studied in a renormalisation group invariant approach inside a box consisting of rectangular plates and where the scalar modes satisfy periodic boundary conditions at the plates. It is found that the Casimir energy exponentially approaches the infinite volume limit, the decay rate given by the scalar condensate. It therefore essentially differs from the power law of a free theory. This might provide experimental access to properties of the non-trivial vacuum. At small interplate distances the system can no longer tolerate a scalar condensate, and a first order phase transition to the perturbative phase occurs. The dependence of the vacuum energy density and the scalar condensate on the box dimensions are presented. GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC 9310007 PHYSICA SCRIPTA 48, 649 (1993) FROM: harald@nordita.dk (Harald H. Soleng) Date: Mon, 4 Oct 93 INVERSE SQUARE LAW OF GRAVITATION IN (2+1)-DIMENSIONAL SPACE-TIME AS A CONSEQUENCE OF CASIMIR ENERGY, H. H. SOLENG, The gravitational effect of vacuum polarization in space exterior to a particle in (2+1)-dimensional Einstein theory is investigated. In the weak field limit this gravitational field corresponds to an inverse square law of gravitational attraction, even though the gravitational mass of the quantum vacuum is negative. The paradox is resolved by considering a particle of finite extension and taking into account the vacuum polarization in its interior. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - THEORY, ABSTRACT HEP-TH/9312069 From: segui@cc.unizar.es Date: Thu, 9 DEC 93 13:50 GMT A MODIFIED SCHWINGER'S FORMULA FOR THE CASIMIR EFFECT, M.V. COUGO-PINTO, C. FARINA AND ANTONIO J. SEGUI-SANTONJA After briefly reviewing how the (proper-time) Schwinger's formula works for computing the Casimir energy in the case of "scalar electrodynamics" where the boundary conditions are dictated by two perfectly conducting parallel plates with separation "a" in the Z-axis, we propose a slightly modification in the previous approach based on an analytical continuation method. As we will see, for the case at hand our formula does not need the use of Poisson summation to get a (renormalized) finite result. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - THEORY, ABSTRACT HEP-TH/9401123 From: segui@cc.unizar.es Date: Tue, 25 JAN 94 21:47 GMT SCHWINGER'S METHOD FOR THE MASSIVE CASIMIR EFFECT, BY M.V. COUGO-PINTO, C. FARINA AND A.J. SEGUI-SANTONJA We apply to the massive scalar field a method recently proposed by Schwinger to calculate the Casimir effect. The method is applied with two different regularization schemes: the Schwinger original one by means of Poisson formula and another one by means of analytical continuation. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - THEORY, ABSTRACT HEP-TH/9405060 From: Shtykov Nikolay Date: Tue, 10 May 94 17:40:50 JST THE FINITE VACUUM ENERGY FOR SPINOR, SCALAR AND VECTOR FIELDS, N.SHTYKOV We compute the one-loop potential (the Casimir energy) for scalar, spinor and vectors fields on the spaces $\,R^{m+1}\, \times\,Y$ with $\,Y=\,S^N\,,CP^2$. As a physical model we consider spinor electrodynamics on four-dimensional product manifolds. We examine the cancelation of a divergent part of the Casimir energy on even-dimensional spaces by means of including the parameter $\,M$ in original action. For some models we compare our results with those found in the literature. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - THEORY, ABSTRACT HEP-TH/9408172 From: LFORD@PEARL.TUFTS.EDU Date: Tue, 30 Aug 1994 16:45:05 -0400 (EDT) DECOHERENCE AND VACUUM FLUCTUATIONS, L.H. FORD, TUFTS UNIVERSITY The interference pattern of coherent electrons is effected by coupling to the quantized electromagnetic field. The amplitudes of the interference maxima are changed by a factor which depends upon a double line integral of the photon two-point function around the closed path of the electrons. The interference pattern is sensitive to shifts in the vacuum fluctuations in regions from which the electrons are excluded. Thus this effect combines aspects of both the Casimir and the Aharonov-Bohm effects. The coupling to the quantized electromagnetic field tends to decrease the amplitude of the interference oscillations, and hence is a form of decoherence. The contributions due to photon emission and to vacuum fluctuations may be separately identified. It is to be expected that photon emission leads to decoherence, as it can reveal which path an electron takes. It is less obvious that vacuum fluctuations also can cause decoherence. What is directly observable is a shift in the fluctuations due, for example, to the presence of a conducting plate. In the case of electrons moving parallel to conducting boundaries, the dominant decohering influence is that of the vacuum fluctuations. The shift in the interference amplitudes can be of the order of a few percent, so experimental verification of this effect may be possible. The possibility of using this effect to probe the interior of matter, e.g., to determine the electrical conductivity of a rod by means of electrons encircling it is discussed. (Presented at the Conference on Fundamental Problems in Quantum Theory, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, June 18-22, 1994.) GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9410043 PHYS. REV. D 51, 4277(1995). FROM: FORD@TUHEP.PHY.TUFTS.EDU Date: Fri, 28 Oct 1994 20:33 EST AVERAGED ENERGY CONDITIONS AND QUANTUM INEQUALITIES, L.H. FORD AND THOMAS A. ROMAN Connections are uncovered between the averaged weak (AWEC) and averaged null (ANEC) energy conditions, and quantum inequality restrictions on negative energy for free massless scalar fields. In a two-dimensional compactified Minkowski universe, we derive a covariant quantum inequality-type bound on the difference of the expectation values of the energy density in an arbitrary quantum state and in the Casimir vacuum state. From this bound, it is shown that the difference of expectation values also obeys AWEC and ANEC-type integral conditions. In contrast, it is well-known that the stress tensor in the Casimir vacuum state alone satisfies neither quantum inequalities nor averaged energy conditions. Such difference inequalities represent limits on the degree of energy condition violation that is allowed over and above any violation due to negative energy densities in a background vacuum state. In our simple two-dimensional model, they provide physically interesting examples of new constraints on negative energy which hold even when the usual AWEC, ANEC, and quantum inequality restrictions fail. In the limit when the size of the space is allowed to go to infinity, we derive quantum inequalities for timelike and null geodesics which, in appropriate limits, reduce to AWEC and ANEC in ordinary two-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. We also derive a quantum inequality bound on the energy density seen by an inertial observer in four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. The bound implies that any inertial observer in flat spacetime cannot see an arbitrarily large negative energy density which lasts for an arbitrarily long period of time. GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9411053 From: "Haret Rosu" Date: 20 Nov 94 21:15:00 CST On the assignment of frequency spectra to quantum vacuum effects, Author: Haret C. Rosu, Report: IFUG-25/94, I discuss in an introductory manner, i.e., in the form of comments on available references, the problem of assigning frequency spectra to such fundamental effects like Casimir, Hawking, Unruh, and squeezing effects. This may help to clarify their differences as well as their similarities. GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9411056 From: ulvi@tapir.Caltech.EDU (Ulvi Yurtsever) Date: Mon, 21 Nov 94 15:56:11 -0800 The averaged null energy condition and difference inequalities in quantum field theory, by: Ulvi Yurtsever Recently, Larry Ford and Tom Roman have discovered that in a flat cylindrical space, although the stress-energy tensor itself fails to satisfy the averaged null energy condition (ANEC) along the (non-achronal) null geodesics, when the ``Casimir-vacuum" contribution is subtracted from the stress-energy the resulting tensor does satisfy the ANEC inequality. Ford and Roman name this class of constraints on the quantum stress-energy tensor ``difference inequalities." Here I give a proof of the difference inequality for a minimally coupled massless scalar field in an arbitrary two-dimensional spacetime, using the same techniques as those we relied on to prove ANEC in an earlier paper with Robert Wald. I begin with an overview of averaged energy conditions in quantum field theory. QUANTUM PHYSICS, ABSTRACT QUANT-PH/9502024 From: MANKO@napoli.infn.it Date: Mon, 27 Feb 1995 16:32:21 +0200 (CET) Deformation of Partical Distribution Functions due to Q-nonlinearity and Nonstationary Casimir Effect, Author: V. I. Man'ko The geometrical phase is shown to be integral of motion. Deformation of particle distribution function corresponding to nonstationary Casimir effect is expressed in terms of multivariable Hermite polynomials. Correction to Planck distribution due to q--nonlinearity is discussed. QUANTUM PHYSICS, ABSTRACT QUANT-PH/9503001 From: onofrio%38619.hepnet@Csa4.LBL.Gov Date: Wed, 1 Mar 95 08:23:43 PST Detecting Casimir Forces through a Tunneling Electromechanical Transducer Authors: Roberto Onofrio , Giovanni Carugno We propose the use of a tunneling electromechanical transducer to dinamically detect Casimir forces between two conducting surfaces. The maximum distance for which Casimir forces should be detectable with our method is around $1 \mu$m, while the lower limit is given by the ability to approach the surfaces. This technique should permit to study gravitational forces on the same range of distances, as well as the vacuum friction provided that very low dissipation mechanical resonators are used. CONDENSED MATTER THEORY, ABSTRACT COND-MAT/9505023 From: moraes@guinness.ias.edu (Fernando Moraes) Date: Fri, 5 May 95 09:35:57 EDT Casimir effect around disclinations Author: Fernando Moraes (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton) This communication concerns the structure of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum in a disclinated insulator. It is shown that a nonzero vacuum energy density appears when the rotational symmetry of a continuous insulating elastic medium is broken by a disclination. An explicit expression is given for this Casimir energy density in terms of the parameter describing the disclination. CONDENSED MATTER THEORY, ABSTRACT COND-MAT/9505108 From: moraes@guinness.ias.edu (Fernando Moraes) Date: Tue, 23 May 95 17:12:35 EDT Enhancement of the magnetic moment of the electron due to a topological defect Author: Fernando Moraes (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton) In the framework of the theory of defects/three-dimensional gravitation, it is obtained a positive correction to the magnetic moment of the electron bound to a disclination in a dielectric solid. QUANTUM PHYSICS, ABSTRACT QUANT-PH/9506005 From: JAEKEL Marc Date: Wed, 7 Jun 1995 16:30:40 +0200 Mechanical Effects of Radiation Pressure Quantum Fluctuations Authors: Marc-Thierry Jaekel (Laboratoire de Physique Th\'eorique de l'Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure) , Serge Reynaud (Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel) As revealed by space-time probing, mechanics and field theory come out as complementary descriptions for motions in space-time. In particular, quantum fields exert a radiation pressure on scatterers which results in mechanical effects that persist in vacuum. They include mean forces due to quantum field fluctuations, like Casimir forces, but also fluctuations of these forces and additional forces linked to motion. As in classical electron theory, a moving scatterer is submitted to a radiation reaction force which modifies its motional response to an applied force. We briefly survey the mechanical effects of quantum field fluctuations and discuss the consequences for stability of motion in vacuum and for position fluctuations. QUANTUM PHYSICS, ABSTRACT QUANT-PH/9506006 From: JAEKEL Marc Date: Wed, 7 Jun 1995 16:58:17 +0200 Quantum Fluctuations and Inertia Authors: Marc-Thierry Jaekel (Laboratoire de Physique Th\'eorique de l'Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure) , Serge Reynaud (Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel) Vacuum field fluctuations exert a radiation pressure which induces mechanical effects on scatterers. The question naturally arises whether the energy of vacuum fluctuations gives rise to inertia and gravitation in agreement with the general principles of mechanics. As a new approach to this question, we discuss the mechanical effects of quantum field fluctuations on two mirrors building a Fabry-Perot cavity. We first put into evidence that the energy related to Casimir forces is an energy stored on field fluctuations as a result of scattering time delays. We then discuss the forces felt by the mirrors when they move within vacuum field fluctuations, and show that energy stored on vacuum fluctuations contributes to inertia in conformity with the law of inertia of energy. As a further consequence, inertial masses exhibit quantum fluctuations with characteristic spectra in vacuum. QUANTUM PHYSICS, ABSTRACT QUANT-PH/9506023 From: claudia@cromwell.physics.uiuc.edu (Claudia C Eberlein) Date: Thu, 15 Jun 95 11:13:57 -0500 Sonoluminescence as quantum vacuum radiation Author: Claudia Eberlein (Dept of Physics, UIUC, Urbana, IL) Sonoluminescence is explained in terms of quantum radiation by moving interfaces between media of different polarizability. It can be considered as a dynamic Casimir effect, in the sense that it is a consequence of the imbalance of the zero-point fluctuations of the electromagnetic field during the non-inertial motion of a boundary. The transition amplitude from the vacuum into a two-photon state is calculated in a Hamiltonian formalism and turns out to be governed by the transition matrix-element of the radiation pressure. Expressions for the spectral density and the total radiated energy are given. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - THEORY, ABSTRACT HEP-TH/9508086 From: eli@ecm.ub.es (Emili Elizalde) Date: Fri, 18 Aug 1995 10:14:50 +0200 A precise definition of the Casimir energy, Authors: K. Kirsten , E. Elizalde The somehow arbitrary definition of the Casimir energy corresponding to a quantum system in a $d$-dimensional ultrastatic spacetime ---profusely used in the last years--- which has been critized sometimes for adopting without a sound argument the minimal subtraction scheme, is shown to be completely equivalent to the definition steming naturally from the concept of functional determinant through the zeta-function prescription. This is done by considering the theory at finite temperature and by defining then the Casimir energy as its energy in the limit $T\to 0$. The ambiguity in the coefficient $C_{d/2}$ is understood to be a result of the necessary renormalization of the free energy of the system. As an example, the Casimir energy corresponding to a general $(1+2)$-dimensional toroidal spacetime with flat spatial geometry, parametrized by the corresponding Teichm\"uller parameters, and its precise dependence on these parameters is obtained under the form of an analytic function. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ernest G. Cullwick. In his book "Electromagnetism and Relativity", published in 1957, was one of the first to provide an analysis of the probable coupling between EM and inertial fields. Cullwick realized that Maxwell's equations and most existing theories of electrodynamics assume that the mass of an electron is zero. At Maxwell's time this was a reasonable assumption. But it is well known today that electrons have mass, and therefore an inertial momemtum is always associated with an electric current. Cullwick suggested in his analysis that coupling terms between EM and inertia may be very small, but would likely appear sometime in the future as we go to higher current densities. And he was one of the first scientists to predict some of the odd effects which can now seen with superconductors. Cullwick was also one of the first to identify and attempt an analysis of the relativistic paradoxes and unusual effects which occur in a rotating EM field. His work still stands today as one of the only existing efforts to consider the problem of a rotating EM field. AUTHOR: Cullwick, E. G. (Ernest Geoffrey), 1903- TITLE: Electromagnetism and relativity : with particular reference to moving media and electromagnetic induction / by E. G. Cullwick. EDITION 2d ed. PUBL.: New York : J. Wiley, DATE: 1959 (2nd Edition) SUBJECT: Electromagnetic theory, Relativity (Physics) AUTHOR: Cullwick, E. G. (Ernest Geoffrey), 1903- TITLE: The fundamentals of electro-magnetism by E.G. Cullwick. EDITION 3rd ed. PUBL.: London, Cambridge U.P., DATE: 1966 (3rd Edition) SUBJECT: Electromagnetism AUTHOR: Cullwick, E. G. (Ernest Geoffrey), 1903- TITLE: The fundamentals of electro-magnetism; a restatement for engineering students and others of physical and theoretical principles in accordance with modern scientific thought, by E. Geoffrey Cullwick ... With an appendix and numerous examples on the recently adopted M.K.S. system of practical units ... PUBL.: New York, The Macmillan company; Cambridge, Eng., The University press, DATE: 1939 SUBJECT: Electromagnetism --------------------------------------------------------------------------- If you work out the metric for EM waves circulating in a cavity you get some strange results. There is a preliminary discussion of this effect in the article by Houshang Ardavan, 'Gravitational Waves from Electromagnetic Waves' in the book "Classical General Relativity," edited by W.B. Bonner, I.N. Islam and M.A.H. MacCollum (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1984). It is something I have seen done. At the point in an annular cavity where the phase velocity goes from less than c to greater than c, a term shows up in the derived metric of the system that looks like a source term. On the other hand you have assumed that the metric is source free in the EM region of the cavity. So you get a solution which contradicts the hypothesis that went into building the solution. You get something which is possibly unphysical. Now Einstein's equation and the associated geometry is pretty tricky and it is easy to get unphysical solutions. The final arbitors of whether a solution is satisfactory or not is physical reasonability and self consistancy (these are almost the same thing). The cavity problem seems very physically reasonable initially, but ends with a self-consistancy problem which appears to be unphysical. Also, Cauchy's theorem does not apply to this case since it becomes a mixed type problem (elliptic and hyperbolic PDEs), so the Hawking singularity theorems don't a priori apply. It is something very interesting, but to publish it with out being scoffed at would take a lot of work and possibly inventing some new math. -- Jim McClune, University of Missouri ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ROTATING FIELDS IN GENERAL RELATIVITY, by Islam, J.N. Begins with a short introduction to the relevant aspects of general relativity. This is followed by a detailed derivation of the Wehl-Lewis-Papapetrou form of the stationary axially symmetric metric. The Kerr and Tomimatsu-Sato forms of the rotating interior and exterior solutions of the Einstein equations are then considered. Subject: physics 1985 6 X 9 122 pp. 4 diagrams Hardback 0-521-26082-5 $47.95 (£7.99) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- >If an EM field is somehow rotated extremely fast, shouldn't all >matter be repelled from its center? -kgo. How fast do you want it rotated? It's fairly simple to construct a system to produce rotating EM waves at whatever rotational velocity you wish by feeding a pair of broadside dipole arrays with quatrature phased waves. It is quite simple to construct a system that would have a rotational velocity of C within the uniform field area. It might also be fairly easy to do this with a Hemholtz coil arangement as well, but the broadside array will be much easier to do at easily engineerable frequencies. Some really interesting paradoxes come about when the rotational frequency is high enough so that the rotational velocity exceeds C within the uniform field area of the arrays or within the hemholtz coils. -- Robert Shannon ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ehrenfest Paradox (Ehrenfest, 1909) -- The special relativistic "paradox" involving a rapidly rotating disc. Since any radial segment of the disc is perpendicular to the direction of motion, there should be no length contraction of the radius; however, since the circumference of the disc is parallel to the direction of motion, it should contract. Question -- by Kung Lo (October 1995): Take a rigid disk of radius R and spin it up to angular velocity . As seen by an observer S that is at rest in the center of the disk, the radius is still R, but the circumference is contracted by the Lorentz effect. How is this possible? More physically, if a fixed ring is just outside the spinning disk and placed with equally spaced markers on the rim of the disk and on the fixed ring, I know by symmetry that, when one marker on the disk is aligned with a marker on the ring, all pairs of markers must be aligned. This contradicts the fact that, for observer S, the distance between successive markers on the disk is reduced by the Lorentz factor. Answer -- provided by David Djajaputra (November 1995): It seems that the rotating disk paradox (it turned out to be Ehrenfest's paradox) has been extensively analyzed by many people (including Einstein himself, who developed general relativity to answer this problem, as one author speculates...). This I found from a nice paper : O. Gron, "Relativistic description of a rotating disk" Am. J. Phys. V43, 869 (1975), and all the references therein. The key sentence in Gron's paper is at the end of Section IV: "By definition a Born rigid motion of a body leaves lenghts unchanged, when measured in the body's proper frame . (...) A Born rigid motion is not a material property of the body, but the result of a specific program of forces designed to set the body in motion without introducing stresses. (...) A transition of the disk from rest to rotational motion, while it satisfies Born's definition of rigidity, is a kinematic impossibility" With this kinematics the radius is R and the circumference is as measured by observer S (lab frame), but an observer riding on the disk will measure a distance R to the center and a distance around the circumference (he can do this measurement by slowly walking around the spinning disk with a meter tape). This is consistent with the usual Lorentz contraction . The point is that this is NOT a Born rigid motion. There is much more in Gron's paper. -- Vittorio Celli ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Several key pharases keep popping up regarding rotating fields, powerful magnetic pulsed fields, and 90 degree cross-field phase shifts. For example, Preston Nicholes describes a device known as a Delta T antenna in the Montauk series of books. The Delta T antenna is described as a pyramidal structure, but lets just take two square loops, placed at 90 degrees to each other, and feed these two loops with an RF signal, also with a 90 degree phase shift, we will produce a rotating magnetic field within the loops (these loops share a common center point, and each loop is in a plane 90 degrees from the other) The speed of rotation of this magnetic field is a direct function of the frequancy of the applied RF signal. At the center of the antenna, the rotational velocity is zero, but as you move out from the center, and rotational velocity increases. At some distance from center would reach the speed of light, dependant of the frequancy used. One could imagine that the rotational velocity of this rotating magnetic field could reach the speed of light within the antenna structure itself if a way could be found to make the antenna much larger than a normaly resonant antenna would be for that same frequancy. At several hundred megahertz, a two meter per side square loop would have a rotational velocity well in excess of the speed of light within the antenna structure itself. What effect would there be at the boundry where the rotational velocity reached, and then exceeded the speed of light. How could the magnetic field even propogate to the center of the antenna structure if it would have to move faster than light to reach that space? If hemholtz coils were used instead of loops, the magnetic field strength would be uniform inside the structure, how could the field strenght be uniform if there is not sufficient time for the field to propogate through the space inside the structure itself? Could such an effect actually generate a wormhole like phenomena, at energy levels far below that of neutron stars and such? As the causal mechanism, the magnetic field, is in roation, would this describe a traversable worm hole as has been postulated in relationship to rotating black holes? -- Robert Shannon -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Aono, Osamu, 1937- Rotation of a magnetic field / Osamu Aono and Ryo Sugihara. Nagoya, Japan : Institute of Plasma Physics, Nagoya University, 1986. 6 p. ; 30 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: QC717.6 .N35 no. 792 (ALTERNATE CLASS QC754.2.M3) SUBJECTS: Magnetic fields. Electrodynamics. Research report (Nagoya Daigaku. Purazumu Kenkyujo) ; IPPJ-792. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Let me clear this up a bit, the two coils are acting as antenne already, producing the rotating field by vector sumnation of the radiated quatrature phased EM waves. The loops would be operating as the driven elements of a cubical antenne, not as coils as such. If you prefer, substitute the two loop antenne with a pair of crossed dipoles at 90 degrees, this will also produce the rotating field, but the center will be occupied by the dipoles rather than be open as with loop antenne of by using sets of broadside arrays. Note that this is not the same as the rotational speed reaching c inside the "uniform field" area, as described earlier. It's simple a tool to understsand the generation of the rotating field and the relationship between applied frequency and the resultant roational speed. Rather than loop elements, in practice you might use a phased array of dipole elements that produces a constant phase plane wave, not unlike a pair of hemholtz coils produced a uniform field within the coil sets. Four of these "broadside arrays" would from the four sides of a cube, inside of which you could induce the fast rotating fields from the radiated EM waves. In all cases, the driven elements are lauching EM waves a c. Only the vector sum of the two (of four) quatrature fields is in rotation, which leads us back the the question of what happens as the rotational velocity of the sum of these EM fields reaches c within the field generator, and there is not sufficient time for the fields to propogate accross the Vr=c boundry? This is the point where two different physists have tried to lead me dowm the garden path of "red shifted magnetic fields". I'm not sure I'm ready to buy that concept just yet. -- Robert Shannon --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9601034 From: Tevian Dray Date: Mon, 22 Jan 1996 10:57:03 PST The Rotating Quantum Vacuum Author(s): Paul C. W. Davies , Tevian Dray , Corinne A. Manogue Report-no: ADP 95-43/M36 (University of Adelaide) We derive conditions for rotating particle detectors to respond in a variety of bounded spacetimes and compare the results with the folklore that particle detectors do not respond in the vacuum state appropriate to their motion. Applications involving possible violations of the second law of thermodynamics are briefly addressed. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- I'm also saying that a pair of crossed coils will start behaving differently when the driving frequency is so high that the field lines near them try to exceed the speed of light. At low frequencies the coils create a rotating magnetic field. At high frequencies they send out radio waves having a rotating field vector (circularly polarized waves, in other words.) WITHIN the volume of the coils the fields still rotate, at least until the frequency is raised so high that the coils are many wavelengths across. At these frequencies the fields in the center of the crossed coils would be of complex shape, maybe some kind of contracting spiral. (Which is interesting, because at very high frequencies there would be a "hot spot" at the exact center of the crossed coils.) -- Robert Shannon ------------------------------------------------------------------------- On similar topic: anyone ever heard of the "CFA antenna" flap in the UK? CFA is for "crossed-field antenna." There were a bunch of articles and letters to the editor in EWW, "Electronics and Wireless World," the British engineering mag. The CFA-believers though they had discovered a way to make 1-foot antennas which were efficient at 100-meter wavelengths. The key to the CFA was to create the e- and b-fields separately: feed both a coil-loop and a pair of capacitor-spheres with separate high-current and high-voltage signals respectively, orient them 90deg to produce a broadside wave, shift the phases with L/C networks to form the proper EM wave (90? zero? ), and then obtain a powerful EM emission from a tiny antenna. There was a great quantity of argument and name-calling over this, all done in slow-motion over many months of letters in the letters-to-the-editor column. Then it just died away. Either the pro-CFA side couldn't prove that it worked, or nobody believed the proof they did find. -- William Beaty -------------------------------------------------------------------------- And some comments about rotating EM fields by Dr Dennis Cravens in a report titled "Electric Propulsion Study", done for the Astronautics Laboratory at Edwards AFB. August 1990. Dennis Cravens was formerly with SAIC Corp, and is now working with CETI in development of cold fusion. Anyway, here's some things he says in the electric propulsion report about the "peculiarities" of a rotating magnet: ROTATION OF MAGNETS - There is a continuing debate in physics as to the reality of the magnetic field. The prime question is whether the axial magnetic field of a bar magnet rotates with the magnet or is stationary. The Faraday homopolar generator dates back to the 1830s. DePalma, Tewari, and others have attempted to utilize the Faraday generator to produce more power than needed to run it. Most objective reviews of the work have, however, failed to see such effects. It is doubtful that these claims will be independently validated and even more doubtful that they will lead directly to a propulsive system. However, the work on homopolar generators as high current devices is reasonable and may be useful for ground uses. The angular momentum complications seem to rule the system out for any practical space applications. SEARL EFFECT - The Searl Effect is a separate issue from homopolar generator above. Searl has claimed to produce disk levitation by rapidly rotating magnets. There have been claims of anti-gravity, high electric fields, perpetual motion, inertial loss, and gas ionization. All these claims come from Searl or those supportive of his work and no outside witnesses are available. Searl has not supplied any technical data or specifics of the operation in any easily referenced source. It is not recommended that his work be experimentally followed by the USAF. It is worth noting however, that a rotating magnet does have some definite theorectical peculiarities. Through the years there have been many interesting developments concerning the Faraday Homopolar generator. DePalma has claimed to get more energy out than is supplied to the the generator. None of the claims seem to withstand careful examination and no machine has ever been made self driving. The underlying reason that such claims continue to surface is that rotating magnetic fields are extremely difficult to handle within existing theories. This is because for a rotating frame there is a distance (removed from the axis) which is travelling at velocities greater than c. Although the distance is not withing any real physical object, it's existence within the mathematical development greatly complicates any calculations. DePalma B.E., "Electro-Mechanical Device for the Amplification of Electrical Power", The New Age Science Magazine, No 7, 1980 Tewari P., "Generation of Electrical Power from Absolute Vacuum by High Speed Rotation of Conducting Magnetic Cylinder", Tech. Rep. Dept. of Atomic Energy, Bombay India, 1985 Searl, J.R.R., British provisional patent specification #57578, 1970 --------------------------------------------------------------------- These articles are indicative of studies of EM waves and rotating bodies. It appears that when EM waves pass through rotating dielectrics some unusual effects are predicted. This may lead to some interesting future technology. -- Dr Dennis Cravens "Some Remarks on Scattering by a Rotating Dielectric Cylinder", D. Schreiber, Journal of EM Waves and Applications, Vol 2 No2 1988 "Rotating Bodies and Electrodynamics in a Rotating Reference Frame", I.B. Zeldovich and L.V. Rozhavskii, Radiofizka Vol 29 No 9, 1986 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Here's an interesting news brief from Infinite Energy magazine, July/Aug 1995, Dr Eugene Mallove - editor. (603)-228-4516 A bombshell paper has just been published in the American Journal of Physics, Vol 63 No 8, August 1995, pages 694-705, "Maxwell's Equations in a Rotating Medium: Is There a Problem?" by Gerald N. Pellegrini and Arthur R. Swift (the latter of the Dept of Physics and Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA)" The paper is a direct challenge to Special Relativity. It proves one of two things about a classic 1913 experiment of Wilson and Wilson that was used to verify the prediction of relativity that "a moving magnetic dipole develops an electric dipole moment.' The conclusion of the paper is that Special Relativity does NOT agree with this experiment -- and no one has ever challenged the quality of the experiment. Peregrinni told Infinite Energy that he thinks that all of relativity as well as Maxwell's equations as descriptors of EM radiation are now called into question. --------------------------------------------------------------------- The origin of the Montauk Project dates back to 1943 when radar invisibility was being researched aboard the USS Eldridge. As the Eldridge was stationed at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, the events concerning the ship have commonly been referred to as the "Philadelphia Experiment." The objective of this experiment was to make the ship undetectable to radar and while that was achieved, there was a totally unexpected and drastic side effect. The ship became invisible to the naked eye and was removed from time and space as we know it. It went into 10-dimensional hyper-space. For further info into this, read the book called "Hyperspace" by Dr. Michio Kaku. A movie called "The Philadelphia Experiment" was made, but delayed for two years as the Pentagon was able to halt its release. After the war, research continued under the tutelage of Dr. John Von Neumann who had directed the technical aspects of the Phily Experiment. A massive human factor study was also begun at Brookhaven National Labs on Long Island, New York -- known as the Phoenix Project. The Montauk Project culminated on August 12, 1983. A full blown time portal was fully functioning, but things were out of control and the project was crashed. An unauthorized video has been widely distributed regarding this story and several lectures has been given on the Montauk Project. One science reported for the New York times started the project but tacked off when he discovered to his own surprise that the Montauk Project was indeed real. Three books have been released by Preston Nichols, who was involved in the Project, and Peter Moon. They are 1) The Montauk Project: Experiments in Time - 1992 2) Montauk Revisited: Adventures in Synchronicity - 1994 3) Pyramids of Montauk Explorations in Consciousness-1995 This coming year, 1996, the next book will be out and the title will be "Montauk Reconciled" -- Richard Frager ------------------------------------------------------------------------ HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - PHENOMENOLOGY, ABSTRACT HEP-PH/9412234 From: Michael Martin Nieto 505-667-6127 Date: Mon, 5 Dec 94 09:52:27 -0700 THEORETICAL MOTIVATION FOR GRAVITATION EXPERIMENTS ON ULTRA-LOW ENERGY ANTIPROTONS AND ANTIHYDROGEN Authors: Michael Martin Nieto , T. Goldman , John D. Anderson , Eunice L. Lau, J. Perez-Mercader Comments: Written version of invited contribution to LEAP'94: Third Biennial Conference on Low-Energy Antiproton Physics. We know that the generally accepted theories of gravity and quantum mechanics are fundamentally incompatible. Thus, when we try to combine these theories, we must beware of physical pitfalls. Modern theories of quantum gravity are trying to overcome these problems. Any ideas must confront the present agreement with general relativity, but yet be free to wonder about not understood phenomena, such as the dark matter problem and the anomalous spacecraft data which we announce here. This all has led some ``intrepid" theorists to consider a new gravitational regime, that of antimatter. Even more ``daring" experimentalists are attempting, or considering attempting, the measurement of the gravitational force on antimatter, including low-energy antiprotons and, perhaps most enticing, antihydrogen. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - EXPERIMENT, ABSTRACT HEP-EX/9412018 From: PHILLIPS@hep.phy.duke.edu Date: Fri, 30 Dec 1994 16:03:31 -0500 (EST) A Technique for Directly Measuring the Gravitational Acceleration of Antihydrogen, By: Thomas J. Phillips, Duke University Durham Comments: Written version of invited contribution to LEAP'94: Third Biennial Conference on Low-Energy Antiproton Physics. The gravitational force on antimatter has never been directly measured. A method is suggested for measuring the acceleration of antimatter $(\overline g)$ by measuring the deflection of a beam of neutral antihydrogen atoms in the Earth's gravitational field. While a simple position measurement of the beam could be used, a more efficient measurement can be made using a transmission interferometer. A 1\% measurement of $\overline g$ should be possible from a beam of about 100,000 atoms, with the ultimate accuracy being determined largely by the number of antihydrogen atoms that can be produced. A method is suggested for producing an antihydrogen beam appropriate for this experiment. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - PHENOMENOLOGY, ABSTRACT HEP-PH/9509336 From: Michael Martin Nieto 505-667-6127 Date: Tue, 19 Sep 95 14:08:11 -0600 Antimatter Gravity and Antihydrogen Production Authors: Michael H. Holzscheiter , T. Goldman , Michael Martin Nieto Certain modern theories of gravity predict that antimatter will fall differently than matter in the Earth's gravitational field. However, no experimental tests of gravity on antimatter exist and all conclusions drawn from experiments on matter depend, at some level, on a specific model. We have proposed a direct measurement that would compare the gravitational acceleration of antiprotons to that of negatively charged hydrogen ions. Substantial progress towards the development of this experiment has been achieved. Based on our work a number of alternative proposals for measuring ``$g$" on both charged and neutral antimatter have been made. We summarize the present status of our experiment and also discuss the steps that would be necessary to produce antihydrogen in an environment suitable for gravity measurements. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hi Robert, I have one reference for you. The book is called "Suppressed Inventions and other Discoveries". It's an anthology edited by Jonathon Eisen. Authors include: Dr. Brian O'Leary, Christopher Bird, Jeanne Manning, Barry Lynes, and others. As well as Townsend Brown, the inventers/doctors (as well as inventions the book also covers various cancer treatments which have had research suppressed) who are discussed include Naessons, RifeHoxsey, Gerson, Tesla, Brown, Reich and others. The book covers free energy, various "unfree" though different motive technologies, cancer cures which have worked but not seen approval by the AMA, Roswell, the Mars face, and as a delight to conspiracy buffs, there are also chapters on how various Government bodies have suppressed these technologies, as well as how the AMA came to be all powerful in the field of suppressing alternate treatments. The book is published by: Auckland Institute of Technology Press Private Bag 92006 Auckland, New Zealand ISBN No. 0-9583334-7-5 ______________________________________________________________________ For further research, consult the following sources: Fer-de-Lance by T.E. Beardon Tesla Book Company P.O. Box 121873 Chula Vista, CA 91912 USA Leading Edge Research Group (Leading Edge Journal #77 12/94) P.O. Box 7530 Ste 58 Yelm, Washington 98597 USA Nexus Magazine P.O. Box 66 8400 AB Gorredijk The Netherlands Tel/Fax: 31-(0)5133-5567 _____________________________________________________________________ The information on the electrogravitics reference list which is of particular interest to me are the Laithwaite and Wallace references. I think my work (Electrical-Dipole Theory of Gravitation) explains what they were observing and why. Here are some additional references. -- Ralph Sansbury Fischbach, Sudarsky, Szafer, Talmadge, and Aronson in "Reanalysis of the Eotvos Experiment" (Phys Rev Let vol 56 p3 6/1/86) J.H. Pratt and G.B. Airy 1855 Phil Trans v145 Fredrich Zollner, Explanation of Universal Gravitation through the Static Action of Electricity and the General Importance of Weber's Laws, 1882 Immanuel Velikovsky, Cosmos without Gravitation, 1964 V. A. Bailey In the May 14 , 1960 issue of Nature P.M.S. Blackett In the May 17, 1947 issue of Nature T. Gold in a later issue (April 2, 1949) of Nature Henry Wallace US patent number 3 626 605 P.S. Wesson Phys Rev D v23 p1730 (1981) Sansbury R.N. Electrical Engineering Times (12/28/87) Sansbury R.N. US patent number 4,355,195 Sansbury R.N. Rev. Sci. Instr. (3/85) Bartlett D.F. Rev.Sci. Instr. (10/90) Peter Graneau, Nature v295 1982 p311 Weiskopf M.C., Carrico, Gould, Lipworth and Stein, Physical Review Letters 1968, vol21 p1645 Coles and Good, Physical Review 1946 p979 Kaufmann W. p502 in World of the Atom by H. Bourse and L. Motz W.J. Duffin, Electricity and Magnetism Wiley 1973 R.A. Tricker, Early Electrodynamics Pergamon Oxford 1965 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Paper: gr-qc/9410019 From: Peter Marzlin Date: Mon, 17 Oct 94 12:50:28 +0100 THE DIPOLE COUPLING OF ATOMS AND LIGHT IN GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS, Karl-Peter Marzlin, 10 pages, LaTeX The dipole coupling term between a system of N particles with total charge zero and the electromagnetic field is derived in the presence of a weak gravitational field. It is shown that the form of the coupling remains the same as in flat space-time if it is written with respect to the proper time of the observer and to the measurable field components. Some remarks concerning the connection between the minimal and the dipole coupling are given. The level of difficulty in the above paper is well beyond my grasp. But what is clear is that it presents an analysis which strongly suggests that the textbook wavefunctions for electrons within atomic matter can be best described by the dipole coupling rather than the coulomb gauge. The paper also relates the dipole coupling to a weak gravitational field. The last paragraph of the paper provides substance to the idea that gravity is at least in part, an electric dipole phenomena. Here is the last paragraph: "It is interesting to make a comparison of the present results with the well known formal equivalence between the Maxwell field in curved space and in a dielectric medium (23). In this approach one defines a formal dielectric displacement vector to describe the influence of gravity on the Maxwell field. In the absence of particles, i.e. for vanishing polarisation P, the formal electric displacement agrees with the vector delta defined above. Also the coupling of the Poynting vector to the rotation occurs in the energy of the formal Maxwell field." The paper referenced (23) is: A.M. Volkov, A.A. Izmest'ev, and G.V. Skrotskii, Soviet Physics JETP 32, page 686, (1971) Note: There are a variety of other theories and experiments which attempt to show that a static gravitational field is identical to that which results from electric dipole moments -- a polarisation of the vacuum. And conversely, it is well know that if you accelerate a dielectric material, or in "equivalence" subject a dielectric material to a gravitational field or other mechanical force -- an electric field due to dipole moment (polarisation P) will be generated within the material. This effect is especially prevalent in structured crystal dielectrics (piezoelectric materials), which are used as transducers in accelerometer sensors. You can also find piezoelectric material, and conversion of mechanical force to a high voltage electric field, in push-button spark igniters used on gas grills and cigarette lighters. Here's a thought. To enlighten those folks who continue to stubbornly try to debunk the evident relationship between gravitation and electromagnetics -- insert one of these spark igniters in a neuro-sensitive body cavity, and click it as many times as necessary. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- One issue with the electrostatic dipole hypothesis is that once the magnetic effects of spin etc have been considered there is no evidence of such dipoles inside atomic nuclei and electrons. However if magnetic properties of nuclei and electrons can be represented in terms of electrostatic dipoles as recent experiments and theoretical discussion seem to indicate then this objection is avoided. The dipole can be produced by a negatively oriented particle orbiting a positive central particle so that the combination has a net positve charge (see Rev Sci Instr Mar 1985 and Geomagnetism: Gravity Measured by Magnetic Materials, ICP Press, Box 492 NY NY 10185 $25US 1994 by R Sansbury) An added benefit: the observed quadrapole in nuclei and electrons makes more sense in a physically real Taylor expansion by the inclusion of an observed dipole term as well; that is the dipole term is not observed because its effects are wrongly attributed to another cause, magnetism; thus magnetism is properly regarded as a derived apparently separate force like the Coriolis sideways force on bodies moved radially on a rotating platform. -- Ralph Sansbury --------------------------------------------------------------------- About electric dipole precession. The article "Electricity" in Britannica includes a resonance equation for dipole precession in dielectrics. It was identical in form to the one used in magnetic resonance, except for the obvious differences in units. Dielectric precession (resonance) frequencies were in the optical range. Brown didn't use resonance; but he did use a steady frequency. His frequency, too, would damp out if it were discontinued. Greater results than Brown's could probably be achieved with lasers. But I doubt you'll find a better description of dielectric dipole resonance. The Britannica article gives the mathematics. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- van der Waals force (J.D. van der Waals) -- Forces responsible for the non-ideal behavior of gases, and for the lattice energy of molecular crystals. There are three causes: dipole-dipole interaction; dipole-induced dipole moments; and dispersion forces arising because of small instantaneous dipoles in atoms. ------------------------------------------------------------------- "The Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron", Bernreuther & Suzuki, Reviews of Modern Physics, April 1991 vol 63 no 2 -- An electron or any other elementary particle can possess an electric moment (EDM) only by virtue of an interaction that violates parity and time-reversal invariance. The question of whether an electron EDM exists is thus related directly to the unsolved problem of CP violation. According to the standard model, in which CP violation is accounted for in terms of the Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, the electron EDM is predicted to be far too small to be observed experimentally. However, a number of alternative teoretical models of CP violation predict larger values of the electron EDM. These models are of special interest now, when experimental limits on the electron EDM are improving substantially. "The Electron Electric Dipole Moment for a CP-violating Neutral Higgs Sector", J.F. Gunion, Physics Letters: Part 8, Nov 8 1990 "New Experimental Limit on the Electron Electric Dipole Moment", Abdullah & Commins, Physical Review Letters, Nov 5 1990 "The Standard Model Prediction for the Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron", F. Hoogeveen, Nuclear Physics B, Sep 10 1990 "Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron and the Neutron", S.M Barr, Physical Review Letters, July 2 1990, Vol 65 No 1 "Effective Hamiltonian for the Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron", Boyd, Gupta & Trivedi, Physics Letters: Part 8, May 24 1990 "A search for the Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron", K.F. Smith, Physics Letters: Part 8, Jan 4 1990, Vol 234 No 1/2 "Interpretation of the Neutron Electric Dipole Moment: Possible Relationship to Epsilon", Booth, Briere & Sachs, Physical Review D Jan 1 1990, Vol 41 No 1 "Inclusion of the Toroidal-Moment Contribution in the Probability of the Electric Dipole Transition", R.G. Nazmitidinov, Soviet Journal of Nuclear Physics, Sep 1 1990, Vol 53 No 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- But what is the thing in atomic nuclei that collectively produces the gravitational field of the Earth etc. and which causes individual nuclei to react in the prescribed manner? The hypothesis proposed is that atomic nuclei contain small electrostatic dipoles (10^-37C.-m.) with radial and longitudinal components transverse to the west to east spinning direction of the Earth etc. Such dipoles explain the nuclear magnetic moment and electrostatic quadrapole moment inferred from the hyperfine spectra emitted by some excited atoms and the deflection of molecules such as orthohydrogen in a magnetic field (but not parahydrogen because the magnetic moments are anti parallel in pairs and cancel) The Cavendish measurement of the horizontal gravitational force between two lead spheres instead of being attributed to the small masses of each can be attributed to the small horizontal component of the radial force, directed to the center of the Earth, due to the mass of the Earth on each of the small masses. That is gravity is not a property of mass per se but only of spinning mass. The atomic nuclei of all elements, except iron, cobalt, and nickel primarily, tend to line up in the direction of the surrounding atomic nuclei when the bulk object of which they are a part is moved but in the case of the magnetic elements the bulk material must also move to complete the required alignment, hence the north south and downward movement of a magnetized steel compass needle. Hence the Wilson-Blackett proportionality between the angular momentum of planets, stars etc and their magnetic moment where the constant of proportionality is the square root of the gravitational constant divided by the speed of light. For more information see Science News Aug 6 '94 p82. - Ralph Sansbury ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Edward Teller, "Electromagnetism and Gravitation", Proceeds of the National Academy of Science, Vol 74 No 4, Pages 2664-2666. In this paper Dr Teller suggests some clues about the coupling between electromagnetism and gravitation. In the first part of his paper Teller describes how an electric field due to polarization can be induced in a dielectric material which is subject to angular or linear acceleration, or if subject to a gravitational field. In the second part of the paper Teller describes, using purely dimenensional analysis, how a magnetic field might be produced by a spinning mass. He also comments that the magnitude of this magnetic field might be exceedingly small, and notes that a "numerical" factor could exist which might act to increase the magnitude of the field. (Note: It is speculated by others that alignment of microscopic particles with the macroscopic spin axis of the earth, could result in a large "numerical" factor. Fact is, the earth does have a fairly large measurable magnetic field, about which there are a variety of theories as to the origin.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Paper: hep-th/9506049 From: HORIE@dipmza.physik.Uni-Mainz.DE Date: Thu, 08 Jun 1995 11:23:23 +0100 Title: New Insight into the Relation between Torsion and Electromagnetism Author: Kenichi Horie (Mainz Univ.) Report-no: MZ/TH 95-16 In several unified field theories the torsion trace is set equal to the electromagnetic potential. Using fibre bundle techniques we show that this is no leading principle but a formal consequence of another geometric relation between space-time and electromagentism. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - THEORY, ABSTRACT HEP-TH/9409018 From: HORIE@VIPMZw.physik.Uni-Mainz.DE Date: Sat, 03 Sep 1994 10:27:48 +0100 GEOMETRIC INTERPRETATION OF ELECTROMAGNETISM IN A GRAVITATIONAL THEORY WITH SPACE--TIME TORSION BY KENICHI HORIE, INSTITUT FUR PHYSIK, JOHANNES GUTENBERG--UNIVERSIT"AT MAINZ, D--55099 MAINZ, GERMANY, A complete geometric unification of gravity and electromagnetism is proposed by considering two aspects of torsion: its relation to spin established in Einstein--Cartan theory and the possible interpretation of the torsion trace as the electromagnetic potential. Starting with a Lagrangian built of Dirac spinors, orthonormal tetrads, and a complex rather than a real linear connection we define an extended spinor derivative by which we obtain not only a very natural unification, but can also fully clarify the nontrivial underlying fibre bundle structure. Thereby a new type of contact interaction between spinors emerges, which differs from the usual one in Einstein--Cartan theory. The splitting of the linear connection into a metric and an electromagnetic part together with a characteristic length scale in the theory strongly suggest that gravity and electromagnetism have the same geometrical origin. "Gauge Invariant Electromagnetic Coupling with Torsion Potential", Richard T. Hammond, General Relativity and Gravitation, Vol 23 No 11 1991 Electromagnetism is coupled to torsion in a gauge invariant manner by relaxing minimal coupling and introducting into the Lagrangian a term bilinear the electromagnetic field tensor and its torsion potential. The resulting coupling between electromagnetism and torsion is examined and a solution corresponding to traveling coupled waves is given. Since torsion is usually regarded as resuting from the spin of a body, this might establish a classical relationship between charge and spin. The results suggest that the effect should be looked for in high intensity electric fields of low frequency. "Detecting Torsion from Massive Electrodynamics", L.C. Garcia de Andrade, and M. Lopes, General Relativity and Gravitation, Vol 25 No 11 1993 A new method of detecting torsion in the case of massive electrodynamics is proposed. Several authors have proposed methods for the detection of torsion in theories of the Einstein-Cartan type, and also in theories where the torsion field propogates. These theories are based on the studies of Dirac test particles, which have spin like the electron, and the gyroscope-like precession of these atomic particles. The interaction energy between the torsion vector Q, and an electric dipole p, is given by (p dot Q). AUTHOR(s): de Andrade, L.C. Garcia TITLE(s): Electron gyroscopes to test torsion gravity? In: Il nuovo cimento delle societa italiana di fisic OCT 01 1994 v 109 n 10 Page: 1123 AUTHOR: De Sabbata, Venzo. TITLE: Spin and Torsion in Gravitation by Venzo de Sabbata, and C. Sivaram. PUBL.: Singapore ; River Edge, NJ : World Scientific, FORMAT: xii, 313 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. DATE: 1994 SUBJECTS: Torsion, Gravitation AUTHOR: De Sabbata, Venzo. TITLE: Introduction to Gravitation by Venzo de Sabbata and Maurizio Gasperini. PUBL.: Singapore ; Philadelphia : World Scientific, FORMAT: ix, 346 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. DATE: 1985 SUBJECTS: General relativity, Torsion, Gravitation AUTHOR: NATO Advanced Study Institute on Cosmology and Gravitation (1979: Bologna, Italy) TITLE: Cosmology and Gravitation: Spin, Torsion, Rotation, and Supergravity Edited by Peter G. Bergmann and Venzo De Sabbata. PUBL.: New York : Plenum Press : NATO Scientific Affairs Division, FORMAT: ix, 510 p. : ill. ; 26 cm. DATE: 1980 SERIES: NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series v 58 Series B Physics ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CONFERENCE :International Conference on Magnetic and Electric Resonance and Relaxation (1962: Eindhoven) TITLE :Magnetic and electric resonance and relaxation; proceedings of the XIth Colloque Ampere, Eindhoven, July 2-7, 1962. PUBLISHED :Amsterdam, New York, North-Holland Pub. Co.; Interscience Publishers, 1963. DESC :xi,789p. illus.,diagrs.,tables. 24cm. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Lorentz-Dirac equation is a purely classical expression for the electromagnetic force on a point charge, including the self-force from the particle's own radiation. It's a strange equation, with solutions that are manifestly unphysical under certain circumstances. If you want to know more about it, you might want to look at: S. Parrott, Relativistic Electrodynamics and Differential Geometry, Springer-Verlag, 1987. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9403058 PHYS. REV. D50 (1994 3867) carroll@marie.mit.edu (Sean Carroll) Tue, 29 Mar 1994 19:57:32 -0500 CONSEQUENCES OF PROPAGATING TORSION IN CONNECTION-DYNAMIC THEORIES OF GRAVITY, BY SEAN M. CARROLL AND GEORGE B. FIELD, 16 PAGES PLUS ONE FIGURE (PLAIN TEX), MIT-CTP #2291. We discuss the possibility of constraining theories of gravity in which the connection is a fundamental variable by searching for observational consequences of the torsion degrees of freedom. In a wide class of models, the only modes of the torsion tensor which interact with matter are either a massive scalar or a massive spin-1 boson. Focusing on the scalar version, we study constraints on the two-dimensional parameter space characterizing the theory. For reasonable choices of these parameters the torsion decays quickly into matter fields, and no long-range fields are generated which could be discovered by ground-based or astrophysical experiments. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9304047 From: KUBYSHIN%EBUBECM1.BITNET@FRMOP11.CNUSC.FR Date: Sun, 02 May 93 12:55:30 BCN INVARIANT CONNECTIONS WITH TORSION ON GROUP MANIFOLDS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN KALUZA-KLEIN THEORIES, KUBYSHIN YU.A., MALYSHENKO V.O. AND MARIN RICOY D. Invariant connections with torsion on simple group manifolds S are studied and an explicit formula describing them is presented. This result is used for the dimensional reduction in a theory of multidimensional gravity with curvature squared terms on M^{4} times S. We calculate the potential of scalar fields, emerging from extra components of the metric and torsion, and analyze the role of the torsion for the stability of spontaneous compactification. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: Antigravity in Jane's From: "Terry Colvin" "All those interested in advanced propulsion concepts should check out Jane's Defence Weekly, 10 June 1995. An article discusses anti-gravity schemes and shows drawings of sauceroid vehicles from British Aerospace among others. Area 51 is mentioned, as well as an unclassified paper done for the USAF by Science Applications International Corp. in 1990. The subject was [Electric Propulsion], a[n] euphemism for anti-gravity according to Jane's. Michael Flora" -------------------------------------------------------------------- Anti-Gravity for Real -- Discussed in Jane's Defence Weekly Jane's Defence Weekly is a most respected journal in the defense industry. Jane's has often been the first to break the news about secret development of radically new technologies and equipment. Jane's Defence Weekly of 10 June 1995, has an article about advanced aerospace technologies, written by Nick Cook. The idea of anti-gravity is taken seriously and is auspicously present throughout the article -- including three artist renditions of future anti-gravity based craft. The Jane's article commences with a mention of anti-gravity technology, and also ends with a few paragraphs discussing anti-gravity. In between is the bulk of the article, which consists of discussion of "conventional" subjects, including: Hypersonics, Gas Turbine Inrements, The Super Cockpit, and Stealth. At the start of the Jane's article there is some information from the Gravity Rand Report on Electrogravitics which was done for the USAF in 1956, and was recently declassified. Here's an excerpt from the beginning of the Jane's article. Take this example from a specialist US aviation magazine in 1956. "We're already working with equipment to cancel out gravity," Lawrence D Bell, founder of the company that bears his name was quoted as saying. Bell, apparently, was not the only one working in this field. Others said to be seeking to master this arcane 'science' included the Glenn L Martin Company, Convair, Lear, and Sperry Gyroscope. Within a few years we were assured, aircraft, cars, submarines and power stations would all be driven by this radical new propulsion technology. Sadly it was not to be. Here's the ending section of the Jane's article. BEYOND 2001 Groom Lake Nevada is the epicentre of classified USAF research into Stealth and other exotic aerospace technologies. Several years after the collapse of the Soviet threat, activity and investment at this remote, highly secret air base (so secret its prescence is, as yet, unacknowledged by the US government) is still on the increase. While research into less sensitive technologies such two-dimensional thrust-vectoring and advanced short take-off and vertical landing (ASTOVL) are pursued in the open at nearby Edwards AFB in California, Groom Lake is set to hang onto its secrets. The USAF's recent confiscation of 1600 acres of public land bordering the facility is consistent with the Pentagon's desire to maintain its lead in quantum leap technologies -- some of which, according to well qualified observers in and around the Nevada area, defy current thinking into the predicted direction of aerospace engineering. That aerospace ocmpanies continue to look at highly radical alternative air vehicle concepts is evidence of the ongoing quest for breakthrough designs. Glimpses into this world are rare, but provide some insight into likely 21st century research activity. The 1990 unclassified 'Electric Propulsion Study' (a quest for antigravity propulsion system by another name) conducted by the USA's Science Application International Corp (SAIC) on behalf of USAF's then Astronautics Laboratory at Edwards AFB shows that USAF visionaries are still being given free reign. Until recently BAe (British Aerospace) also provided internal resources for its own anti-gravity studies and even went so far as to outline this thinking with artists' concepts -- a case of Lawrence Bell's vision perhaps being not so wide of the mark after all. Before he died, Ben Rich, who headed Lockheed's Skunk Works from 1975-1991, was quoted as saying: "We have some new things. We are not stagnating. What we are doing is updating ourselves, without advertising. There are some new programmes, and there are certain things -- some of them 20 to 30 years old -- that are still breakthroughs and appropriate to keep quiet about. Other people don't have them yet. Thirty years from now, we may still not know the half of what is currently being tested in and around Groom Lake. Copyright 1995, Jane's Defence Weekly, All rights reserved. /* The above information is transmitted under the "Fair Use" rulings of the 1976 Copyright Act for NON-profit academic and general information purposes. */ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ AUTHOR(s): McIntosh, C.B.G. Arianrhod, R. Wade, S. TITLE(s): Electric and magnetic Weyl tensors: classification and analysis. In: Classical and quantum gravity. JUN 01 1994 v 11 n 6 Page 1555 AUTHOR(s): Arianrhod, R. Lun, A.W.-C. McIntosh, C.B.G. TITLE(s): Magnetic curvatures. In: Classical and quantum gravity. SEP 01 1994 v 11 n 9 Page 2331 AUTHOR(s): Arianrhod, R. McInthosh, C.B.G. TITLE(s): Principle null directions of Petrov type I Weyl spinors: geometry and symmetry. In: Classical and quantum gravity. AUG 01 1992 v 9 n 8 Page 1969 AUTHOR(s): Hoenselaers, C. Perjes, Z. TITLE(s): Multipole moments of axisymmetric electrovacuum spacetimes. In: Classical and quantum gravity. OCT 01 1990 v 7 n 10 Page 1819 AUTHOR(s): de Felice, Fernando Yu, Yunqiang Fang, Jing TITLE(s): Relativistic charged spheres. In: Monthly notices of the royal astronomical societ NOV 01 1995 v 277 n 1 Page: L17 AUTHOR(s): de Felice, Fernando TITLE(s): Dynamics on a rotating disk. In: Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and opt NOV 01 1995 v 52 n 5 Page 3452 AUTHOR(s): de Felice, Fernando Yu, Yunqiang Coriasco, Sandro TITLE(s): The Lynden-Bell and Katz Definition of Gravitational Energy: Applications to Singular Solutions. In: General relativity and gravitation. AUG 01 1994 v 26 n 8 Page 813 AUTHOR(s): Cavaglia, Marco de Alfaro, Vittorio de Felice, Fernando TITLE(s): Anisotropic wormhole: Tunneling in time and space. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat JUN 15 1994 v 49 n 12 Page 6493 AUTHOR(s): de Felice, Fernando TITLE(s): Rotating frames and measurements of forces in general relativity. In: Monthly notices of the royal astronomical societ SEP 15 1991 v 252 n 2 Page 197 AUTHOR(s): Hammond, Richard TITLE(s): Tetrad Formulation of Gravity with a Torsion Potential. In: General relativity and gravitation. NOV 01 1994 v 26 n 11 Page 1107 AUTHOR(s): Hammond, Richard TITLE(s): Spin, Torsion, Forces. In: General relativity and gravitation. MAR 01 1994 v 26 n 3 Page 247 AUTHOR(s): Hammond, Richard T. TITLE(s): Gauge Invariant Electromagnetic Coupling with Torsion Potential. In: General relativity and gravitation. NOV 01 1991 v 23 n 11 Page 1195 AUTHOR(s): Hammond, Richard T. TITLE(s): Magnetic Charge Type Equations from Torsion. In: General relativity and gravitation. SEP 01 1991 v 23 n 9 Page 973 AUTHOR(s): Hammond, Richard T. TITLE(s): Dynamic Torsion from a Linear Langrangian. In: General relativity and gravitation. APR 01 1990 v 22 n 4 Page 451 AUTHOR(s): Ringermacher, H.I. TITLE(s): An electrodynamic connection. In: Classical and quantum gravity. SEP 01 1994 v 11 n 9 Page 2383 AUTHOR(s): Anandan,J. Hagen, C.R. TITLE(s): Neutron acceleration in uniform electromagnetic fields. In: Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and opt OCT 01 1994 v 50 n 4 Page 2860 AUTHOR(s): Anandan, J. TITLE(s): Relativistic gravitation and superconductors. In: Classical and quantum gravity. JUN 01 1994 v 11 n 6A Page 23 AUTHOR(s): Georgiou, A. TITLE(s): Rotating Einstein-Mazwell fields: smoothly matched exterior and interior spacetimes with charged dust and surface layer. In: Classical and quantum gravity. JAN 01 1994 v 11 n 1 Page 167 AUTHOR(s): Unnikrishnan, C.S. TITLE(s): Experimental gravitation in India: progress and challenges. In: Classical and quantum gravity. JUN 01 1994 v 11 n 6A Page 195 AUTHOR(s): Cowsik, R. Tandon, S.N. Unnikrishnan, C.S. TITLE(s): Limit on the strength of intermediate-range forces coupling to isospin. In: Physical review letters. NOV 07 1988 v 61 n 19 Page 2179 AUTHOR(s): Banerjee, A. Panigrahi, D. Chatterjee, S. TITLE(s): Evolution of Kaluza-Klein inhomogeneous model with a cosmological constant. In: Journal of mathematical physics. JUL 01 1995 v 36 n 7 Page 3619 AUTHOR(s): Chatterjee, S. Panigrahi, D. Banerjee, A. TITLE(s): Inhomogeneous Kaluza-Klein cosmology. In: Classical and quantum gravity. FEB 01 1994 v 11 n 2 Page 371 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- It might interest antigravity researchers to know (for those not already aware) that Professor ER Laithwaite, a respected British electrical engineer, has been doing work on this very subject for decades, but when he tried to demonstrate the viability of his theories to his peers their closed minds closed ranks and ridiculed his efforts as fantasy. Laithwaite lost cred with the scientific community and had to rely just on one or two close associates in semi-secrecy. A recent (a year or two ago) series of TV programmes in Britain (on controversial scientific discoveries that have yet to accepted by the scientific establishment as worthy of further research and funding) ran an episode on Laithwaite. He claimed that gyroscopes could transfer mass. I know of one book he wrote: Transport Without Wheels published by Paul Elek in 1977 ISBN 0236400665 (info from an old note I made) though this is NOT specifically about his antigravity theories (I remember that it concentrated on propulsion via electrical rails) I would be most interested in learning about anything he (or anyone else) might have written specifically on his antigravity work. - George Szaszvari "Propulsion by Gyro", Eric Laithwaite, Space, Sep 1989 Vol 5 No 5 In an attempt to reveal the strange, hidden properties of gyroscopes, Professor Eric Laithwaite explains the physics behind the idea that a propulsion system could be built using gyros. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- AUTHOR(s): Ljubicic, A. Zovko, N. TITLE(s): Lorentzian component of the fifth force. In: Fizika B. JAN 01 1992 v 1 n 1 Page: 1 AUTHOR(s): Bertotti, B. Sivaram, C. TITLE(s): Radiation of the <> field. In: Il Nuovo cimento della Societa italiana di fisic NOV 01 1991 v 106 n 11 Page: 1299 AUTHOR(s): Fujii, Y. TITLE(s): The Theoretical Background of the Fifth Force. In: International journal of modern physics. a, pa AUG 20 1991 v 6 n 20 Page: 3505 AUTHOR(s): Mannheim, Philip D. TITLE(s): General Relativity and Fifth Force Experiments. In: Astrophysics and space science. JUL 01 1991 v 181 n 1 Page: 55 AUTHOR(s): Cho, Y.M. Park, D.H. TITLE(s): Fifth Force from Kaluza-Klein Unification. In: General relativity and gravitation. JUL 01 1991 v 23 n 7 Page: 741 AUTHOR(s): Fujii, Y. TITLE(s): Locally varying particle masses due to a scalar fifth-force field. In: Physics letters: [Part B] FEB 14 1991 v 255 n 3 Page: 439 AUTHOR(s): Hagiwara, Yukio TITLE(s): No gravimetric evidence for the fifth force? Summary: TEXT IN JAPANESE In: Chigaku zasshi = 1991 v 100 n 3 Page: 429 AUTHOR(s): Cho, Y.M. Park, D.H. TITLE(s): Higher-dimensional unification and fifth force. In: Il nuovo cimento delle societa italiana di fisic AUG 01 1990 v 105 n 8/9 Page: 817 AUTHOR(s): Sardanashvily, G. TITLE(s): The Gauge Model of the Fifth Force (E,SUM). In: Acta physica Polonica, B. AUG 01 1990 v 21 n 8 Page: 583 AUTHOR(s): Schimdt, H.-J. TITLE(s): Fifth force, dark matter, and fourth-order gravity. In: Europhysics letters. AUG 01 1990 v 12 n 7 Page: 667 AUTHOR(s): de Sabbata, Venzo Sivaram, C. TITLE(s): Fifth Force as a Manifestation of Torsion. In: International journal of theoretical physics. JAN 01 1990 v 29 n 1 Page: 1 AUTHOR(s): Timoshenko, E.G. Sardanashvily, G.A. TITLE(s): Gauge model for the fifth force. In: Moscow university physics bulletin. 1990 v 45 n 4 Page: 73 AUTHOR(s): Hagiwara, Yukio TITLE(s): The fifth force-doubt about newton's gravitational law Summary: TEXT IN JAPANESE In: Chigaku zasshi = 1990 v 99 n 3 n 904 Page: 263 AUTHOR(s): Gasperini, M. TITLE(s): Phenomenological consequences of a direct fifth force coupling to photons. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. NOV 15 1989 v 40 n 10 Page: 3525 AUTHOR(s): Gasperini, M. TITLE(s): Fifth force and the gravi-magnetic hypothesis.. In: Physics letters: [part A] OCT 02 1989 v 140 n 6 Page: 271 AUTHOR(s): Fayet, P. TITLE(s): The fifth force charge as a linear combination of baryonic, leptonic (or B-L) and electric charges. In: Physics letters: [Part B] AUG 17 1989 v 227 n 1 Page: 127 AUTHOR(s): Mufti, A. Kwong, N.H. Schaudt, K.J. TITLE(s): Search for the fifth force using Gauss's law. In: Physics letters: [part A] JUL 31 1989 v 139 n 3 / 4 Page: 115 AUTHOR(s): Bizzeti, P.G. TITLE(s): Search for a Composition-Dependent Fifth Force. Summary: A differential accelerometer consisting of a solid sphere floating freely inside a stratified saline solution has been used to search for a composition-dependent force, originated by a mountain relief. No evidence of such a force has been obtained. In: Physical review letters. JUN 19 1989 v 62 n 25 Page: 2901 AUTHOR(s): T.M. Aliev, Dobroliubov, M.I. Ignatiev, A. Yu. TITLE(s): Do Kaon decays constrain the fifth force? In: Physics letters: [Part B] APR 20 1989 v 221 n 1 Page: 77 AUTHOR(s): Riveros, C. Logiudice, E. A. Vucetich, H. TITLE(s): On differential fifth force measurements. In: Physics letters: [part A] APR 17 1989 v 136 n 7/8 Page: 343 AUTHOR(s): Kuroda, K. Mio, N. TITLE(s): A Free Fall Interferometer to Search for a Possible Fifth Force. In: IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measure APR 01 1989 v 38 n 2 Page: 189 AUTHOR(s): Faller, J. E. Fischbach, E. Fujii, Y. TITLE(s): Precision Experiments to Search for the Fifth Force. In: IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measure APR 01 1989 v 38 n 2 Page: 180 AUTHOR(s): Stubbs, C. W. Adelberger, E. G. Heckel, B. R. TITLE(s): Gravitation and Astrophysics: Limits on composition-dependent interactions using a laboratory source: Is there a "fifth force" coupled to isospin? In: Physical review letters. FEB 06 1989 v 62 n 6 Page: 609 TITLE(s): Alternate source of fifth force challenged. In: Science news. OCT 01 1988 v 134 n 14 Page: 214 TITLE(s): The stimulation of the fifth force. In: Nature. SEP 29 1988 v 335 n 6189 Page: 393 -------------------------------------------------------------------- One of the first "scientific" DOGMAS fed to new physics students is the doctrine about "projectile motion". Students are given several formulas or equations from which they can precisely calculate how high and far a projectile will travel given its initial speed and angle from the ground. But the results are NOT so absolute as students are led to believe, even if they take into account air resistance and Coriolis effects. Recent experiments have shown that if the projectile is SPINNING at HIGH SPEED, (at least 27,000 RPM), [axis of spin coinciding with line of projection], the projectile will travel HIGHER and FARTHER than predicted by Newtonian mechanics! Similarly, experiments with falling gyroscopes have shown that a gyroscope whose enclosed rotor is spinning at high speed (about 27,000 RPM) falls AT A DIFFERENT RATE than when the same gyroscope falls with rotor NOT spinning. The AMOUNT of DEVIATION might depend on the MATERIAL COMPOSITION of the projectile or rotor, as suggested in the text of U.S. Patent #3,626,605, "Method and Apparatus for Generating a Secondary Gravitational Force Field", by Henry W. Wallace, Dec. 14, 1971. These DEVIATIONS are EASILY REPRODUCABLE, and effectively DIS-PROVE the OVER-HYPED "General Theory of Relativity" which states that gravity results from a "warping or distorion of space" caused by the MERE PRESENCE of mass. - Robert McElwaine -------------------------------------------------------------------------- The late Henry W Wallace died april 1994. Fellow researchers at GE were not "happy" with his research regarding gravitational fields. An interesting article was written in The New Scientist circa 1980 about Wallace's work. -- Ron Kita ----------------------------------------------------------------- Henry Wallace was an engineer at General Electric about 25 years ago, and developed some incredible inventions relating to the underlying physics of the gravitational field. Few people have heard of him or his work. US Patent #3626605 -- "Method and Apparauts for Generating a Secondary Gravitational Force Field" Awarded to Henry Wm Wallace of Ardmore PA Dec 14, 1971 US Patent #3626606 -- "Method and Apparatus for Generating a Dynamic Force Field" Awarded to Henry Wm Wallace of Ardmore PA Dec 14, 1971 US Patent #3823570 -- "Heat Pump" (based on technology similar to the above two inventions) Awarded to Henry Wm Wallace of Freeport NY July 16, 1973 Wallace discovered that a force field, similar or related to the gravitational field, results from the interaction of relatively moving masses. He built machines which demonstrated that this field could be generated by spinning masses of elemental material having an odd number of nucleotides -- i.e. a nucleus having a multiple half-integral value of h-bar, the quantum of angular momentum. Wallace used bismuth or copper material for his rotating bodies and "kinnemassic" field concentrators. Aside from the immense benefits to humanity which could result from a better understanding of the physical nature of gravity, and other fundamental forces, Wallace's inventions could have enormous practical value in countering gravity or converting gravitational force fields into energy for doing useful work. So, why has no one heard of him? One might think that the discoverer of important knowledge such as this would be heralded as a great scientist and nominated for dynamite prizes. Could it be that his invention does not work? Anyone can get the patents. Study them -- Wallace -- General Electric -- detailed descriptions of operations -- measurements of effects -- drawings and models -- it is authentic. If you're handy you can even build it yourself. It does work. So what is going on? One explanation I've heard is that Wallace ran up against the politics of science, as dictated in the late 1960's by the power-block at Princeton, who were primarily interested in promoting the ideas of their main man, Einstein, and the gravitation-is-geometry paradigm. Maybe there is some truth to this story. Nowadays, there seems to be a piss-pot full of theoretical physicists working on abstract geometrical theories and other absurdly difficult mental masturbations, while no one seems to have made any effort to provide a theoretical explanation of the physics of a nuts-and-bolts invention which could have enormous practical value. Maybe we can blame it on the Princeton folks, but I'm more inclined to believe that our defense industry black project community has confiscated and suppressed knowledge of Wallace's discoveries. All done of course under the most honorable and sacred banner of national security. Well, it's been 25 years. We ought to be real secure by now. Isn't it way past time for some trickle down benefits to real people? ---------------------------------------------------------------------- There are two paragraphs about the Wallace inventions in the Electric Propulsion Study by Dr Dennis Cravens, prepared in 1991. Cravens had this to say about Wallace's work: ROTATIONAL ALIGNMENT - Nuclei can also be aligned by rotation. Henry Wallace claimed some unusual effects assigned to electomagnetic and gravitational couplings. This was in three US patents (3823570, 3626605, and 362606). The assertion was that the application of a rotational force on a material of half-integral spin would result in a reorientation of the nuclear structure and could be utilized for "altering its gravitational attraction toward other bodies, separation of isotopes by distinguishing between nuclei according to their nucleon content..." The patents are written in a very believable style which includes part numbers, sources for some components, and diagrams of data. Attempts were made to contact Wallace using patent addresses and other sources but he was not located nor is there a trace of what became of his work. However, should the work be real it may furnish a novel experimental approach to experimental design. The concept can be somewhat justified on general relativistic grounds since rotating frames of time varying fields are expected to emit gravitational radiation. Even if the work does not give a direct gravitational coupling it may furnish a new method for nuclear spin alignment. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- An article about the Wallace patents appeared in the British magazine "New Scientist" in February 1980. This was written nearly ten years after Wallace was awarded his patents. Here's a paragraph from the article. "Although the Wallace patents were initially ignored as cranky, observers believe that his invention is now under serious but secret investigation by the military authorities in the US. The military may now regret that the patents have already been granted and so are available for anyone to read." I know -- it's a tease. And the rest of the article is the same way. It provides barely enough information to jab your psyche a little, and not nearly enough to get you off your comfortable ass. And who knows who the anonymous party of "observers" are, who believe that a secret investigation is underway by the military -- or whether these observers even exist at all. None the less, the New Scientist has a fairly well established track record for accurate identification of new science trends and issues. And, while the editors of this British journal may be prone to enjoyment of gossip and innuendo, it generally turns out be grounded in truth. ------------------------------------------------------------------ NUCLEAR SPIN SELECTIVITY OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS A.L.Buchachenko, N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences 4 Ul. Kosygina, 117334 Moscow, Russian Federation, Fax: +7(095)938-2156 A property of spin selective reactions to sort the nuclei according to their spin and orientation, is discussed. The separation of spin (magnetic) and spinless (nonmagnetic) nuclei forms the basis for the magnetic isotope effect, the separation of nuclei according to their orientation and creation of nuclear alignment in reaction products is a basis for the chemically induced nuclear polarisation phenomenon. Bibliography - 50 references. Received 14 February 1995 _________________________________________________________________ NUCLEAR THEORY, ABSTRACT NUCL-TH/9601046 From: spevak@TAUPHY.TAU.AC.IL Date: Tue, 30 Jan 1996 17:18:34 +0200 Collective T- and P- Odd Electromagnetic Moments in Nuclei with Octupole Deformations Author(s): N. Auerbach , V.V. Flambaum , V. Spevak Parity and time invariance violating forces produce collective P- and T- odd moments in nuclei with static octupole deformation. Collective Schiff moment, electric octupole and dipole and also magnetic quadrupole appear due to the mixing of rotational levels of opposite parity and can exceed single-particle moments by more than a factor of 100. This enhancement is due to two factors, the collective nature of the intrinsic moments and the small energy separation between members of parity doublets. The above moments induce T- and P- odd effects in atoms and molecules. Experiments with such systems may improve substantially the limits on time reversal violation. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The Hughes-Drever experiment was conducted in 1959-1960 independently by Vernon Hughes and collaborators at Yale University, and by Ron Drever at Glasgow University. In the Glasgow version, the experiment examined the ground state of the lithium-7 nucleus in an external magnetic field. The state has total angular momentum quantum number 3/2, and thus is spolit into four equally spaced levels by the magnetic field. When the nucleus undergoes a transition between a pair of adjacent levels, the photon emitted has the same energy or frequency, no matter which pair of levels was involved. The result is a single narrow spectral line. Any external perturbation of the nucleus that is associated with a preferred direction in space, such as the motion of the Earth relative to the mean rest frame of the universe, will destroy the equality of the energy spacing between the four levels, since the nuclear wave functions of the four levels have different spacial dependencies relative to the magnetic field. Using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, the experiments set a limit on the separation or spread in frequency of line that corresponded to a limit on anistropy or bidirectional dependence in the energy of the nucleu at the level of one part in 10^23. -- Clifford Will, Chapt 2 of The New Physics, edited by Paul Davies -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Magnetic resonance in its various forms, NMR, EPR, and EFR, are all applied to relatively small specimens and, with the exception of EFR, are rarely applied to magnetic materials. EFR means Electron Ferromagnetic Resonance, and the best intro to this subject is by Vonsovskii. Curiously, there is no published data on EFR for large ferromagnetic specimens. A literature search at a campus of the University of California revealed nothing. F. Herlach has said that there is an 'open' literature and a 'closed' literature concerning magnetic research. -- Larry Adams ------------------------------------------------------------------------ A body which is spinning within a larger macroscopic body which is also spinning will tend to align the axis of its angular momentum with the angular momentum of the larger body. For example, a gyroscope located on the earth, unless it is in a frictionless gimbal, with always try to precess due to the rotation of the earth into alignment with the earth's polar axis, at which point it will no longer precess due to earth rotation. Another example, a cylinder of magnetic material spinning around its longitudinal axis will develop a magnetic field proportional to is angular velocity (Barnett Effect), because the angular momemtum of the electrons in the material will attempt to precess and come into alignment with the macroscopic axis of the spinning cylinder, which also brings into alignment the magnetic moment of the electrons, some of which have unpaired spins (ferromagnetic), resulting in generation of a macroscopic magnetic field. Similarly, it is know that a static magnetic field itself contains angular momentum -- and spinning the source of the static field, whether a magnet or DC current loop, will result in a corresponding increase or decrease in the field strength. Another example is the inventions of Henry Wallace. Wallace found that if you spin a material which has an odd number of nucleotides, i.e. having an "un-paired" value of angular momentum, resulting in a nucleus with a multiple integer of a one-half value of quantum momentum. The spin in the nucleus will begin to line up with the macroscopic spin axis, and will create an unusual force field related to gravity -- which he call a "kinemassic" field. Maybe I've missed it, but I've looked seriously, and there seems to be no information in undergraduate or graduate level physics reference books which mentions the relationship between macroscopic and microscopic angular momentum -- much less provides any analysis or explanation linking quantum angular momentum to macroscopic angular momentum. Why not? How does quantum angular momentum become organized from a microscopic to a macroscopic level? Has anyone ever published any work about this? I can't find any. ----- Date: Sun, 5 Nov 1995 From: James Youlton To: Robert Stirniman Re: Angular Momentum and the Barnett Effect On Wed, 1 Nov 1995, Robert Stirniman wrote: > Maybe I've missed it, but I've looked seriously, and there seems > to be no information in undergraduate or graduate level physics > reference books which mentions the relationship between > macroscopic and microscopic angular momentum -- much less > provides any analysis or explanation linking quantum angular > momentum to macroscopic angular momentum. You're catching on. The subject of compound angular momentum, or internal and external angular momentum, or intrinsic and extrinsic angular momentum has been a repressed subject for about 2 and half decades. Add to that list, spherical pendulums, Coriolis effect, except as applied to balistics and meteorology as used by the US military, and Shafer's pendulum, that neat little device used as the artifical horizon of aircraft. > How does quantum angular momentum become organized from a > microscopic to a macroscopic level? Has anyone ever published > any work about this? I can't find any. There isn't any that I know of, though back in the late fifties, there was a fellow named Edward Condon at the University of Colorado who was fairly proficient on the subject. So much so that he wrote the rotational dynamics section, called noninertial dynamics at the time, of the reference "The Handbook of Physics" which he also co-edited (Chapter 5). I don't recall offhand who the publisher was (Harcourt/Brace?), though it was endorsed by the American Institute of Physics. Later, when Mr Condon was the head of the USAF project 'Blue Book', he labored to supress his own work when the directive was handed down from the Navy's Turtle Island project. -- James Youlton --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Condon directed a government UFO project, but was never the head of Blue Book. That position was held, for most or perhaps all of Blue Book's life, by an Air Force Officer Named Edward Ruppelt. Blue Book was shut down in 1969, shortly after the report of the project Condon directed, "Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects". -- Jim Giglio ------------------------------------------------------------------------ AUTHOR: Cousins, Frank W. TITLE: The anatomy of the gyroscope : a report in 3 parts comprising a literature and patent survey directed to the gyroscope and its applications / by Frank W. Cousins ; edited by John L. Hollington. PUBL.: Neuilly-sur-Seine, France : North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, FORMAT: 296 p. (in various pagings) ; 30 cm. DATE: 1988 SERIES: AGARDograph no. 313 AUTHOR: Leimanis, E. (Eugene) TITLE: The general problem of the motion of coupled rigid bodies about a fixed point. PUBL.: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag, FORMAT: xvi, 337 p. illus. 24 cm. DATE: 1965 SERIES: Springer tracts in natural philosophy. v. 7 SUBJECT Dynamics, Rigid Gyroscopes, Two-body problem, Astrodynamics AUTHOR(s): de Andrade, L.C. Garcia TITLE: Electron gyroscopes to test torsion gravity? In: Il nuovo cimento delle societa italiana di fisic OCT 01 1994 v 109 n 10 Page 1123 AUTHOR(s): Abe, Hiroshi Yoshida, Tetsuo Turuga, Kikuo TITLE: Piezoelectric-ceramic cylinder vibratory gyroscope. In: Japanese journal of applied physics. part 1, r SEP 01 1992 v 31 n 9B Page 3061 AUTHOR(s): Case, William B. Shay, Michael A. TITLE: On the interesting behavior of a gimbal-mounted gyroscope. In: American journal of physics. JUN 01 1992 v 60 n 6 Page 503 AUTHOR(s): Zhuravlev, V.F. TITLE: Nutational self-oscillation of a free gyroscope. In: Mechanics of solids. 1992 v 27 n 6 Page 11 AUTHOR(s): Chang, C.O. Chou, C.S. TITLE: Partially Filled Nutation Damper for a Freely Processing Gyroscope. In: Journal of guidance, control, and dynamics. SEP 01 1991 v 14 n 5 Page 1046 AUTHOR(s): Chang, C.O. Chou, C.S. Liu, L.Z. TITLE: Stability analysis of a freely precessing gyroscope carrying a mercury ring damper. In: Journal of sound and vibration. MAY 08 1991 v 146 n 3 Page 491 AUTHOR(s): Imanishi, Akira Maruyama, Koichi Midorikawa, Shoichi TITLE: Observation against the Weight Reduction of Spinning Gyroscopes. In: Journal of the physical society of japan. APR 01 1991 v 60 n 4 Page 1150 AUTHOR(s): Petry, Walter TITLE: Angular Momentum and Gyroscope in Flat Space-Time Theory of Gravitation. In: Astrophysics and space science. JAN 01 1991 v 175 n 1 Page 1 AUTHOR(s): Zhivkov, A.I. TITLE: Geometry of invariant manifolds of a gyroscope in the field of a quadratic potential. In: Mathematics of the USSR: Izvestija. 1991 v 37 n 1 Page 227 AUTHOR(s): Hayashi, Kenji Shirafuji, Takeshi TITLE: Frame-Dragging Precession of Orbiting Gyroscopes in New General Relativity and Possible Violation of Equivalence Principle. In: Progress of theoretical physics. DEC 01 1990 v 84 n 6 Page 1074 AUTHOR(s): El-Sabaa, F.M. TITLE: On the Periodic Motion of a Gyroscope Supported by Cardan Gimbals. In: al-Majallah al-Arabiyah lil-ulum wa-al-handasa JUL 01 1990 v 15 n 3 Page 495 AUTHOR(s): Moffat, J.W. Brownstein, J.R. TITLE: Spinning test particles and the motion of a gyroscope according to the nonsymmetric gravitation theory. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. MAY 15 1990 v 41 n 10 Page 3111 AUTHOR(s): Nitschke, J.M. Wilmarth, P.A. TITLE: Null result for the weight change of a spinning gyroscope. In: Physical review letters. APR 30 1990 v 64 n 18 Page 2115 AUTHOR(s): Faller, J. E. Hollander, W. J. Nelson, P. G. TITLE(s): Gyroscope-weighing experiment with a null result. In: Physical review letters. FEB 19 1990 v 64 n 8 Page 825 AUTHOR(s): Rumyantsev, V.V. TITLE: Stability of permanent rotations of a nonsymmetric liquid-filled gyroscope. In: Mechanics of solids. 1990 v 25 n 6 Page 1 AUTHOR(s): Panayotounakos, D.E. Theocaris, P.S. TITLE: On the Decoupling and the Solutions of the Euler Dynamic Equations Governing the Motion of a Gyroscope. In: Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathematik und Mechan 1990 v 70 n 11 Page 489 AUTHOR(s): Hayasaka, Hideo Takeulchi, Sakae TITLE: Gravitation and Astrophysics. Summary: Anomalous weight reduction on a gyroscope's right rotations around the vertical axis on the Earth. In: Physical review letters. DEC 18 1989 v 63 n 25 Page 2701 AUTHOR(s): Laithwaite, Eric TITLE: Propulsion by Gyro. Summary: In an attempt to reveal the strange, hidden properties of gyroscopes, Professor Eric Laithwaite explains the physics behind the idea that a propulsion system could be built using gyros. In: Space. SEP 01 1989 v 5 n 5 Page 36 AUTHOR(s): Vitale, S. Bonaldi, M. Falferi, P. TITLE: Magnetization by rotation and gyromagnetic gyroscopes. Summary: We discuss how the general phenomenon of magnetization by rotation may be used probe the angular velocity of the laboratory with respect to a local frame of inertia. We show that gyroscope with no moving parts based on this pheno- In: Physical review B: Condensed matter. JUN 01 1989 v 39 n 16 p B Page 11993 AUTHOR(s): Aspden, H. TITLE: Anti Gravity Electronics. Summary: Reinterpretation of Newton's Third Law of Motion suggests that it depends upon and electronic action. Electronic interaction therefore explains the paradoxical anti-gravity properties of the force processed gyroscope. In: Electronics & Wireless World. JAN 01, 1989 v 95 n 1635 Page 29 AUTHOR(s): Sachs, Mendel TITLE: The Precessional Frequency of a Gyroscope in the Quaternionic Formulation of General Relativity. In: Foundations of physics. JAN 01 1989 v 19 n 1 Page 105 AUTHOR(s): Medvedev, A.V. TITLE: Motion of a rapidly run-up gyroscope acted upon by a constant moment in a resistive medium. In: Mechanics of solids. 1989 v 24 n 2 Page 21 AUTHOR(s): Starzhinskii, V.M. TITLE: An exceptional case of motion of the Kovalevskaia gyroscope. In: PMM, Journal of applied mathematics and mechanic 1983 v 47 n 1 Page 134 AUTHOR: Gray, Andrew, 1847-1925. TITLE: A treatise on gyrostatics and rotational motion; theory and applications. PUBL.: New York, Dover Publications FORMAT: 530 p. illus. 22 cm. DATE: 1959 QA861:P4 Perry, John SPINNING TOPS AND GYROSCOPIC MOTION. By John Perry. Dover, 1957. 102 pages --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Articles and Books by Kip Thorne: AUTHOR: Misner, Charles W. TITLE: Gravitation (by) Charles W. Misner, Kip S. Thorne (and) John Archibald Wheeler. PUBL.: San Francisco, W. H. Freeman FORMAT: xxvi, 1279 p. illus. 26 cm. 1973 SUBJECT: Astrophysics, General relativity, Gravitation GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9308009 THE QUANTUM PROPAGATOR FOR A NONRELATIVISTIC PARTICLE IN THE VICINITY OF A TIME MACHINE DALIA S. GOLDWIRTH, MALCOLM J. PERRY, TSVI PIRAN AND KIP S.THORNE. We study the propagator of a non-relativistic, non-interacting particle in any non-relativistic ``time-machine'' spacetime of the type shown in Fig. 1: an external, flat spacetime in which two spatial regions, V- at time t- and V+ at time t+, are connected by two temporal wormholes, one leading from the past side of V- to t the future side of V+ and the other from the past side of V+ to the future side of V-. We express the propagator explicitly in terms of those for ordinary, flat spacetime and for the two wormholes; and from that expression we show that the propagator satisfies completeness and unitarity in the initial and final ``chronal regions'' (regions without closed timelike curves) and its propagation from the initial region to the final region is unitary. However, within the time machine it satisfies neither completeness nor unitarity. We also give an alternative proof of initial-region-to-final-region unitarity based on a conserved current and Gauss's theorem. This proof can be carried over without change to most any non-relativistic time-machine spacetime; it is the non-relativistic version of a theorem by Friedman, Papastamatiou and Simon, which says that for a free scalar field, quantum mechanical unitarity follows from the fact that the classical evolution preserves the Klein-Gordon inner product. AUTHOR(s): Thorne, Kip S. TITLE(s): Gravitational-wave bursts with memory: The Christodoulou effect. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. JAN 15 1992 v 45 n 2 Page 520 AUTHOR(s): Apostolatos, Theocharis A. Thorne, Kip S. TITLE(s): Rotation halts cylindrical, relativistic gravitational collapse. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. SEP 15 1992 v 46 n 6 Page 2435 AUTHOR(s): Echeverria, Fernando Klinkhammer, Gunnar Thorne, Kip S. TITLE(s): Billiard balls in wormhole spacetmes with closed timelike curves: Classical theory. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. AUG 15 1991 v 44 n 4 Page 1077 AUTHOR(s): Eich, Chris Zimmermann, Mark E. Thorne, Kip S. TITLE(s): Giant and supergiant stars with degenerate neutron cores. In: The astrophysical journal. NOV 01 1989 v 346 n 1 p 1 Page 277 AUTHOR(s): Frolov, Valery P. Thorne, Kip S. TITLE(s): Renormalized stress-energy tensor near the horizon of a slowly evolving, rotating black hole Summary: The renormalized expectation value of the stress-energy tensor ren of a quantum field in an arbitrary quantum state near the future horizon of a rotating (Kerr) black hole is derived in two very different ways: One derivation (restricted for simplicity to a massless scalar field) makes use of traditional techniques of quantum field theory in curved spacetime, augmented by a variant of the "ETA formalism " for handling superradiant modes. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. APR 15 1989 v 39 n 8 Page 2125 AUTHOR(s): Kim, Sung-Won Thorne, Kip S. TITLE(s): Do vacuum fluctuations prevent the creation of closed timelike curves? In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. JUN 15 1991 v 43 n 12 Page 3929 AUTHOR: Thorne, Kip S. TITLE: Black holes and time warps : Einstein's outrageous legacy / Kip S. Thorne. PUBL.: New York : W.W. Norton, FORMAT: 619 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. 1994 SERIES: Commonwealth Fund Book Program (Series) SUBJECT: Relativity, Astrophysics, Physics--Philosophy, Black holes AUTHOR: Harrison, B. Kent. TITLE: Gravitation theory and gravitational collapse (by) B. Kent Harrison, Kip S. Thorne, Masami Wakano (and) John Archibald Wheeler. PUBL.: Chicago, University of Chicago Press FORMAT: xvii, 177 p. illus. 25 cm. 1965 SUBJECT: Astrophysics, Gravitation AUTHOR: Thorne, Kip S. TITLE: Gravitational radiation : a new window onto the universe / Kip S. Thorne, William R. Kenan, Jr. PUBL.: Cambridge, (Cambridgeshire) ; New York : Cambridge University Press, DATE: 1988 SUBJECT: Gravitational radiation AUTHOR: Braginskii, V. B. (Vladimir Borisovich TITLE: Quantum measurement / Vladimir B. Braginsky and Farid Ya. Khalili ; edited by Kip S. Thorne. PUBL.: Cambridge (England) ; New York, NY, USA : Cambridge University Press, SUBJECT: Quantum theory, Physical measurements AUTHOR: Braginskii, V. B. (Vladimir Borisovich) Sistemy s maloi dissipatsiei. English TITLE: Systems with small dissipation / V.B. Braginsky, V.P. Mitrofanov, V.I. Panov ; edited by Kip S. Thorne and Cynthia Eller ; translated by Erast Gliner. PUBL.: Chicago : University of Chicago Press, FORMAT: xii, 145 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. DATE: 1985 SUBJECT: Harmonic oscillators--Design and construction. Physical measurements NOTES: Translation of: Sistemy s maloi dissipatsiei. Includes index. Title: Black holes : the membrane paradigm / edited by Kip S. Thorne, Richard H. Price, Douglas A. Macdonald. Date/Source: New Haven : Yale University Press, 1986. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SELECTED "MEMORABLE" PAPERS FROM THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: E. U. Condon, "Where Do We Live? Reflections on Physical Units and the Universal Constants," 2 (2), 63-69 (1934). V. F. Weisskopf, "On the Theory of the Electric Resistance of Metals," 11 (1), 1-12 (1943). E. U. Condon and P. E. Condon, "Effect of Oscillations of the Case on the Rate of a Watch," 16 (1), 14-16 (1948). G. F. Pake, "Fundamentals of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Absorption 1," 18 (7), 438-452 (1950); "Fundamentals of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Absorption II," 18 (8), 473-486 (1950). J. H. Van Vleck, "Landmarks in the Theory of Magnetism," 18 (8),495-509 (1950). Herbert Goldstein, "The Classical Motion of a Rigid Charged Body in a Magnetic Field," 19 (2), 100-109 (1951). J. C. Slater, "The Electron Theory of Solids," 19 (6), 368-374 (1951). L. I. Schiff, "Quantum Effects in the Radiation from Accelerated Relativistic Electrons," 20 (8), 474-478 (1952). Kerson Huang, "On the Zitterbewegung of the Dirac Electron," 20 (8), ' 479-484 (1952). F. Keffer, H. Kaplan, and Y. Yafet, "Spin Waves in Ferromagnetic and Antiferromagnetic Materials," 21 (4), 250-257 (1953). F.M. Purcell, "Nuclear Magnetism," 22 (1), 1-8 (1954). H. G. Dehmelt, "Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance," 22(3), 110-120 (1954). C. Kittel, "The Effective Mass of Electrons in Crystals," 22 (5), 250-252 (1954). E. J. Zimmerman, "Numerical Coincidences in Microphysics and Cosmology," 23(31), 136-141 (1955). W. H. Furry, "Lorentz Transformation and the Thomas Precession," 21 (8), 517-525(1955). C. E. Chase, "Ultrasonic Propagation in Liquid Helium," 24 (3), 136-155(1956). E. C. Watson, "On the Relations Between Light and Electricity" (a translation of Reinrich Hertz's Heidelberg lecture of 1889), 25 (6), 335-343 (1957). E. M. Purcell, "Gravitation Torsion Balance," 25 (6), 393-394 (1957). Leonard Eisenbud, "On the Classical Laws of Motion," 26 (3), 144- 159 (1958). P. Morrison, "Approximate Nature of Physical Symmetrics," 26 (6), 358-368 (1958). Bela G. Kolossvary, "Eotvos Balance," 27 (5), 336-343 (1959). Leon N. Cooper, "Theory of Superconductivity," 28 (2), 91-101 (1960). R. H. Dicke, "Eotvos Experiment and the Gravitational Red Shift," 28 (4), 344-347 (1960). Gerald Holton, "On the Origins of the Special Theory of Relativity," 28 (7), 627-636 (1960). F. Rohrlich, "Self-Energy and the Stability of the Classical Electron," 28 (7), 639-643 (1960). P. W. Bridgman, "Significance of the Mach Principle," 29 (1), 32-36 (1961). Robert Weinstock, "Laws of Classical Motion. What's F? What's m? What's a?" 29 (10), 698-702 (1961). T. Gold, "The Arrow of Time," 30 (6), 403-410 (1962). Robert W. Brehme, "A Geometric Representation of Galilean and Lorentz Transformations," 30 (7), 489-496 (1962). David H. Frisch and James H. Smith, "Measurement of Relativistic Time Dilation Using u-Mesons," 31 (5), 342-355 (1963). R. H. Dicke, "Cosmology, Mach's Principle and Relativity," 31 (7), 500- 509 (1963). R. S. Shankland, "Michelson-Morley Experiment," 32 (1), 16-35 (1964). Philip Morrison, "Less May Be More," 32 (6), 441-457 (1964). A. L. Schawlow, "Measuring the Wavelength of Light with a Ruler," 33 (11), 922-923 (1965). Arthur Komar, "Foundations of Special Relativity and the Shape of the Big Dipper," 33 (12), 1024-1027 (1965). R. H. Romer, "Angular Momentum of Static Electromagnetic Fields," 34 (9), 772-778 (1966); "Electromagnetic Angular Momentum," 35 (5), 445-446(1967). A. Gamba, "Physical Quantities in Different Reference Systems According to Relativity," 35 (2), 83-89 (1967). Emerson M. Pugh and George E. Pugh, "Physical Significance of the Poynting Vector in Static Fields," 35 (2), 153-156 (1967). R. H. Dicke, "Gravitation and Cosmic Physics," 35 (7), 559-566 (1967). 0. L. Brill and B. Goodman, "Causality in the Coulomb Gauge," 35 (9), 832-837 (1967). Martin S. Tiersten, "Force, Momentum Change, and Motion," 37 (1), 82-87 (1969). W. H. Furry, "Examples of Momentum Distributions in the Electromagnetic Field and in Matter," 37 (6), 621-636 (1969). Gerald Holton, "Einstein and the 'Crucial' Experiment," 37 (10), 968-982 (1969) Herman Erlichson, "Aharonov-Bohm Effect and Quantum Effects on Charged Particles in Field-Free Regions," 38 (2), 162-173 (1970). F. 0. Schulz-DuBois, "Foucault Pendulum Experiment by Kamerlingh Onnes and Degenerate Perturbation Theory," 38 (2), 173-188 (1970). John Clarke, "The Josephson Effect and e/h," 38 (9), 1071-1095 (1970). Timothy H. Boyer, "Energy and Momentum in Electromagnetic Field for Charged Particles Moving with Constant Velocities," 39 (3), 257-270 (1971). Roger Y. Tsien, "Pictures of Dynamic Electric Fields," 40 (1), 46-56 (1972). S. Chandrasekhar, "On the 'Derivation' of Einstein's Field Equations," 40 (2), 224-234 (1972). Barry R. Holstein and Arthur R. Swift, "The Relativity Twins in Free Fall," 40 (5), 746-750 (1972). Henry Pierce Stapp, "The Copenhagen Interpretation," 40 (8), 1098-1116 (1972). N. Bloembergen, "The Concept of Temperature in Magnetism," 41 (3), 325-331 (1973). Julian Schwinger, "Precession Teats of General Relativity -- Source Theory Derivations," 42 (6), 307-510 (1974). Julian Schwinger, "Spin-Precession -- A Dynamical Discussion," 42 (6), 510-513 (1974). Allan Franklin, "Principle of inertia in the Middle Ages," 44 (6), 529-545 (1976). Hans C. Ohanian, "What is the principle of equivalence?" 45 (10), 903-909 (1977). Frederik J. Belinfante, "Can individual elementary particles have individual properties?" 46 (4), 329-336 (1978). Timothy H. Boyar, "Electrostatic potential energy leading to an inertial mass change for a system of two point charges," 46 (4), 383-385 (1978). E. J. Konopioski, "What the electromagnetic vector potential describes," 46 (5), 499-502 (1978). Sidney D. Drell, "When is a particle?" 46 (6), 597-606 (1978). Timothy H. Boyer, "Electrostatic potential energy leading to a gravitational mass change for a system of two point charges," 47 (2), 129-131(1979). Barry R. Holstein and Arthur R. Swift, "Elementary derivation of the radiation field from an accelerated charge," 49 (4), 346-347 (1981). P. C. Peters, "Where is the energy stored in a gravitational field?" 49(6), 564-569 (1981). Robert H. Romer, "Motion of a sphere on a tilted turntable," 49 (10), 985-986 (1981). H. Richard Crane, "Short Foucault pendulum. A way to eliminate the precesson due to ellipticity," 49 (11), 1004-1006 (1981). M. Danos, "Bohm-Aharonov effect. The quantum mechanics of the electrical transformer," 50 (1), 64-66 (1982). Frank S. Crawford, "Elementary derivation of the magnetic flux quantum," 50 (6), 514-516 (1982). Robert Weinstock, "Dismantling a centuries-old myth: Newton's Principia and inverse-square orbits," 50 (7), 610-617 (1982). Frank S. Crawford, "Superball and time-reversal invariance," 50 (9), 856 (1982). Robert C. Hilborn, "Einstein coefficients, cross sections, f values, dipole moments, and all that," 50 (11). 982-986 (1982). Allen I. Janis, "Simultaneity and special relativistic kinematics," 51 (3), 209-2l3 (1983). Hans C. Ohanian, "On the approach to electro- and magnetostatic equilibrium," 51 (11), 1020-1022 (1983). N. David Mermin, "Relativity without light," 52 (2), 119-124 (1984). Timothy H. Boyer, "Lorentz-transformation properties for energy and momentum in electromagnetic systems," 53 (2), 167-171 (1985). Tyler A. Abbott and David J. Griffiths, "Acceleration without radiation," 53 (12), 1203-1211 (1985). Victor F. Weisskopf, "Search for Simplicity: Maxwell, Rayleigh, and Mt. Everest," 54 (1), 13-14 (1986). M. W. P. Strandberg, "Special relativity completed: The source of some 2s in the magnitude of physical phenomena," 54 (4), 321-331 (1986). Hans C. Ohanian, "What is spin?" 54 (6), 500-505 (1986). L. Lederman, "Unification, grand unification, and the unity of physics," 54 (7), 594-600 (1986). E. T. Osypowski and M. G. Olason, "lsynchronous motion in classical mechanics," 55 (8), 720-725 (1987). W. M. Saslow, "Electromechanical implications of Faraday's law: A problem collection," 55 (11), 986-993 (1987). Michael S. Morris and Kip S. Thorne, "Wormholes in spacetime and their use for interstellar travel: A tool for teaching general relativity," 56 (5), 395-412 (1988). Mark A. Heald, "Energy flow in circuits with Faraday emf," 56 (6), 540-547 (1988). N. David Mermin, "The amazing many colored relativity engine," 56 (7), 600-6l1 (1988). Timothy H. Bayer, "The force on a magnetic dipole," 56 (8), 688-692 (1988). A. R. Janah, T. Padmanabhan, and T. P. Singh, "On Feynman's formula for the electromagnetic field of an arbitrarily moving charge," 56 (11), 1036-1038 (1988). Harold S. Zapolsky, "On electric fields produced by steady currents," 56 (12), 1137-1141 (1988). M. Kugler, "Motion in noninertial systems: theory and demonstrations," 57 (3), 247-251 (1989). W. Zimmermann, Jr., "A wave-packet description of the motion of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field," 57 (7), 593-598 (1989). Ray Skinner and John A. Weil, "An introduction to generalized functions and their application to static electromagnetic point dipoles, including hyperfine interactions," 57 (9), 777-791 (1989). S. Washburn, "Conductance fluctuations in loops of gold," 57 (12) 1069-1078 (1989). Hans Dehmelt, "Less is more. Experiments with an individual atomic particle at rest in free space," 58 (1), 17-27 (1990). Robert J. Birgenau, "Novel magnetic phenomena and high-temperature superconductivity in lamellar copper oxides," 58 (1), 28-4O (1990). Freeman J. Dyson, "Feynman's proof of the Maxwell equations," 58 (3), 209-211(1990). See also comments by Norman Dombey, Robert W. Brehme, James L. Anderson, and I. E. Farquhar, 59(l), 85-87 (1991). Cyrus S. MacLatchy and Hugh A. Chipman, "A dynamic method of measuring the charge induced on a conductor," 58 (9), 811-816 (1990). G. Matteucci, "Electron wavelike behavior: A historical and experimental introduction," 58(12), 1143-1147 (1990). -------------------------------------------------------------------- SELECTED ARTICLES FROM APEIRON MAGAZINE. Apeiron Magazine (apeiron@aei.ca) 4405 St-Dominique Montreal, Quebec H2W 2B2 Canada. Apeiron Number 1 (September 1987) * Henrik Broberg (Stockholm) ^Ö Particle Mass in a Cosmological Perspective * Toivo Jaakkola (University of Helsinki Observatory) ^Ö Mach s Principle and Properties of Local Structure Apeiron Number 2 (February 1988) * Jean-Claude Pecker/Jean-Pierre Vigier (University of Paris) ^Ö A Possible Tired-Light Mechanism Apeiron Number 3 (August 1988) * D.F. Roscoe (University of Sheffield) ^Ö Gravitation as an Inertial Process * Amitabha Ghosh (Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur) ^Ö Velocity-Dependent Inertial Induction: A Case for Experimental Observation Apeiron Number 5 (Fall 1989) * S.V.M. Clube (University of Oxford) ^Ö Lorentzian Gravity and Cosmology Apeiron Number 8 (Autumn 1990) * Jacques Trempe (Montreal, Quebec) ^Ö Laws of Light Propagation in Galilean Space-Time * Thomas E. Phipps Jr. (Urbana, Illinois) ^Ö Weber-type Laws of Action-at-a-Distance in Modern Physics Apeiron Numbers 9-10 (Winter-Spring 1991) * S.V.M. Clube (Astrophysics Department, Oxford University) ^Ö Mass Inflation as a Recurring Property of Matter in Astrophysical Situations * Amitabha Ghosh (Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur) ^Ö Velocity Dependent Inertial Induction: A Possible Tired-Light Mechanism * David Roscoe (Department of Applied Mathematics, Sheffield University) ^Ö Gravity out of Inertia * Henrik Broberg (Djursholm, Sweden) ^Ö Mass, Energy, Space * Toivo Jaakkola (University Observatory, Helsinki) ^Ö Electrogravitational Coupling: Empirical and Theoretical Arguments Apeiron Number 12 (February 1992) * Zaman Akil (Kuwait City) ^Ö On the Constant of Gravitation * André K.T. Assis (State University of Campinas, Brazil) ^Ö On Hubble's Law of Redshift, Olbers' Paradox and the Cosmic Background Radiation * S.C. Tiwari (Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India) ^Ö The Nature of Time Apeiron Number 13 (June 1992) * André K.T. Assis (State University of Campinas, Brazil) ^Ö On the Absorption of Gravity * D.F. Roscoe (University of Sheffield) ^Ö The Equivalence Principle as a Consequence of the Third Law * Joop F. Nieland (Arles sur Tech, France) ^Ö Vacuum Refraction Theory of Gravitation * H.E. Wilhelm (University of Utah) ^Ö Explanation of Anomalous Unipolar Induction in Corotating Conductor-Magnet Arrangements by Galilean Electrodynamics Apeiron Number 14 (September 1992) * Thomas E. Phipps Jr. (Urbana, Illinois) ^Ö Lorentz Contraction of the Coulomb Field: An Experimental Proposal * Peter Huber (Germanistisches Seminar, Heidelberg University) ^Ö Does the Velocity of Light Decrease? Apeiron Number 15 (February 1993) * H.E. Wilhelm (University of Utah) ^Ö Galilei Covariant Electrodynamics of Moving Media with Applictions to the Experiments of Fizeau and Hoek * S.X.K. Howusu (University of Jos, Nigeria) ^Ö The Confrontation between Relativity and the Principle of Reciprocal Action * Henrik Broberg (Norwegian Telecom, Oslo) ^Ö On the Kinetic Origin of Mass Aperion Number 16 (June 1993) * C.I. Mocanu (Polytechnical Institute of Bucharest, Romania) ^Ö Is Thomas Rotation a Paradox? * Zu Shaozhi and Xu Xiangqun (Beijing Control Device Research Institute) ^Ö On the Relativity of Simultaneity * Martin Kokus (Hopewell, PA) and A.O. Barut, University of Colorado) ^Ö Suggestion for Unifying Two Types of Quantized Redshift of Astronomical Bodies Apeiron Number 17 (October 1993) * Thomas E. Phipps Jr. (Urbana, Illinois) ^Ö Ampere Tension and Newton's Laws * S.X.K. Howusu (University of Jos, Nigeria) ^Ö General Mechanics of a Photon in the Gravitational Field of a Stationary Homogeneous Spherical Body Apeiron Number 18 (February 1994) * Toivo Jaakkola (Tuorla Observatory, Turku, Finland) ^Ö Radiative and Dynamical Implications of Electrogravity * Peter Huber (Heidelberg University) ^Ö The Cosmological Redshift as a Virtual Effect of Gravitation * H.E. Wilhelm (University of Utah) ^Ö Fitzgerald Contraction, Larmor Dilation, Lorentz Force, Particle Mass and Energy as Invariants of Galilean Electrodynamics * Adolphe Martin (Longueuil, Quebec) ^Ö Einstein to Galilean Relativity Apeiron Number 19 (June 1994) * S.H. Kim (University of Texas at Arlington) ^Ö A Non-Lorentzian Force Stronger than the Lorentz Force * Constantin Antonopoulos (National Technological University of Athens) ^Ö The Semantics of Absolute Space * P. Graneau (Northeastern University, Arlington) and A.K.T. Assis (University of Campinas, Brazil) ^Ö Kirchhoff on the Motion of Electricity in Conductors * Peter F. Browne (University of Manchester) ^Ö Newtonian Cosmology with Renormalized Zero-Point Radiation Apeiron Number 20 (October 1994) * V.A. Kuligin, G.A. Kuligina and M.V. Korneva (University of Voronezh, Russia) ^Ö Epistemology and Special Relativity * G. Galeczki (University of Köln) ^Ö Physical Laws and the Theory of Special Relativity * T. Chang (University of Alabama, Huntsville) ^Ö A Formulation of the Gravitational Equation of Motion Aperion Volume 2, Number 1 (January 1995) * Paul Marmet (University of Ottawa) ^Ö Origin of the 3 K Radiation * Wen-Xiu Li (University of Science and Technology of China) ^Ö On the Relativity of Lengths and Times Apeiron Volume 2, Number 2 (April 1995) * Amitabha Ghosh (Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur) ^Ö Dynamical Inertial Induction and the Potential Energy Problem * Halton C. Arp (Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik) ^Ö New Light on Redshift Periodicities Apeiron Volume 2, Number 3 (July 1995) * P.F. Browne (University of Manchester ) ^Ö de Sitter Cosmology Reinterpreted -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Articles and books by Robert L. Forward: AUTHOR(s): Cramer, John G. Forward, Robert L. Landis, Geoffrey A. Visser, M. Benford, G. TITLE: Natural wormholes as gravitational lenses. In: Physical Review-D: Particles, Fields, Gravitation Traversable wormholes, energy condition, time machines MAR 15 1995 v 51 n 6 Page 3117 AUTHOR(s): Forward, R.L. TITLE: Statite: A Spacecraft That Does Not Orbit. In: Journal of spacecraft and rockets. SEP 01 1991 v 28 n 5 Page 606 AUTHOR(s): Forward, Robert TITLE: Advanced Space Propulsion. In: The Journal of social, political, and economic s Wint 1990 v 15 n 4 Page 387 AUTHOR(s): Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Light-Levitated Geostationary Cylindrical Orbits: Correction and Expansion. In: The Journal of the astronautical sciences. JUL 01 1990 v 38 n 3 Page 335 AUTHOR(s): Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Advanced space propulsion. In: Aerospace america. JUL 01 1990 v 28 n 7 Page 60 AUTHOR(s): Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Grey Solar Sails. In: The Journal of the astronautical sciences. APR 01 1990 v 38 n 2 Page 161 AUTHOR(s): Forward, Robert TITLE: The power of negative matter: Does matter with a negative mass exist somewhere in the cosmos? If it does, it would make the perfect space-drive. In: New scientist. MAR 17 1990 v 125 n 1708 Page 54 AUTHOR(s): Forward, R.L. TITLE: Solar Photon Thruster. In: Journal of spacecraft and rockets. JUL 01 1990 v 27 n 4 Page 411 AUTHOR(s): Forward, R.L. TITLE: Negative matter Propulsion. In: Journal of propulsion and power. JAN 01 1990 v 6 n 1 Page 28 AUTHOR(s): Forward, R.L. TITLE: Space Warps: A Review of One Form of Propulsionless Transport. In: JBIS; Journal of the British Interplanetary Society NOV 01 1989 v 42 n 11 Page 533 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Negative Matter Propulsion In: July 1988 AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference, Journal of Propulsion and Power Vol 6 no 1 pp 28-37 AUTHOR(S): Robert L. Forward and Joel Davis. TITLE: Mirror Matter: Pioneering Antimatter Physics Source: New York : Wiley, 1988. Series: Wiley science editions AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Spin Drive To The Stars In: ANALOG, Apr 1981, pp. 64-7O AUTHOR: Forward, R.L. TITLE: Far Out Physics In: Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact Vol 95, August 1975 pages 147-166 TITLE: Bibliography of interstellar travel and communication: April 1977 AUTHOR: Mallove, Eugene F. and Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Camelot 30K / 1993 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Dragon's egg ; Starquake / 1994 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: The flight of the dragonfly / 1985 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Indistinguishable from magic : speculations and visions of the future / 1995 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Marooned on Eden / 1993 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Martian rainbow / 1991 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Mirror matter : pioneering antimatter physics / 1988 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: A national space program for interstellar exploration. 1975 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Ocean under the ice / 1994 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Rescued from paradise / 1995 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Return to Rocheworld / 1993 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Rocheworld / 1990 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Starquake / 1986 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. TITLE: Timemaster / 1992 AUTHOR: Forward, Robert L. --------------------------------------------------------------------- Dr. Harold Aspden recently retired after serving many years as IBM's patent agent in Europe. He is the discoverer of the "Aspden Effect" or rotational inertia in spinning magnets (NEN, Jan. & Feb. 1995). His Ph.D. thesis involved demonstrations of anomalies in magnetic fields Books and articles by Harold Aspden: AUTHOR: Aspden, Harold. TITLE: Gravitation / by Harold Aspden. PUBL.: Southampton, Eng. : Sabberton Publications, FORMAT: 78 p. ; 22 cm. DATE: 1975 SUBJECT Gravitation ISBN: 0850560055. 0850560063 AUTHOR: Aspden, Harold. TITLE: Modern aether science. PUBL.: Southampton, Eng., Sabberton Publications FORMAT: 165 p. illus. 22 cm. DATE: 1972 SUBJECT Ether (Space) ISBN: 0850560039 0850560047 (pbk) AUTHOR: Aspden, Harold. TITLE: The need for a new theory of gravitation, by H. Aspden. PUBL.: Southampton (Hants.), Sabberton Publications, FORMAT: (1), 4 p. 22 cm. DATE: 1966 SERIES: His Aether science paper no. 1 SUBJECT: Gravitation Relativity (Physics) AUTHOR: Aspden, Harold. TITLE: Physics unified / by Harold Aspden. PUBL.: Southhampton : Sabberton Publications, FORMAT: xi, 206 p. : ill. ; 22 cm. DATE: 1980 SUBJECT Unified field theories ISBN: 0850560101 AUTHOR: Aspden, Harold. TITLE: Physics without Einstein. PUBL.: Southampton, Sabberton Publications, FORMAT: xiii, 224 p. illus. 23 cm. DATE: 1969 SUBJECT Physics ISBN: 850560012 AUTHOR(s): Aspden, H. TITLE(s): Anti Gravity Electronics. Summary: Reinterpretation of Newton's Third Law of Motion suggests that it depends upon and electronic action. Electronic interaction therefore explains the paradoxical anti- gravity properties of the force processed gyroscope. In: Electronics & wireless world. JAN 01 1989 v 95 n 1635 Page: 29 AUTHOR(s): Aspden, H. TITLE(s): Conservative hadron interactions exemplified by the creation of the kaon. In: Hadronic journal. MAY 01 1989 v 12 n 3 Page: 101 AUTHOR(s): Aspden, H. TITLE(s): The Harwen energy radiation generation. In: Speculations in science and technology. 1990 v 13 n 4 Page: 295 AUTHOR(s): Aspden, H. TITLE(s): Instantaneous electrodynamic potential with retarded energy transfer. In: Hadronic journal. NOV 01 1988 v 11 n 6 Page: 307 AUTHOR(s): Aspden, H. TITLE(s): Speculations in energy: editorial introduction. In: Speculations in science and technology. 1990 v 13 n 4 Page: 243 AUTHOR(s): Aspden, H. TITLE(s): The theory of the proton constants. In: Hadronic journal. JUL 01 1988 v 11 n 4 Page: 169 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Selected Publications by LEONARD PARKER * On the Magnetic Moment of a Charged Particle in a Changing Magnetic Field, Nuovo Cimento 408 99 (1965). * Equivalence Principle and Motion of a Gyroscope, Physical Review 175, 1658 (1968). * Motion in a Schwarzschild Field I. Precession of a Moving Gyroscope, American Journal of Physics 37, 309 (1969). * Faster-Than-Light Inertial Frames and Tachyons, Physical Review 188, 2287 (1969). * Special Relativity and Diagonal Transformations (with G. Schmieg), American Journal of Physics 38, 218 (1970). * Quantized Matter Fields and the Avoidance of Singularities in General Relativity (with S. A. Fulling), Physical Review D7, 2357 (1973). * Metric of Two Spinning Charged Sources in Equilibrium (with R. Ruffini and D. Wilkins), Physical Review D7, 2874 (1973). * Quantized Scalar Fields in a Closed Anisotropic Universe (with B. L. Hu and S. A. Fulling), Physical Review D8, 2377 (1973). * Adiabatic Regularization of the Energy-Momentum Tensor of a Quantized Field in Homogeneous Spaces (with S. A. Fulling), Physical Review D9, 341 (1974). * Renormalization in the Theory of a Quantized Scalar Field Interacting With a Robertson-Walker Spacetime (with S. A. Fulling), Annals of Physics (N.Y.) 87, 176-203 (1974). * Adiabatic Analysis and Renormalization in Semiclassical Gravitation Theory (with S. A. Fulling), Bulletin American Physical Society 19 108 (1974). * Conformal Energy-Momentum Tensor in Curved Space-Time: Adiabatic Regularization and Renormalization (with S. A. Fulling and B. L. Hu), Physical Review D10, 3905 (1974). * Solution of the Einstein-Maxwell Equations for Two Unequal Spinning Sources in Equilibrium (with R. A. Kobiske), Physical Review D10, 2321 (1974). * The Interaction of Gravity with Quantized Fields (with S. A. Fulling), award winning essay, Gravity Research Foundation Awards, 1974. * New Developments in the Theory of Gravity Interacting With a Quantized Field, Journal of General Relativity and Gravitation 6, 21 (1975). * Nonlinear Gravitational Effects and Magnetic Monopoles, Physical Review Letters 34, 412 (1975). * Quantized Fields and Particle Creation in Curved Space-Time (66 pages), in Proceedings of the Second Latin American Symposium on Relativity and Gravitation (Universidad Simon Bolivar, Caracas, 1976). * The Production of Elementary Particles by Strong Gravitational Fields (120 pages), in Proceedings of the Symposium on Asymptotic Properties of Space-Time (Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, 1977), editors, P. Esposito and L. Witten. * Angular Momentum and Dirac Charge Quantization in Curved Spacetime, (with J. Friedman and S. Mayer), Physical Review D17, 1957 (1978). * Applied Quantum Gravity: Applications of the Semiclassical Theory, in On the Path of Albert Einstein, edited by B. Kursunoglu, A. Perlmutter, and L. F. Scott (Plenum Press, New York, 1979), pp. 145-166. * Quantized Matter Fields ... (with S. A. Fulling), reprinted in Cosmology, Selected Reprints, edited by L. C. Shepley and A. A. Strassenburg (American Association of Physics Teachers, Stony Brook, N.Y., 1979). * On Renormalization of phi^4 Field Theory in Curved Spacetime I, (with T. S. Bunch and P. Panangaden), Journal of Physics A13, 901 (1980) * One-Electron Atom in Curved Spacetime, Physical Review Letters 44, 1559 (1980). * The One-Electron Atom as a Probe of Spacetime Curvature, Physical Review D22, 1922 (1980). * Self-Forces and Atoms in Gravitational Fields, Physical Review D24, 535 (1981). * The Atom as a Probe of Curved Spacetime, Journal of General Relativity and Gravitation 13, 307 (1981). * Gravitational Perturbation of the Hydrogen Spectrum (with L. O. Pimentel), Physical Review D25, 3180 (1982). * Quantum Gravity 2 (book review), Science 217, 346 (1982). * Remote Quantum Mechanical Detection of Gravitational Radiation, (with T. K. Leen and L. O. Pimentel), General Relativity and Gravitation 15, 761-776 (1983). * Renormalization and Scaling of Non-Abelian Gauge Fields in Curved Space-Time, in Gauge Theory and Gravitation, edited by K. Kikkawa, N. Nakanishi, and H. Nariai (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1983), pp. 96-100. * Gravitational Perturbations of the Hydrogen Atom, in Proceedings of the Third Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, edited by Hu Ning (Science Press and North-Holland Publishing Co., New York, 1983). * Effective Couplings at High Curvature, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Induced Gravitation, Erice, Italy (Sept. 1983). * Renormalization Group Analysis of Grand Unified Theories in Curved Spacetime (with D. J. Toms), Physical Review D29, 1584-1608 (1984). * Effective Couplings of Grand Unified Theories in Curved Spacetime, (with D. J. Toms), Physical Review Letters 52, 1269 (1984). * Some Cosmological Aspects of Quantum Gravity, in Quantum Theory of Gravity, edited by S. M. Christensen (Adam Hilger Ltd., Bristol, 1984), pp. 89-102 (invited paper for volume in honor of 60th birthday of B. S. DeWitt). * Curvature Dependence of Renormalized Coupling Constants, Foundations of Physics 14, 1121 (1984) (invited paper for issue in honor of 75th birthday of Nathan Rosen). * Effective Coupling Constants and GUT's in the Early Universe, in Inner Space/Outer Space, The Interface Between Cosmology and Particle Physics, edited by E. W. Kolb et al. (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1985). * Models of Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars (with J. L. Friedman anJ. R. Ipser), Nature 312, 255 (1984). * Gravity and Grand Unified Theories (with D. J. Toms), General Relativity and Gravitation 17, 167 (1985). * New Form for the Coincidence Limit of Feynman Propagator, or Heat Kernel, in Curved Spacetime (with D. J. Toms), Physical Review D31, 953 (Rapid Communications) (1985). * Explicit Curvature Dependence of Coupling Constants (with D. J. Toms), Physical Review D31, 2424 (1985). * Proof of Summed Form of Proper-Time Expansion for Propagator in Curved Space-Time (with I. Jack), Physical Review D31, 2439 (1985). * Curvature-Induced Asymptotic Freedom (with E. Calzetta and I. Jack), Physical Review Letters 55, 1241 (1985). * Renormalization Group and Nonlocal Terms in the Curved-Spacetime Effective Action (with D. J. Toms), Physical Review D32, 1409 (1985). * Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star Models (with J. L. Friedman and J. R. Ipser), Astrophysical Journal 304, 115-139 (1986). * Quantum Gauge Fields at High Curvature (with E. Calzetta and I. Jack), Physical Review D33, 953-977 (1986). * Renormalization Group Methods in Curved Spacetime (with D. J. Toms) in Quantum Field Theory and Quantum Statistics, edited by I. A. Batalin, C. J. Isham, and G. A. Vilkowisky (invited paper for volume in honor of 60th birthday of Soviet Physicist E. J. Fradkin) (Adam Hilger Ltd., Bristol, 1988). * Gravitational Particle Production in the Formation of Cosmic Strings, Phys. Rev. Letters 59, 1369 (1987). * Gravitational Singularities and Two-Body Interactions, in Nonlinear Phenomena in Relativity and Cosmology, editors, J. R. Buchler et al. (New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 631, New York, 1991), 31-39. * Ultrarelativistic Bose-Einstein Condensation in the Einstein Universe and Energy Conditions (with Yang Zhang), Phys. Rev. D44, 2421-2431 (1991). * Relativistic Condensate as a Source for Inflation (with Yang Zhang), Phys. Rev. D47, 416 (1993) . * Einstein Equations with Quantum Corrections Reduced to Second Order, Phys. Rev. D47, 1339 (1993) (with J. Simon). * Physical Solutions of Semiclassical General Relativistic Models with Quantum Corrrections, in Topics on Quantum Gravity and Beyond, Essays in Honor of Louis Witten on His Retirement, editors, F. Mansouri and J. J. Scanio, (World Scientific, Singapore, 1994). * Atomic Spectra in the Gravitational Field of a Collapsing Prolate Spheroid (with D. Vollick and I. Redmount), Phys. Rev. D (submitted 1994) . * Physical Distinction Among Alternative Vacuum States in Flat Spacetime (with S. Winters-Hilt and I. Redmount), Phys. Rev. D (submitted 1994). ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Publications by Matt Visser (visser@kiwi.wustl.edu) http://www.physics.wustl.edu/~visser/homepage.html Charge nonconserving decays in ordinary matter. Physical Review D24 (1981) 2542--2544. Concerning the mass of the photon. Physics Letters B109 (1982) 373--374. Aspects of supersymmetry breaking. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Report, LBL--18189, September 1984. [Ph.D. Thesis] The topological degree for supersymmetric chiral models. Physical Review D32 (1985) 510--512. Some generalizations of the O'Raifeartaigh model. Journal of Physics A18 (1985) L979--L982. An exotic class of Kaluza--Klein models. Physics Letters B158 (1985) 22--25. A supergravity model without elementary gauge singlets. Physics Letters B160 (1985) 77--80. Number of massless fermion families in superstring theory. With Itzhak Bars Physics Letters B163 (1985) 118--122. Tuning the cosmological constant in N=1 supergravity. Physics Letters B165 (1985) 289--291. Tree level mass spectra in the observable sector. Nuclear Physics B271 (1986) 53--60. Fermion families in superstring theory. With Itzhak Bars Proceedings of the Oregon meeting, 1985 Annual meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society, edited by: R. Hwa, (World Scientific, Singapore, 1986), pp. 829--834. Feeble intermediate range forces from higher dimensions. With Itzhak Bars Physical Review Letters 57 (1986) 25--28. Feeble forces and gravity. With Itzhak Bars General Relativity and Gravitation 19 (1987) 219--223. [This essay was awarded Second Prize in the 1986 Essay Competition sponsored by the Gravity Research Foundation.] Feeble forces. With Itzhak Bars in: Proceedings of the 23'rd International Conference in High Energy Physics, Berkeley, July 1986, edited by: S. C. Loken, (World Scientific, Singapore, 1987), volume 2, pp. 1032--1037. A guide to data in elementary particle physics. (as part of the Berkeley Particle Data Group collaboration) Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Report, LBL--90 (Revised), UC--34D, September 1986. Is the `missing mass' really missing? General Relativity and Gravitation 20 (1988) 77--81. [This essay was awarded an honorable mention in the 1987 Essay Competition sponsored by the Gravity Research Foundation.] Determinants of conformal wave operators in four dimensions. With Steve Blau and Andreas Wipf Physics Letters B209 (1988) 209--213. Zeta functions and the Casimir energy. With Steve Blau and Andreas Wipf) Nuclear Physics B310 (1988) 163--180. Determinants, Dirac operators, and one--loop physics. With Steve Blau and Andreas Wipf International Journal of Modern Physics A4 (1989) 1467--1484. A classical model for the electron. Physics Letters A139 (1989) 99--102. Traversable wormholes: Some simple examples. Physical Review D39 (1989) 3182--3184. Traversable wormholes from surgically modified Schwarzschild spacetimes. Nuclear Physics B328 (1989) 203--212. Wormholes, baby universes, and causality. Physical Review D41 (1990) 1116--1124. Quantum mechanical stabilization of Minkowski signature wormholes. Physics Letters B242 (1990) 24--28. [Based on a talk given at the `Wormshop', Fermilab, May 1989.] Quantum wormholes in Lorentzian signature. in: Proceedings of the Rice meeting, 1990 meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society, edited by: B. Bonner and H. Miettinen, (World Scientific, Singapore, 1990), volume 2, pp. 858--860. Canonically quantized gravity: Disentangling the supermomentum and superhamiltonian constraints. Physical Review D42 (1990) 1964--1972. Quantum wormholes. Physical Review D43 (1991) 402--409. Wheeler--DeWitt quantum gravity in (2+1) dimensions. in: Beyond the Standard Model II: Proceedings of the International Conference in High Energy Physics, Norman, Oklahoma, 1--3 November 1990, edited by: K. A. Milton, R. Kantowski, and M. A. Samuel, (World Scientific, Singapore, 1991), pp. 354--359. Wheeler wormholes and topology change: A minisuperspace analysis. Modern Physics Letters A6 (1991) 2663--2667. [Based on an essay that was awarded an honorable mention in the 1990 Essay Competition sponsored by the Gravity Research Foundation.] Analytic results for the effective action. With Steve Blau and Andreas Wipf International Journal of Modern Physics A6 (1991) 5409--5433. Dirty black holes: Thermodynamics and horizon structure. Physical Review D46 (1992) 2445--2451. >From wormhole to time machine: Remarks on Hawking's chronology protection conjecture. Physical Review D47 (1993) 554--565. van Vleck determinants: Geodesic focussing and defocussing in Lorentzian spacetimes. Physical Review D47 (1993) 2395--2402. Hawking radiation: A particle physics perspective. Modern Physics Letters A8 (1993) 1661--1670. Dirty black holes: Entropy versus area. Physical Review D48 (1993) 583--591. Dirty black holes: Entropy as a surface term. Physical Review D48 (1993) 5697--5705. Lateral wave contributions to the low--altitude radar propagation factor. With Gerald Gilbert and Eric Raiten Radio Science 29 (1994) 483--494. Hawking's chronology protection conjecture: Singularity structure of the quantum stress--energy tensor. Nuclear Physics B416 (1994) 895--906. van Vleck determinants: Traversable wormhole spacetimes. Physical Review D49 (1994) 3963--3980. Natural wormholes as gravitational lenses. With John Cramer, Robert Forward, Michael Morris, Gregory Benford, and Geoffrey Landis Physical Review D51 (1995) 3117--3120. Scale anomalies imply violation of the averaged null energy condition. Physics Letters B349 (1995) 443--447. Lorentzian Wormholes --- from Einstein to Hawking. Full length technical monograph. American Institute of Physics Press, July 1995. Acoustic propagation in fluids: An unexpected example of Lorentzian geometry. gr-qc/9311028; gr-qc@xxx.lanl.gov. Submitted for publication. Thin-shell wormholes: Linearization stability With Eric Poisson) gr-qc/9506083; gr-qc@xxx.lanl.gov Submitted for publication. New book by Matt Visser. Published 1995 "Lorentzian Wormholes---from Einstein to Hawking", by Matt Visser (Washington University in St. Louis). American Institute of Physics Press (Woodbury, New York). ISBN 1-56396-394-9 412 pages (including index and 38 figures); hardback; US$59.00 (US$47.20 for APS/AIP members). To order---Voice: 1-800-809-2247; FAX: 1-802-864-7626. Table of contents: Chapter 0 Preface vii Part i --- Background 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 3 Chapter 2 General relativity 9 Chapter 3 Quantum field theory 31 Chapter 4 Units and natural scales 39 Part ii -- History 43 Chapter 5 The Einstein--Rosen bridge 45 Chapter 6 Spacetime foam 53 Chapter 7 The Kerr wormhole 75 Chapter 8 The cosmological constant 81 Chapter 9 Wormhole taxonomy 89 Chapter 10 Interregnum 95 Part iii - Renaissance 97 Chapter 11 Traversable wormholes 99 Chapter 12 Energy conditions 115 Chapter 13 Engineering considerations 137 Chapter 14 Thin shells: Formalism 153 Chapter 15 Thin shells: Wormholes 165 Chapter 16 Topological censorship 195 Part iv -- Time Travel 201 Chapter 17 Chronology: Basic notions 203 Chapter 18 From wormhole to time machine 227 Chapter 19 Response to the paradoxes 249 Part v --- Quantum Effects 277 Chapter 20 Semiclassical quantum gravity 279 Chapter 21 van Vleck determinants: Formalism 295 Chapter 23 Singularity structure 333 Chapter 24 Minisuperspace wormholes 347 Part vi -- Reprise 367 Chapter 25 Where we stand 369 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Other articles about wormholes: AUTHOR(s): Kar, Sayan Sahdev, Deshdeep TITLE(s): Restricted class of traversable wormholes with traceless matter. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat AUG 15 1995 v 52 n 4 Page 2030 AUTHOR(s): Wang, Anzhong Letelier, Patricio S. TITLE(s): Dynamical Wormholes and energy Conditions. In: Progress of theoretical physics. JUL 01 1995 v 94 n 1 Page 137 AUTHOR(s): Clement, Gerard TITLE(s): Wormhole cosmic strings. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat JUN 15 1995 v 51 n 12 Page 6803 AUTHOR(s): Cramer, John G. Forward, Robert L. Landis, Geoffrey A. TITLE(s): Natural wormholes as gravitational lenses. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat MAR 15 1995 v 51 n 6 Page 3117 AUTHOR(s): Agnese, A.G. La Camera, M. TITLE(s): Wormholes in the Brans-Dicke theory of gravitation. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat FEB 15 1995 v 51 n 4 Page 2011 AUTHOR(s): Cadoni, Mariano Cavaglia, Marco TITLE(s): Cosmological and wormhole solutions in low-energy effective string theory. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat NOV 15 1994 v 50 n 10 Page 6435 AUTHOR(s): Cavaglia, Marco TITLE(s): Quantum electromagnetic wormholes and geometrical description of the electric charge. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat OCT 15 1994 v 50 n 8 Page 5087 AUTHOR(s): Singh, Harvendra TITLE(s): Magnetic wormholes and vertex operators. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat OCT 15 1994 v 50 n 8 Page 5033 AUTHOR(s): Li, Xin-zhou TITLE(s): Dimensionally continued wormhole solutions. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat SEP 15 1994 v 50 n 6 Page 3787 AUTHOR(s): Marugan, G.A. Mena TITLE(s): Bases of wormholes in quantum cosmology. In: Classical and quantum gravity. SEP 01 1994 v 11 n 9 Page: 2205 AUTHOR(s): Ridgway, S. Alexander TITLE(s): S1xS2 wormholes and topological charge. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat JUL 15 1994 v 50 n 2 Page 892 AUTHOR(s): Cavaglia, Marco de Alfaro, Vittorio de Felice, Fernando TITLE(s): Anisotropic wormhole: Tunneling in time and space. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat JUN 15 1994 v 49 n 12 Page 6493 AUTHOR(s): Cotsakis, Spiros Leach, Peter Flessas, George TITLE(s): Minimally coupled scalar field wormholes. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat JUN 15 1994 v 49 n 12 Page 6489 AUTHOR(s): Visser, Matt TITLE(s): van Vleck determinants: Traversable wormhole spacetimes. In: Physical review d: particles, fields, gravitat APR 15 1994 v 49 n 8 Page 3963 AUTHOR(s): Hochberg, David Kephart, Thomas W. TITLE(s): Can Semi-Classical Wormholes Solve the Cosmological Horizon Problem? In: General relativity and gravitation. FEB 01 1994 v 26 n 2 Page 219 AUTHOR(s): Kar, Sayan Sahdev, Deshdeep Bhawal, Biplab TITLE(s): Scalar waves in a wormhole geometry. In: Physical review d: particles and fields. JAN 15 1994 v 49 n 2 Page 853 AUTHOR(s): Khatsymovsky, V. TITLE(s): Can wormholes exist? In: Physics letters. [part b]. JAN 13 1994 v 320 n 3 / 4 Page 234 AUTHOR(s): Kim, S.W. Lee, H. Kim, S.K. TITLE(s): (2+1)-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter wormhole. In: Physics letters: [part A] DEC 20 1993 v 183 n 5 / 6 Page 359 AUTHOR(s): Liu, Liao TITLE(s): Wormhole created from vacuum fluctuation. In: Physical review d: particles and fields. DEC 15 1993 v 48 n 12 Page R5463 AUTHOR(s): Gonzalez-Diaz, P.F. TITLE(s): The conjugate gauge wormhole vertex. In: Physics letters: [Part B] NOV 04 1993 v 317 n 1 / 2 Page 36 AUTHOR(s): You-gen, Shen TITLE(s): Quantum wormhole with conformal scalar field. In: Chinese astronomy and astrophysics. OCT 01 1993 v 17 n 4 Page 401 AUTHOR(s): Azreg-Ainou, Mustapha Clement, Gerard TITLE(s): Stability of the Kaluza-Klein Wormhole Soliton. In: General relativity and gravitation. SEP 01 1993 v 25 n 9 Page 881 AUTHOR(s): Roman, Thomas A. TITLE(s): Inflating Lorentizian wormholes. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. FEB 15 1993 v 47 n 4 Page 1370 AUTHOR(s): Coule, D.H. TITLE(s): Wormholes with arbitrary coupling epsilon. In: Classical and quantum gravity. NOV 01 1992 v 9 n 11 Page 2353 AUTHOR(s): Wang, Jin TITLE(s): Two Kaluza-Klein Wormhole Solutions. In: Astrophysics and space science. MAR 01 1992 v 189 n 1 Page 5 AUTHOR(s): Bellucci, S O'Reilly, D TITLE(s): Wormholes and charged particles. In: Nuclear physics. B. OCT 21 1991 v 364 n 2 Page 495 AUTHOR(s): Moffat, J.W. Svoboda, T. TITLE(s): Traversible wormholes and the negative-stress-energy problem in the non stymmetric gravitational theory. In: Physical review. D, Particles and fields. JUL 15 1991 v 44 n 2 Page 429 AUTHOR(s): de Sabbata, Venzo Sivaram, C. TITLE(s): Torsion, Wormholes, and the Problem of the Cosmological Constant. In: International journal of theoretical physics. 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Institute of Physics, 1992. 413p. QC174.45:N2:1989 Cargese Summer Institute: NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Probabilistic Methods in Quantum Field Theory and Quantum Gravity, Cargese, France, Aug 21-27, 1989. PROBABILISTIC METHODS IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY AND QUANTUM GRAVITY: proceedings. Edited by P.H. Damgaard, H. Huffel, A. Rosenblum. Plenum Press, 1990. 374p. (NATO Advanced Study Institute, Series B: Physics, v. 224) QC178:V6 von Borzeszkowski, H.H. THE MEANING OF QUANTUM GRAVITY. By H.H. von Borzeszkowski and H.J. Treder. Reidel, 1988. 132p. (Fundamental Theories of Physics) QA671:B4 Benn, I.M. AN INTRODUCTION TO SPINORS AND GEOMETRY WITH APPLICATIONS IN PHYSICS. By I.M. Benn and R.W. Tucker. Hilger, 1987. 358p. QC6:P4 Penrose, Roger SPINORS AND SPACE-TIME. By Roger Penrose and Wolfgang Rindler. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1984. 2v. QC174.5:C6 Corson, Edward Michael INTRODUCTION TO TENSORS, SPINORS, AND RELATIVISTIC WAVE EQUATIONS (RELATION STRUCTURE). By Edward Michael Corson. Hafner, 1953. 221p. QA171:C32 Cartan, Elie THE THEORY OF SPINORS. By Elie Cartan. MIT Press, 1966. 157p. Translation of a French book published in 1937. QC171:M45 Mezard, Marc SPIN GLASS THEORY AND BEYOND. By Marc Mezard, Giorgio Parisi, Miguel Angel Virasoro. World Scientific, 1987. 461p. (World Scientific Lecture Notes in Physics, v. 9) QCD161:K28 Kalinowski, Marek Wojciech NONSYMMETRIC FIELDS: theory and its applications. By Marek Wojciech Kalinowski. World Scientific, 1990. 518p. QCD161:C66 Coquereaux, Robert RIEMANNIAN GEOMETRY, FIBER BUNDLES, KALUZA-KLEIN THEORIES AND ALL THAT. By Robert Coquereaux and Arkadiusz Jadczyk. World Scientific, 1988. 345p. (World Scientific Lecture Notes in Physics, v. 16) QCD161:A66 Appelquist, Thomas MODERN KALUZA - KLEIN THEORIES. Edited by Thomas Appelquist, Alan Chodos, Peter G.O. Freund. Benjamin/Cummings, 1985. 619p. (Frontiers in Physics, v. 65) QC174.1:K38 Kaiser, G. QUANTUM PHYSICS, RELATIVITY AND COMPLEX SPACETIME: towards a new synthesis. By G. Kaiser. North-Holland, 1990. 359p. (North- Holland Mathematics Studies, 163) QC6:Z4 Zeh, H.D. THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF THE DIRECTION OF TIME. By H.D. Zeh. Springer-Verlag, 1989. 166p. QC178:A81 Ashtekar, Abhay NEW PERSPECTIVES IN CANONICAL GRAVITY. By Abhay Ashtekar. Bibliopolis, 1988. 324p. (Monographs and Textbooks in Physical Science, Lecture notes, 5) QC6:N2:1985 NATO Advanced Study Institute on on Topological Properties and Global Structure of Space-Time, Erice, Italy, May 12-22, 1985. TOPOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND GLOBAL STRUCTURE OF SPACE-TIME: proceedings. Edited by Peter G. Bergmann and Venzo De Sabbata. Plenum Press, 1986. 289p. (NATO Advanced Study Institute, Series B: Physics, v. 138) 9th Course of the International School of Cosmology and Gravitation of the Ettore Majorana Center. QC174.45:B5 Birrell, N.D. QUANTUM FIELDS IN CURVED SPACE. By N.D. Birrell and P.C.W. Davies. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1982. 340p. QCD161:M52 Misra, S.P. INTRODUCTION TO SUPERSYMMETRY AND SUPERGRAVITY. By S.P. Misra. Wiley Eastern, 1992. 240p. (SERC Schools series publications: Monographs on Theoretical High Energy Physics) QC178:M8 Muller, Martin CONSISTENT CLASSICAL SUPERGRAVITY THEORIES. Edited by Martin Muller. Springer-Verlag, 1989. (Lecture Notes in Physics, 336) QCD161:S713 Srivastava, Prem P. SUPERSYMMETRY, SUPERFIELDS AND SUPERGRAVITY: an introduction. By Prem P. Srivastava. Hilger, 1986. 162p. (Graduate Student Series in Physics) QC178:S25 Salam, Abdus SUPERGRAVITIES IN DIVERSE DIMENSIONS: commentary and reprints. Edited by Abdus Salam and Ergin Sezgin. World Scientific, 1989. 2v. QCD161:W61:1983 Workshop on Unification and Supergravity, La Jolla, Calif., Jan 13- 16, 1983. PROBLEMS IN UNIFICATION AND SUPERGRAVITY (LA JOLLA INSTITUTE, 1983): proceedings. Edited by Glennys Farrar and Frank Henyey. American Inst. Phys., 1984. 185p. (AIP Conference Proceedings, 116) QC178:N2:1983 NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Mathematical Aspects of Superspace, Hamburg, Germany, Jul 12-16, 1983. MATHEMATICAL ASPECTS OF SUPERSPACE: proceedings. Edited by H.J. Seifert, C.J.S. Clarke, A. Rosenblum. Reidel, 1984. 214p. (NATO Advanced Study Institute, Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, v. 132) QC178:N2:1979 NATO Advanced Study Institute on Cosmology and Gravitation: Spin, Torsion, Rotation, and Supergravity, 6th, Erice, Italy, May 6-18, 1979. COSMOLOGY AND GRAVITATION: SPIN, TORSION, ROTATION, AND SUPERGRAVITY: proceedings. Edited by Peter G. Bergmann and Venzo de Sabbata. Plenum Press, 1980. 510p. (NATO Advanced Study Institute, Series B: Physics, v. 58) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Stick a fork in me. I'm done. Robert Stirniman (robert@wwa.com) ... The quest for knowledge is eternal. The worship of knowledge is infernal.